羊耳菊水提取物体外抑菌活性研究

目的 探讨羊耳菊不同器官水提取物的体外抑菌活性.方法 以金黄色葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌、白色念珠菌等10种微生物为试验菌株,采用药敏纸片扩散法、试管二倍稀释法,对羊耳菊水提取物进行抑菌试验.结果 羊耳菊全株各器官都具有较强的抑菌作用,其中根对10种供试菌种都有抑制作用,抑制范围最广;茎对9种供试菌种有抑制作用,叶对8种供试菌种有抑制作用.羊耳菊各器官对金黄色葡萄球菌与铜绿假单胞菌的抑制作用最强.羊耳菊根、茎、叶对金黄色葡萄球菌的MIC值分别为15.63,62.5,62.5 mg/ml,而其抑菌圈直径分别为14.3,13.8,13.5 mm;羊耳菊根,茎,叶对铜绿假单胞菌的MIC值分别为15.63,31.25,62.5 mg/ml,其抑菌圈直径分别为15.8,15.5,14.0 mm.结论 羊耳菊水提取物体外试验证实了该民间药物具有抗菌活性,也表明了羊耳菊是一种有开发潜力的新抗菌药物资源.     

山莨菪碱、旋覆花素、苦碟子对过度训练致急性心肌损伤大鼠的影响

目的探讨山莨菪碱、旋覆花素、苦碟子对过度训练致急性心肌损伤大鼠的影响。方法雄性Wistar大鼠80只,体重200～220 g,随机分为5组:正常对照组(C组,n=8)、力竭对照组(E组, n=24)、山莨菪碱组(A组,n=16)、旋覆花素组(IB组,n=16)、苦碟子组(IS组,n=16)。采用游泳致力竭建立过度训练动物模型。A组于力竭前即刻腹腔注射山莨菪碱10 mg/kg,IB组于力竭前24 h和力竭前即刻口腔灌入旋覆花素25 ml/kg,IS组于力竭前即刻腹腔注射苦碟子20 ml/kg。取标本检测大鼠血清磷酸肌酸激酶(CK)及其同工酶(CK-MB)的活性,光镜观察心肌组织形态学,采用流式细胞术及TUNEL法检测大鼠心肌细胞凋亡,并计算心肌细胞凋亡率。结果与C组比较,E组、A组、IB组和IS组血清CK及CK-MB升高,心肌细胞凋亡率升高(P<0.05);与E组比较,A组、IB组及IS组大鼠血清CK及CK-MB及心肌细胞凋亡率均降低(P<0.05)。光镜下,E组的心肌细胞核深染,有固缩现象;而A组、IB组及IS组的心肌心肌组织学变化均未见异常。结论山莨菪碱、旋覆花素、苦碟子预先给药通过抑制心肌细胞的凋亡,可减轻过度训练致大鼠的心肌损伤。     

Antitumor activity and antioxident role of Bauhinia racemosa against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma in Swiss albino mice

AIM: To study the enzyme activity of CYP2C18 variant with exon 5 skipped. METHODS: A full length CYP2C18 cDNA X1 and an exon 5 skipped variant CYP2C18 X2 were separately subcloned into mammalian expression vector pREP9 to transfect HepG2 cells. The expression of CYP2C18 mRNA in transgenic cells and human liver tissues were determined by RT-PCR. The enzyme activity of CYP2C18 to oxidate tolbutamide in postmitochondrial supernate (S9) fraction was determined by HPLC. The cytotoxicity of ifosfamide to transgenic cells was evaluated by MTT test. RESULTS: HepG2-CYP2C18 X1 cells showed strong expression of the full length CYP2C18 mRNA. On the other hand, HepG2-CYP2C18 X2 cells had only infinitesimal expression of the exon-skipped CYP2C18 as well as the full length CYP2C18, while non-transfected HepG2 cell only demonstrated an infinitesimal expression of the full length CYP2C18. The expression of CYP2C18 exons 2 to 7 was also analyzed by RT-PCR in 7 extratumoral liver tissues. Among them, 3 samples expressed on     

Black cohosh extracts and powders induce micronuclei,a biomarker of genetic damage,in human cells

Black cohosh extract (BCE) is a widely used dietary supplement marketed to women to alleviate symptoms of gynecological ailments, yet its toxicity has not been well characterized. The National Toxicology Program (NTP) previously reported significant increases in micronucleated erythrocytes in peripheral blood of female Wistar Han rats and B6C3F1/N mice administered 15–1,000 mg BCE/kg/day by gavage for 90 days. These animals also developed a dose‐dependent nonregenerative macrocytic anemia characterized by clinical changes consistent with megaloblastic anemia. Both micronuclei (MN) and megaloblastic anemia can arise from disruption of the folate metabolism pathway. The NTP used in vitro approaches to investigate whether the NTP's test lot of BCE, BCEs from various suppliers, and root powders from BC and other cohosh species, were genotoxic in general, and to gain insight into the mechanism of action of BCE genotoxicity. Samples were tested in human TK6 lymphoblastoid cells using the In Vitro MicroFlow® MN assay. The NTP BCE and a BC extract reference material (XRM) were tested in the MultiFlow^® DNA Damage assay, which assesses biomarkers of DNA damage, cell division, and cytotoxicity. The NTP BCE and several additional BCEs were tested in bacterial mutagenicity assays. All samples induced MN when cells were grown in physiological levels of folic acid. The NTP BCE and BC XRM produced activity patterns consistent with an aneugenic mode of action. The NTP BCE and five additional BCEs were negative in bacterial mutagenicity tests. These findings show that black cohosh preparations induce chromosomal damage and may pose a safety concern. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 59:416–426, 2018. © 2018 Published 2018. This article is a US Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.     

Livedo racemosa in neurological diseases: an update on the differential diagnoses

Livedo is a net‐like violaceous skin pattern. It can be classified as physiological or pathological. The physiological livedo reticularis usually appears in cold conditions, whereas the pathological and irregular livedo, which persists in warm temperatures, is often labeled as ‘livedo racemosa’. Some neurological pathologies are associated with livedo, most commonly those with an inflammatory component or those derived from systemic disorders. The present review summarizes the most important central and peripheral neurological diseases in pediatric and adult age groups associated with livedo, providing physicians with an overview of the clinical presentation, etiology, diagnosis and management of these conditions.     

Atypical presentation of livedo racemosa in a factor V Leiden heterozygous positive patient with Pseudomonas aeruginosa urosepsis

Impairment of the protein C pathway, detectable by reduced plasma levels of activated protein C (APC), are risk factors for venous thrombosis. Activated protein C maintains clotting homeostasis by regulation of pro‐coagulant factors Va and VIIIa. Both infection and the factor V Leiden mutation reduce the formation of APC from protein C in the blood. With low levels of APC, excess factors Va and VIIIa exist, increasing the risk of thrombus formation. Livedo racemosa is characterised by a striking, violaceous branch‐like pattering of the skin. It is similar to livedo reticularis, but with a different morphology and histopathology. In this case report we present the first case of livedo racemosa, in an 89‐year‐old factor V Leiden‐positive patient with a Pseudomonas aeruginosa urinary tract infection. The cutaneous biopsies demonstrated vasculopathy with intraluminal thrombi in subcutaneous vessels with no evidence of inflammatory vasculitis.     

旋覆花配方颗粒提取工艺研究

目的：优选旋覆花中主要有效成分的最佳提取工艺。方法采用正交试验法,以提取次数、提取时间、加水量为考察因素、以绿原酸含量为指标,用 HPLC 法监测提取过程中绿原酸的含量变化,以确定水煎煮的最佳工艺条件。结果水煎煮最佳工艺为：10倍药材量的水煎煮、提取2次,每次1 h。结论该方法操作简便、准确,具有很好的重复性和稳定性,适用于旋覆花配方颗粒的工业化生产。     

基于抗炎活性成分的苗药羊耳菊药材质量控制研究

目的 基于抗炎活性成分研究苗药羊耳菊药材质量控制方法。方法 建立羊耳菊有效组分中代表性、特征性化学成分作为指标成分的多指标定量指纹图谱研究。通过多指标成分定量结合指纹图谱分析评价贵州不同产地羊耳菊的质量。结果建立了35批贵州产羊耳菊的高效液相指纹图谱和多指标含量测定方法;指认了羊耳菊药材液相色谱指纹图谱17个共有峰中的8个,结果显示相似度在0.898～0.997,以8个化学成分作为指标,对其进行含量测定,结果显示绿原酸、新绿原酸、隐绿原酸、异绿原酸B、异绿原酸A、异绿原酸C、洋蓟素、木犀草苷的质量分数分别为0.353～3.765、0.056～0.495、0.086～0.526、0.306～2.526、0.861～7.353、0.729～4.268、0.052～0.424、0.148～1.102mg/g。结论 所建立的基于抗炎活性成分的指纹图谱和多指标含量测定研究方法,灵敏度高、准确度好、稳定可靠,可用于苗药羊耳菊药材的质量控制。     

Effects of black cohosh on estrogen biosynthesis in normal breast tissue in vitro

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effect of black cohosh on the estrogen biosynthesis in the breast in vitro. METHODS: Steroid sulfatase (STS) activity was studied in normal breast tissue obtained from pre- and postmenopausal women undergoing reduction mammoplasty. STS protein expression was studied by immunohistochemistry and western blotting. Breast tissue was incubated in vitro without or with black cohosh (iCR) at concentrations ranging from 0.1mg/ml to 1 ng/ml. STS activity was evaluated by incubating homogenized breast tissue with [3H]-estrone sulfate, separating the formed products, estrone (E1) and estradiol (E2), by thin layer chromatography and measuring the amounts of E1 and E2 by scintillation counting. RESULTS: STS protein expression and enzymatic activity were detected in all specimens investigated. In all groups, significantly more E1 than E2 was produced. Local estrogen formation was decreased in premenopausal breast tissue by treatment with iCR at 0.1mg/ml (p相似文献   

氧化应激反应在过度训练致急性肾损伤中的作用及山莨菪碱、旋覆花素、苦碟子的影响

目的:过度训练可引起急性肾损伤(OTIAKI),为了解氧化应激反应在过度训练致急性肾损伤中的作用,本文研究了过度训练大鼠血清及肾组织SOD和MDA的改变,观察了山莨菪碱、旋覆花素、苦碟子对上述变化的影响.方法:将80只雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为安静对照组(CN)、力竭运动组(ES)、山莨菪碱干预组(AD)、旋覆花素干预组(IB)、苦碟子干预组(IS).采用大鼠游泳至力竭建立过度训练致急性肾损伤模型.采用黄嘌呤氧化酶法检测血清和.肾组织SOD和MDA的改变.结果:力竭后即刻和力竭后6h大鼠血清和肾组织SOD明显降低(P<0.05),MDA明显升高(P<0.05);血清SOD和MDA两个指标于力竭后24h恢复达到对照组水平,肾组织SOD和MDA与力竭后6h比较均有所恢复,但未达到对照组水平.于力竭后6h,山莨菪碱、旋覆花素及苦碟子三种药物对过度训练引起的大鼠血清和肾组织SOD活性的降低和MDA含量的增高均具有不同程度的逆转作用;于力竭后24h,三种药物组大鼠血清和肾组织SOD和MDA均恢复到对照组水平.结论:氧化应激反应主要参与力竭后早期引起的肾损伤过程,山莨菪碱、旋覆花素及苦碟子在OTIAKI早期可通过抗氧化应激反应来发挥肾脏保护作用.