射频消融术治疗原发性肝癌（附58例报道）

目的探讨射频消融术在无法实施手术的原发性肝癌患者中的临床应用效果。方法回顾性分析2007年9月至2011年3月期间我院收治的58例由于各种原因无法手术治疗的大肝癌（〉5cm）并接受射频消融治疗患者的临床资料,射频消融前后结合超声造影的方法,术后随访并定期复查血清甲胎蛋白水平和超声造影或者肝脏增强CT。结果58例中无一例发生与射频消融相关的死亡,22例达到完全消融（37．9％,22／58）。共51例（87．9％,51／58）获得随访,随访至2012年5月,随访时间（12．6±6．4）个月（2～21个月）,随访12个月以上患者有20例（39．2％,20／51）,有10例（19．6％,10／51）无肿瘤复发或者转移的迹象。22例达到完全消融的患者无瘤生存时间为（13．6±10．4）个月（3～21个月）;36例未能达到完全消融的患者中,有19例随访期间死亡,生存时间（8．3~6．1）个月（4～16个月）。结论由于各种原因不能接受手术的大肝癌患者,射频消融作为一种有效、安全治疗方法,部分能达到完全消融的效果,而部分作为姑息性治疗手段,能一定程度上减轻患者的疼痛,达到提高生活质量的目的。     

加权逼近理想解排序法结合秩和比法综合评价广东省麻疹监测质量

目的综合评价广东省2009~2012年麻疹监测工作质量。方法加权逼近理想解排序法(Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution,TOPSIS)结合秩和比法(Rank-sum Ratio,RSR),对广东省2009~2012年麻疹监测的8项指标进行纵向评价和各市麻疹监测系统(Measles Surveillance System,MSS)运转的7项指标进行横向评价。结果广东省2009~2012年MSS总体运转质量不断提高,2011年麻疹监测质量最好;东莞、中山、深圳和广州市的麻疹监测质量最好,汕尾和云浮市的麻疹监测质量最差。结论运用加权TOPSIS法结合RSR法,能比单一指标评价更加客观、合理地反映MSS运转情况,可在麻疹监测综合评价中运用。     

天麻素及乙酰天麻素对糖尿病视网膜神经节细胞的保护作用

目的比较乙酰天麻素和天麻素灌胃给药对糖尿病大鼠视网膜神经节细胞(retinal ganglion cells,RGC)的保护作用。方法取56只SD大鼠随机分为7组:对照组、糖尿病模型组、生理盐水治疗组、乙酰天麻素低浓度组及高浓度组、天麻素低浓度组及高浓度组,每组8只。链脲佐菌素腹腔注射建立SD大鼠糖尿病模型,血糖高于16.7 mmol·L-1确定为造模成功。模型鼠出现高血糖1周后,分别给予100 mg·kg-1、200 mg·kg-1乙酰天麻素及50 mg·kg-1、100 mg·kg-1天麻素溶液灌胃给药8周,对照组只给予生理盐水灌胃。模型组和对照组大鼠处死后摘除眼球,做视网膜冰冻切片,PI染核,观察神经节细胞层细胞数量变化并计数。结果造模后8周,糖尿病模型组和对照组的细胞计数分别为5.50±4.50和24.75±3.50,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。糖尿病大鼠给予天麻素灌胃给药后,神经节细胞层的RGC细胞的损伤减轻。免疫荧光显示低、高浓度组糖尿病大鼠RGC细胞数量较糖尿病模型组大鼠及对照组大鼠增加,其中高浓度天麻素组增加更明显,生理盐水治疗组及低、高浓度天麻素组的细胞计数分别为6.10±3.75、14.00±3.50和18.01±4.00,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。糖尿病大鼠给予乙酰天麻素治疗后,神经节细胞层的RGC细胞数量较糖尿病模型组增加,其中高浓度组增加更明显,低、高浓度乙酰天麻素组的细胞计数分别为18.25±5.50和21.88±5.50,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与天麻素组比较,高浓度乙酰天麻素组RGC的细胞数量明显增加,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论乙酰天麻素比天麻素能更有效保护糖尿病RGC。     

广东省现阶段消除麻疹策略研究

目的研究广东省消除麻疹策略和实施效果。方法采用描述流行病学方法,研究2005-2013年期间不同免疫、监测和管理策略对广东省消除麻疹进程的影响。结果全省麻疹报告发病率2005-2007年持续升高,2008年开始下降,2011年达到历史最低水平,2012年起出现反弹,2013年麻疹报告发病率达到6.63/10万。近年麻疹发病年龄出现向两端移动。含麻疹成分疫苗第1剂估算接种率低于报告和调查接种率。补充免疫不仅可减少目标人群发病,而且显著减少其他人群发病。本土麻疹病毒流行尚未被阻断。产前最后1个月的孕妇、新生儿、3、6、8月龄婴儿的麻疹Ig G抗体阳性率分别为97.83%、97.83%、23.19%、12.32%和1.45%。8月龄-14岁麻疹病例中约有18.2%疑似麻疹疫苗相关病例。结论广东省消除麻疹取得重大进展,但离消除麻疹目标差距较大,需加大消除麻疹策略的落实力度,提高人群含麻疹成分疫苗接种率。     

丘疹性荨麻疹患者粉尘螨皮肤点刺试验的检测

目的：探讨丘疹性荨麻疹与粉尘螨过敏原的相关性。方法选用粉尘螨皮肤点刺诊断试剂盒对79例丘疹性荨麻疹患者及18例正常健康人进行皮肤点刺试验,并用磷酸组胺甘油生理盐水溶液为阳性对照,甘油生理盐水溶液为阴性对照。79例丘疹性荨麻疹患者按年龄分为未成年组、青年组与中老年组。结果丘疹性荨麻疹组43例患者阳性,正常健康组3例阳性,2组间差异有统计学意义（P<0.05)。未成年组18例,9例患者阳性;青年组47例,27例患者阳性;中老年组14例,7例患者阳性,各年龄组间阳性率差异无统计学意义。结论丘疹性荨麻疹与粉尘螨过敏原有一定相关性,但粉尘螨过敏与年龄无相关性。     

中西药联合治疗复治肺结核的临床观察

目的：探讨胸腺肽、补金片与抗肺结核药物治疗复治肺结核的临床疗效。方法选择85例复治肺结核患者，随机分成治疗组（43例）和对照组（42例）。治疗组在应用抗肺结核药物基础上加用胸腺肽，补金片治疗3个月，观察患者治疗结果。结果治疗组患者自觉症状、痰菌阴转率、细胞免疫、胸片各指标与照组对比有明显差异（P〈0.05），且无明显副作用。结论抗肺结核药物加胸腺肽、补金片治疗复制结核患者疗效显著，总有效率为95%。     

The effect of repaglinide on blood glucose and islet β-cell function in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients

Objective To explore the effect of repaglinide intensive treatment on islet β-cell function and long-term control of blood glucose in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients. Methods Self-control and inter-group control prospective study was conducted in 80 newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients who were treated with short-term repaglinide intensive treatment and islet β-cell function was assessed by 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) before and after repaglinide treatment. The changes of △I30/△G30 ratio, blood lipid, HOMA A and HOMA B were examined. Results After treatment, in successful group, middle group and defeat group, the fasting plasma glucose levels were decreased from 8.9±1.5, 8.6±1.6,9.0±2.0 to 5.0±1.4,6.3±0. 7,6.5±0. 9 mmol/L, 0. 5 h postprandial glucose levels were decreased from (12.6±1.6, 12.6±1.5, 12.4±1.3 to 8.4±1.0, 6.8±0. 7, 8. 6±0. 9)mmol/L,and 2 h postprandial glucose levels were decreased from (13.0±1.2, 13. 1±1.3, 13. 3±1.4 to 9.2±0.9, 6.6±0. 7, 9.2±0. 9)mmol/L,respectively (all P <0. 005). The ratio of △I30/△G30 was increased froml. 69±0. 31, 1.72±0. 33, 1.79±0. 36 to 4. 47±0. 62, 4. 42±0.46,12. 00±0.46 in the three groups, respectively (P<0.05). HOMA B was significantly improved (P<0. 05), while triglycerides and HOMA A were decreased(P<0. 05). The levels of fasting blood glucose and postprandial blood glucose in 21 patients were maintained within normal range for more than six months. There were significant differences in the ratio of △I30/△G30, age, repaglinide dosage and the time of reaching target of glucose [4.47±0.62 vs. 2. 0± 0.46; 39±8 vs. 56±9; 2.0±1.5 vs. 5.0±2.5; 32.4±8.0 vs. 53.3±7.6; all P<0.05] between successful group and defeat group. Conclusions The short-term intensive treatment with repaglinide can significantly improve the early secretion phase of insulin and the islet β-cell function, reconstruct of the physiological model of insulin secretion and relieve the disease.     

The effect of repaglinide on blood glucose and islet β-cell function in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients

Objective To explore the effect of repaglinide intensive treatment on islet β-cell function and long-term control of blood glucose in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients. Methods Self-control and inter-group control prospective study was conducted in 80 newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients who were treated with short-term repaglinide intensive treatment and islet β-cell function was assessed by 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) before and after repaglinide treatment. The changes of △I30/△G30 ratio, blood lipid, HOMA A and HOMA B were examined. Results After treatment, in successful group, middle group and defeat group, the fasting plasma glucose levels were decreased from 8.9±1.5, 8.6±1.6,9.0±2.0 to 5.0±1.4,6.3±0. 7,6.5±0. 9 mmol/L, 0. 5 h postprandial glucose levels were decreased from (12.6±1.6, 12.6±1.5, 12.4±1.3 to 8.4±1.0, 6.8±0. 7, 8. 6±0. 9)mmol/L,and 2 h postprandial glucose levels were decreased from (13.0±1.2, 13. 1±1.3, 13. 3±1.4 to 9.2±0.9, 6.6±0. 7, 9.2±0. 9)mmol/L,respectively (all P <0. 005). The ratio of △I30/△G30 was increased froml. 69±0. 31, 1.72±0. 33, 1.79±0. 36 to 4. 47±0. 62, 4. 42±0.46,12. 00±0.46 in the three groups, respectively (P<0.05). HOMA B was significantly improved (P<0. 05), while triglycerides and HOMA A were decreased(P<0. 05). The levels of fasting blood glucose and postprandial blood glucose in 21 patients were maintained within normal range for more than six months. There were significant differences in the ratio of △I30/△G30, age, repaglinide dosage and the time of reaching target of glucose [4.47±0.62 vs. 2. 0± 0.46; 39±8 vs. 56±9; 2.0±1.5 vs. 5.0±2.5; 32.4±8.0 vs. 53.3±7.6; all P<0.05] between successful group and defeat group. Conclusions The short-term intensive treatment with repaglinide can significantly improve the early secretion phase of insulin and the islet β-cell function, reconstruct of the physiological model of insulin secretion and relieve the disease.     

B-ALL患者PTEN表达及其启动子甲基化状态研究

目的:探讨抑癌基因PTEN在急性B淋巴细胞白血病(B-ALL)患者外周血单个核细胞中的表达及其与启动子甲基化状态之间的关系.方法:收集24例初发B-ALL患者和25例正常人外周血单个核细胞,通过Kolmogorov-Smirnov(KS)分析,利用定量流式细胞术检测PTEN表达.提取基因组DNA后,采用MSP方法检测PTEN启动子甲基化状态,进而在体外培养过程中,以DNA甲基化转移酶抑制剂5-氮-2'脱氧胞嘧啶进行处理,观察其对B-ALL单个核细胞PTEN表达的影响.结果:25例正常人外周血单个核细胞均表达PTEN,KS分析时D值为0.941±0.017,而24例B-ALL患者中22例(91.6%)外周血单个核细胞PTEN表达明显缺失,D值仅为0.546±0.115,两者差异具有显著性意义(P＜0.01);正常人和PTEN高表达的B-ALL患者外周血单个核细胞中未发现PTEN启动子发生甲基化修饰,而PTEN表达缺失的B-ALL患者中有5例(22.7%)出现PTEN启动子甲基化,将其单个核细胞培养时以5-氮-2'脱氧胞嘧啶处理4d,PTEN表达明显升高.结论:PTEN的表达缺失在B-ALL患者中很常见,其启动子甲基化导致的PTEN表达缺失在B-ALL的发生中可能起重要作用.