外伤性肌部室间隔缺损封堵术一例

患男．32岁，因“被人尖刀刺伤左前胸群后6天”由外院转入我院。患6天前在执行公务时被尖刀刺伤左前胸部而昏剧，30分钟内被同事送往当地医院抢救，诊断为“左侧开放性血气胸、肺脏破裂、右心室前壁破裂、失血性休克”．立即进行右心室前壁、肺脏修补术和血气胸引流术及纠正休克治疗，经3小时积极抢救后患神志清醒，术后出现发热、胸闷、气促．当地医院治疗无好转．6天后转入我院。     

Transcatheter closure in 354 pediatric cases of patent ductus arteriosus usi ng five different devices

评价五种不同介入性心导管堵闭术治疗小儿动脉导管未闭 (PDA)的应用价值。方法　 1989年 3月 - 1999年 12月 ,354例PDA患儿分别用五种不同介入堵闭术进行治疗 ,男 135例 ,女 2 19例 ,年龄 0 4 - 15(3 2± 0 8)岁 ,体重 4 8- 4 9(2 0 6± 3 2 )Kg ,Qp Qs为 1 2 - 4 4 (2 2± 0 5)。其中Porstmann海绵法 2 5例 ,Rashkind双面伞器法 78例 ,Sideris纽扣式补片法 4 3例 ,Cook及PFM弹簧圈器法 6 9例 ,Amplatzer蘑菇伞器法139例。单纯PDA351例 ,其中 3例为PDA结扎后残余分流 ;2例合并轻度主动脉狭窄 ,1例合并轻度肺动脉瓣狭窄。所有PDA患儿术后 1天 ,1个月 ,3个月 ,6个月均用彩色多普勒超声心动图随诊。结果　总成功率 98 6 % (351 354) ,其中Porstmann法 92 % (2 3 2 5) ,Rashkind法 98 7% (71 78) ,Sideris法 10 0 % (43 4 3) ,Coil法 10 0 % (6 9 6 9) ,Amplatzer法 10 0 % (139 139)。具体见表。五种方法残余分流分别是 :Porstmann法无残余分流 ;Rashkind法 17 9% (2 4小时 ) ,7 7% (6个月 ) ;Sideris法 18 6 % (2 4小时 ) ,15% (6个月 ) ;Coil法 5 8% (2 4小时 ) ,2 8% (6个月 ) ;Amplatzer法 8 6 % (2 4小时 ) ,1 4 % (6个月 )。五种方法的X线透视时间分别是 :Porstmann法 54 0± 13 0分钟 ,Rash     

导管介入性治疗小儿先天性心脏病287例报告

１９８６年１月至１９９７年２月，开展小儿各种先天性心脏病（先心病）导管介入性治疗共计２８７例，年龄７天至１５岁，其中瓣膜成形术１５３例，封堵术１２９例，造口术４例，支架成形术１例，总成功率９８．６％。导管介入性治疗小儿先心病非开胸，疗效确切、安全、恢复快，并发症少，尤其以经皮球囊肺动脉瓣成形术及动脉导管未闭堵闭术最为成熟，但器械材料需国产化，有些放置技术还要改进，使本方法具有更广阔前景。     

四种小儿动脉导管未闭堵闭术的临床应用:附127例报告

本文采用四种不同的介入治疗方法堵闭动脉导管共127例,成功率海绵塞法为92％(23/25例),双面伞器法为98.6％(66/67例),钮扣式补片法为100％(26/26例),弹簧圈器法为100％(9/9例)。海绵塞法和弹簧圈器无残余分流;术后6个月双面伞器法残余分流为7％(5/67例),钮扣式补片法为15％(4/26例)。钮扣式补片法和弹簧圈器法无并发症,海绵塞法为24％(6/25例),双面伞器法为4％(3/67例)。我们认为,钮扣式补片法及弹簧圈器法在小儿动脉导管未闭的介入治疗中具有较大的应用价值。     

Inoue球囊瓣膜成形术治疗儿童先天性肺动脉瓣狭窄22例

目的探讨先天性肺动脉瓣狭窄病例经皮穿刺Inoue球囊肺动脉瓣成形术的体会。方法患儿22例。男10例,女12例。年龄9.5~14.0(11.2±2.6)岁,先行右室造影及右心导管检查,测量压力及肺动脉瓣环直径,应用Inoue环形导丝建立钢丝轨道,使导丝前端在肺动脉形成自然圆圈状以固定轨道钢丝。选用最大径较肺动脉瓣环直径大20%~40%Inoue球囊进行扩张。结果本组22例均扩张成功。5例术后出现反应性右室流出道狭窄,经药物治疗后好转。1例出现三尖瓣乳头肌断裂,经外科治疗痊愈。结论对于较大儿童应用Inoue球囊进行肺动脉瓣成形术治疗效果良好,但应严格掌握操作程序。     

儿童室间隔缺损封堵术后心律失常中远期随访结果分析

目的观察及分析儿童室间隔缺损(VSD)封堵术后心律失常的中远期改变情况。方法回顾性分析2002年3月至2010年12月行VSD介入封堵术的1 071例患儿在术后第l、3、6、12个月及其后每年的门诊随访资料。结果1 071例患儿中,早期(术后1个月内)出现心律失常者272例(25.4%),主要包括房室传导阻滞(AVB)、束支传导阻滞、交界性心动过速、房性及室性心动过速、频发期前收缩等,其中Ⅱ度以上AVB及完全性左束支传导阻滞(CLBBB)等严重心律失常22例(2.1%),经治疗后均好转,无患儿需安装永久起搏器。在以后的随访中,平均随访时间(2.8±1.7)年(1~107个月),持续存在心律失常者161例(18.2%),主要为AVB和束支传导阻滞,其中严重心律失常10例(1.1%);4例迟发型AVB中3例在术后早期就已出现过AVB,1例患儿随访过程中复发CLBBB并出现左心室增大,最终因心功能衰竭死亡;4例患儿随访过程中植入永久起搏器。结论 VSD封堵术后早期出现AVB或CLBBB等严重心律失常的患儿在随访过程中复发可能性大;传导阻滞类心律失常随访过程中可出现复发或加重;心动过速、期前收缩等起源异常的心律失常随访过程中大多可恢复正常。     

Cardiac catheterization and comprehensive clinical evaluation after bidirectional Glenn shunt surgery in 60 patients with complex congenital heart disease

Background The bidirectional Glenn shunt surgery is a palliative procedure for patients with complex congenital heart disease(CHD) who are not suitable for biventricular repair in early life. There is limited evidence of successful strategies for long-term hemodynamic stabilization. Furthermore, there have been no data on optimal hemodynamics that could be used as a reference for patients' follow-on management. Methods Sixty CHD patients, 44 male and 16 female, with bidirectional Glenn shunt surgery and cardiac catheterization were enrolled at our hospital between January 2014 and December 2016. Pre-and post Glenn shunt percutaneous oxygen saturation(SpO_2), 6-minute walk test(6 MWT), superior vena cava pressure(SVCP), pulmonary arterial pressure(PAP), pulmonary capillary wedge pressure(PCWP), pulmonary vascular resistance(PVR), small pulmonary vascular resistance(s PVR) were measured. Pre-and post-total cavopulmonary connection(TCPC) SpO_2, and in-hospital complications were monitored. The optimal hemodynamic cutoff values for TCPC patient selection were estimated by receive operating characteristic(ROC) curve analysis. Results SpO_2 was significantly increased by bidirectional Glenn shunt surgery(75.42 ± 9.62% to 86.98 ± 7.63%, P 0.001) from 82.70 ± 5.99% to 95.00 ±4.07% in the 47 patients with TCPC. Forty-two patients completed the 6 MWT with a mean distance of 362.7 ±75.0 m and a SpO_2 decrease from 81.80 ± 7.84% to 67.59 ± 1.82%(P 0.001). The △SpO_2 and 6-minute walk distance(6 MWD) in the 32 who underwent TCPC and ten of them did not reach statistical significance(17.22 ±13.82% vs. 13.87 ± 8.74%, P = 0.08 and 358.88 ± 78.97 m vs. 374.80 ± 62.55 m, P = 0.564]. After cardiac catheterization, 47 patients were selected for TCPC. The right pulmonary artery systolic pressure(s RPAP), mean right pulmonary artery pressure(m RPAP), mean left pulmonary artery pressure(m LPAP), PVR, and s PVR were significantly lower in the TCPC group than in the non-TCPC group. The differences in superior vena cava systolic blood pressure(s SVCP), mean superior vena cava pressure(m SVCP), and left pulmonary artery systolic pressure(s LPAP) were not significant. The optimal cutoff values for TCPC were s SVCP ≤ 20 mm Hg(P = 0.025),s RPAP ≤ 22 mm Hg(P = 0.0001, mRPAP ≤ 13 mm Hg(P =0.003), s LPAP ≤ 27 mm Hg(P =0.03), m LPAP ≤ 11 mm Hg(P = 0.01), PVR ≤ 4.3 Wood U/m~2(P 0.0001) and were significantly associated with TCPC selection,except for m SVCP ≤ 19 mm Hg(P = 0.06) and s PVR ≤ 2.0 wood U/m~2(P = 0.0531). One patient died because of low cardiac output after TCPC. In-hospital mortality was 2.1%. Conclusion The SpO_2 can be significantly improved after bidirectional Glenn shunt and TCPC surgery. The 6 MWT is an index of activity tolerance prior toTCPC. Hemodynamic values of s SVCP ≤ 20 mm Hg, s RPAP ≤ 22 mm Hg, m RPAP ≤ 13 mm Hg, s LPAP ≤ 27 mm Hg, m LPAP ≤ 11 mm Hg, and PVR ≤ 4.3 Wood U/m~2 can help identify post Glenn-shunt patients indicated for TCPC.     

房间隔缺损合并三尖瓣反流的研究进展

房间隔缺损(ASD)患者常合并三尖瓣反流(TR)。严重TR会增加心血管疾病发病率和死亡率。随着心导管技术的发展,ASD介入封堵术已成为代替外科手术的一种有效治疗方法,三尖瓣的介入治疗也有了新的尝试。但目前对于ASD合并TR患者的研究较少,对于ASD合并TR的患者在ASD闭合后三尖瓣的变化情况以及严重TR的治疗策略仍存在争议。本文就ASD合并TR的机制、诊断以及治疗进行阐述。     

经导管封堵动脉导管未闭介入治疗后残余分流

目的探讨经导管封堵动脉导管未闭(PDA)介入治疗后残余分流的可行性和临床疗效。方法自1997年3月至2001年8月16例PDA介入治疗后残余分流的患者,其中男4例,女12例,平均年龄5.9±2.4岁(2～9岁),平均体重17.7±5.4kg(9～28kg),应用不同介入方法经动脉或静脉途径封堵残余分流,首次介入治疗与再次介入治疗的时间间隔平均为1.5±1.1年(1天～3.5年)。结果残余分流直径平均为2.7±0.9mm(1.2～5.0mm)。15例成功完成残余分流封堵术,1例失败,技术成功率为94%(15/16)。单纯应用Cook可控弹簧圈9例(其中双弹簧圈2例),Rashkind双面伞2例,Sidris纽扣式补片1例,Amplatzer蘑菇伞2例,同时应用Cook可控弹簧圈和Sidris纽扣式补片1例。封堵术后即刻造影,3例仍有少量残余分流,完全闭合率为80%(12/15)。平均手术时间为75.0±22.8min(45～120min),平均X线透视时间为10.4±3.9min(5～20min)。股动脉并发症1例,其余无并发症出现。封堵术后24h复查超声心动图,所有残余分流均完全闭合(100%),在平均2年随访中未出现残余分流再通、封堵器移位和左右肺动脉狭窄。结论经导管封堵PDA介入治疗后残余分流安全、疗效确切、创伤小,可作为外科手术治疗PDA介入治疗后残余分流的一种替代方法。     

内脏异位综合征合并肺动脉狭窄/闭锁患儿缝隙连接蛋白43基因突变的检测

目的:探讨内脏异位综合征合并肺动脉狭窄/闭锁患儿有无缝隙连接蛋白43(Connexin43,Cx43)基因突变。方法:选取47例内脏异位综合征合并肺动脉狭窄/闭锁患儿,45例无内脏异位的法洛氏四联症患儿以及30例无先天性心脏病的患儿,抽取外周血,采用PCR-SSCP和DNA测序技术检测有无Cx43胞质尾区基因突变。结果:所有样本DNA的PCR特异性扩增良好。对Cx43胞质尾区的PCR扩增产物进行SSCP分析和测序,未查找到单核苷酸多态性位点任何转换、颠换、缺失和插入的变异。结论:内脏异位综合征合并肺动脉狭窄/闭锁的患儿以及无内脏异位的法洛氏四联症患儿均无Cx43基因突变。