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1.
多囊卵巢综合征(polycystic ovary syndrome,PCOS)是一种内分泌代谢紊乱综合征,临床表现高度异质性。肥胖是PCOS异质性临床表现之一,超过50%的PCOS患者超重或肥胖。肥胖型PCOS主要表现为高雄激素血症、中心型肥胖和糖脂代谢紊乱,非肥胖型PCOS主要表现为黄体生成激素(luteinizing hormone,LH)水平异常升高。尽管肥胖型和非肥胖型PCOS均存在内分泌代谢异常,然而肥胖可加重PCOS糖脂代谢紊乱;肥胖型PCOS还表现脂肪代谢的异常。综述肥胖型PCOS患者的临床特征、性激素水平、糖脂代谢特征,旨在为肥胖型和非肥胖型PCOS患者新的分型诊治提供参考。 相似文献
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目的观察耳穴贴压联合俞募配穴针刺治疗中风后便秘(虚秘)的临床疗效。方法将80例中风后便秘(虚秘)患者随机分为治疗组40例、对照组40例。在中风常规治疗、护理及康复训练下,治疗组采用耳穴贴压联合俞募配穴针刺,对照组采用普通针刺法。对两组患者临床疗效、便秘症状积分、胃肠激素水平及生存质量进行比较。结果两组治疗后胃肠激素P物质(SP)水平及便秘患者生存质量量表(PAC-QOL)评分均有显著提高(P<0.01),且治疗组治疗后明显高于对照组(P<0.01),两组治疗后便秘症状积分、胃肠激素血管活性肠肽(VIP)水平均显著降低(P<0.01),且治疗组治疗后低于对照组(P<0.01)。治疗组总有效率为87.5%,两组疗效比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论耳穴贴压联合俞募配穴针刺治疗中风后便秘(虚秘)具有良好疗效。 相似文献
4.
目的:探讨甲状旁腺激素(PTH)对大鼠牵张成骨(DO)过程中ONC、OPN、C-FOS、COL1、VEGF、RUNX2、ALP基因表达的影响。方法30只雄性大鼠制备大鼠下颌骨DO模型。随机分5组,每组6只。第1组(只有牵张无PTH),术后8周取材,应用HE染色及微CT检测,以确定成骨情况。第2组(有牵张无PTH),第3组(有牵张有PTH),第4组(无牵张有PTH),第5组(对照组:无牵张无PTH)。2、3、4组及对照组术后1周取材,RT-PCR测定ONC、OPN、C-FOS、COL1、VEGF、RUNX2、ALP基因的表达。结果第1组,新骨形成,骨质充满牵张区,骨质连续,大鼠建模成功。RT-PCR检测结果显示,2、3、4组与对照组比较,OPN、COL1、RUNX2、ALP基因表达有明显提高(P<0.05),其中第3组最为明显。ONC、C-FOS、VEGF基因2、3、4组与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 PTH在 DO 过程中,间歇性给以 PTH的作用只有在牵张期发挥作用,其对 OPN、COL1、RUNX2、ALP基因表达能够获得理想的协同作用。 相似文献
5.
Ragnhild B. Wijma Marloes Emous Merel van den Broek Anke Laskewitz Anneke C. Muller Kobold André P. van Beek 《Surgery for obesity and related diseases》2019,15(1):73-81
Background
Early dumping is a poorly defined and incompletely understood complication after Roux-en-Y gastric (RYGB).Objective
We performed a mixed-meal tolerance test in patients after RYGB to address the prevalence of early dumping and to gain further insight into its pathophysiology.Setting
The study was conducted in a regional hospital in the northern part of the Netherlands.Methods
From a random sample of patients who underwent primary RYGB between 2008 and 2011, 46 patients completed the mixed-meal tolerance test. The dumping severity score for early dumping was assessed every 30 minutes. A sum score at 30 or 60 minutes of ≥5 and an incremental score of ≥3 points were defined as indicating a high suspicion of early dumping. Blood samples were collected at baseline, every 10 minutes during the first half hour, and at 60 minutes after the start.Results
The prevalence of a high suspicion of early dumping was 26%. No differences were seen for absolute hematocrit value, inactive glucagon-like peptide-1, and vasoactive intestinal peptide between patients with or without early dumping. Patients at high suspicion of early dumping had higher levels of active glucagon-like peptide-1 and peptide YY.Conclusion
The prevalence of complaints at high suspicion of early dumping in a random population of patients after RYGB is 26% in response to a mixed-meal tolerance test. Postprandial increases in both glucagon-like peptide-1 and peptide YY are associated with symptoms of early dumping, suggesting gut L-cell overactivity in this syndrome. 相似文献6.
目的观察重灸中脘穴对脾胃虚寒型2型糖尿病胃轻瘫患者胃肠激素、胃动力学的影响。方法选取符合纳入标准的88例脾胃虚寒型糖尿病胃轻瘫患者,按随机数字表法分为治疗组和对照组,每组44例。对照组采用常规药物治疗,治疗组采用重灸中脘穴治疗。疗程结束后记录并对比分析两组临床疗效、胃肠激素[胃泌素(GAS)、胃动素(MTL)]、胃动力学(胃收缩频率、胃排空时间、胃排空率)、主要临床症状评分等变化。结果治疗组临床疗效明显优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组治疗后GAS、MTL均明显优于治疗前(P<0.05),且治疗组明显优于对照组(P<0.05);两组治疗后胃收缩频率、胃排空时间、胃排空率均明显优于治疗前(P<0.05),且治疗组明显优于对照组(P<0.05);两组治疗后主要临床症状评分均明显优于治疗前(P<0.05),且治疗组明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论在常规药物治疗基础上重灸中脘穴治疗脾胃虚寒型2型糖尿病胃轻瘫,可调节胃肠激素,改善胃肠动力,促进胃肠功能恢复。 相似文献
7.
Parathyroid cancer (PC) is a rare malignant tumor which comprises 0.5–5% of patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). Most of these cancers are sporadic, although it may also occur as a feature of various genetic syndromes including hyperparathyroidism-jaw tumor syndrome (HPT-JT) and multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) types 1 and 2A. Although PC is characterized by high levels of serum ionized calcium (Ca) and parathyroid hormone (PTH), the challenge to the clinician is to distinguish PC from the far more common entities of parathyroid adenoma (PA) or hyperplasia, as there are no specific clinical, biochemical, or radiological characteristic of PC. Complete surgical resection is the only known curative treatment for PC with the surgical approach during initial surgery strongly influencing the outcome. In order to avoid local recurrence, the lesion must be removed en-bloc with clear margins. PC has high recurrence rates of up to 50% but with favorable long-term survival rates (10-year overall survival of 60–70%) due to its slow-growing nature. Most patients die not from tumor burden directly but from uncontrolled severe hypercalcemia. In this article we have updated the information on PC by reviewing the literature over the past 10 years and summarizing the findings of the largest series published in this period. 相似文献
8.
Harinakshi Sanikini David C. Muller Marisa Sophiea Sabina Rinaldi Antonio Agudo Eric J. Duell Elisabete Weiderpass Kim Overvad Anne Tjønneland Jytte Halkjær Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault Franck Carbonnel Iris Cervenka Heiner Boeing Rudolf Kaaks Tilman Kühn Antonia Trichopoulou Georgia Martimianaki Anna Karakatsani Valeria Pala Domenico Palli Amalia Mattiello Rosario Tumino Carlotta Sacerdote Guri Skeie Charlotta Rylander María-Dolores Chirlaque López Maria-Jose Sánchez Eva Ardanaz Sara Regnér Tanja Stocks Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita Roel C.H. Vermeulen Dagfinn Aune Tammy Y.N. Tong Nathalie Kliemann Neil Murphy Marc Chadeau-Hyam Marc J. Gunter Amanda J. Cross 《International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer》2020,146(4):929-942
Obesity has been associated with upper gastrointestinal cancers; however, there are limited prospective data on associations by subtype/subsite. Obesity can impact hormonal factors, which have been hypothesized to play a role in these cancers. We investigated anthropometric and reproductive factors in relation to esophageal and gastric cancer by subtype and subsite for 476,160 participants from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort. Multivariable hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using Cox models. During a mean follow-up of 14 years, 220 esophageal adenocarcinomas (EA), 195 esophageal squamous cell carcinomas, 243 gastric cardia (GC) and 373 gastric noncardia (GNC) cancers were diagnosed. Body mass index (BMI) was associated with EA in men (BMI ≥30 vs. 18.5–25 kg/m2: HR = 1.94, 95% CI: 1.25–3.03) and women (HR = 2.66, 95% CI: 1.15–6.19); however, adjustment for waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) attenuated these associations. After mutual adjustment for BMI and HC, respectively, WHR and waist circumference (WC) were associated with EA in men (HR = 3.47, 95% CI: 1.99–6.06 for WHR >0.96 vs. <0.91; HR = 2.67, 95% CI: 1.52–4.72 for WC >98 vs. <90 cm) and women (HR = 4.40, 95% CI: 1.35–14.33 for WHR >0.82 vs. <0.76; HR = 5.67, 95% CI: 1.76–18.26 for WC >84 vs. <74 cm). WHR was also positively associated with GC in women, and WC was positively associated with GC in men. Inverse associations were observed between parity and EA (HR = 0.38, 95% CI: 0.14–0.99; >2 vs. 0) and age at first pregnancy and GNC (HR = 0.54, 95% CI: 0.32–0.91; >26 vs. <22 years); whereas bilateral ovariectomy was positively associated with GNC (HR = 1.87, 95% CI: 1.04–3.36). These findings support a role for hormonal pathways in upper gastrointestinal cancers. 相似文献
9.
目的:探究痛泻四神汤对腹泻型肠易激综合征胃肠激素水平的影响。方法:选取2017年2月至2018年6月西安市中医医院收治的腹泻型肠易激综合征患者124例作为研究对象,按照就诊顺序编号随机分为对照组和观察组,每组62例。对照组给予西医常规治疗,观察组在对照组基础上加用痛泻四神汤加减治疗,均治疗2周。观察和比较2组治疗前后淋巴细胞指标CD3^+、CD4^+、CD8^+、CD4^+/CD8^+变化,观察并比较2组治疗前后胃肠激素指标血浆胃动素(MOT)、降钙素相关基因肽(CGRP)、血管活性肠肽(VIP)、生长抑素(SS)、一氧化氮(NO)变化;观察并比较2组治疗前后在γ-干扰素(IFN-γ)、5-羟色胺(5-HT)、神经肽Y(NPY)含量变化;观察并比较2组治疗前后临床症状腹痛、腹胀、肠鸣失气、急躁易怒、神疲乏力、纳呆食少症状评分变化;治疗过程中进行不良反应记录,治疗结束后进行统计。结果:1)2组患者治疗前CD3^+、CD4^+、CD8^+、CD4^+/CD8^+比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),治疗后2组CD3^+、CD4^+、CD4^+/CD8^+较治疗前均显著上升,CD8^+显著下降(均P<0.05);治疗后观察组患者CD3^+、CD4^+、CD4^+/CD8^+显著高于对照组,CD8^+显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。2)2组治疗前MOT、CGRP、VIP、SS、NO比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),治疗后2组MOT、NO较治疗前显著升高,CGRP、VIP、SS显著下降(P<0.05);治疗后观察组CGRP、VIP、SS显著低于对照组,MOT、NO显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。3)2组治疗前IFN-γ、5-HT、NPY比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),治疗后2组IFN-γ、5-HT、NPY较治疗前均显著下降(P<0.05);治疗后观察组IFN-γ、5-HT、NPY显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。4)2组治疗前腹痛、腹胀、肠鸣失气、急躁易怒、神疲乏力、纳呆食少积分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),治疗后2组以上各症状评分较治疗前显著下降(P<0.05);治疗后观察组以上各积分显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。5)2组口干、头痛、皮疹、胃肠道反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:痛泻四神汤能改善腹泻型肠易激综合征胃肠激素水平,改善临床症状,提高机体免疫力,提高疗效。 相似文献
10.
目的:观察苇茎汤合麻杏石甘汤加减联合半量激素治疗儿童毒热闭肺型难治性肺炎支原体肺炎的临床疗效。方法:120例患儿随机分为对照组和观察组,各60例。在基础治疗基础上,对照组给予连花清瘟颗粒+甲强尼龙(每次10 mg·kg-1,2次/日),观察组给予苇茎汤合麻杏石甘汤加减+甲强尼龙(每次10 mg·kg-1,1次/日),疗程均为14 d。观察两组治疗前后肺功能指标[最大通气量(MVV),呼气达峰时间(TPTEF),第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1),呼气达峰容积(VPTEF)],血浆心肌酶谱[肌酸激酶(CK),肌酸激酶同工酶(CKMB),乳酸脱氢酶(LDH),胫丁酸脱氢酶(HBDH)],免疫功能[免疫球蛋白G(IgG),免疫球蛋白M(IgM),红细胞免疫复合物(RBC-ICR),红细胞C3b受体(RBC-C3bR)],炎性因子[肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α),γ-干扰素(IFN-γ),白细胞介素-13(IL-13),白细胞介素-17A(IL-17A)],临床疗效和不良反应。结果:研究期间脱落4例。观察组总有效率96.6%(57/59),高于对照组的84.2%(48/57)(P<0.05)。与对照组治疗后比较,观察组MVV,TPTEF,FEV1,VPTEF,RBC-C3bR,IL-13升高(P<0.05);CK,CKMB,LDH,HBDH,IgG,IgM,RBC-ICR,TNF-α,IFN-γ和IL-17A降低(P<0.05)。观察组不良反应发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:苇茎汤合麻杏石甘汤加减联合半量激素可明显改善毒热闭肺型难治性肺炎支原体肺炎患儿的肺功能,心肌酶谱,免疫功能和炎性因子水平,不良反应发生率低。 相似文献