Hypoxia effects on vascular endothelial growth factor derived epithelial cells of nasal polyps]

OBJECTIVE: To understand the role of nasal mucous epithelial cells to hypoxia in early stage of nasal polyps(NP) formation. METHODS: Epithelial cells of NP and inferior turbinate (IT) were cultured without serum under normal oxygen and hypoxia, and stimulus of inflammatory cytokines. Erythropoietin (EPO) was regarded as hypoxia mark, and expression of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) mRNA and protein derived from epithelial cells were detected respectively by in situ hybridization and ELISA. RESULTS: 1. Under hypoxia, EPO mRNA was expressed intensely in epithelial cells from NP and IT, and there was no significant difference between both of them. This result suggested that EPO might be regarded as a hypoxic mark. 2. The ability of producing VEGF mRNA increased with cytokines stimulation, especially under hypoxia. Protein level of VEGF from epithelial cells of NP and IT increased with cytokines stimulation, especially in hypoxia and was time-dependent. CONCLUSION: Epithelial cells actively produce vast VEGF under hypoxia. The VEGF induced by hypoxia of the mucosa in middle meatus is of importance in the formation of nasal polyps(NP) in early stage, which may be the major cause of NP formation in middle meatus.     

结节性甲状腺肿合并其他甲状腺疾病临床分析

目的探讨结节性甲状腺肿合并其他甲状腺疾病的临床特点。方法回顾性分析我院手术治疗的4622例结节性甲状腺肿中并存其他甲状腺疾病的临床资料。结果4622例结节性甲状腺肿中700例合并其他甲状腺疾病，1418例存在不同的诊断失误。结论在诊断结节性甲状腺肿的同时应注意其合并的其他甲状腺疾病。     

神经根修复时间对脊髓前角运动神经元存活的影响

目的评价神经根修复时间对脊髓前角运动神经元存活的影响。方法采用大鼠颈。神经根性撕脱伤和椎孔外切断实验动物模型，根据动物神经根损伤类型和损伤后修复时间分为A、B、C、D四组，每组16只。A、C组分别将撕脱与切断的神经根即刻回植入脊髓和于椎孔外直接吻合，B、D组将撕脱和椎孔外切断的神经根旷置3周后再重复上述手术。分别于神经根撕脱和椎孔外切断术后3周、3个月、6个月取材。应用组织病理活检、免疫组化技术及神经示踪技术，对神经中枢及吻合口下段神经干检查，观察脊髓病理改变和轴突再生情况，进行A、B组和C、D组间对比。结果臂丛神经根性损伤即刻修复组脊髓前角运动神经元和尼氏体数目、形态、减少程度及周围再生神经纤维数目、发育程度均优于损伤后3周修复组。结论神经根早期修复对脊髓前角运动神经元有明确的保护作用，对外周神经再生有促进作用。     

细胞间黏附分子-1及白细胞介素-1β在脊髓缺血-再灌注损伤中的表达及其作用

目的　探讨细胞间黏附分子 - 1(ICAM - 1)及其调节因子白细胞介素 - 1β在脊髓缺血 -再灌注损伤中的表达和作用。　方法　建立大鼠急性脊髓缺血 -再灌注损伤模型 ,采用逆转录 -聚合酶链反应、免疫组化及免疫荧光激光共聚焦扫描显微镜技术 ,检测脊髓再灌注损伤血管内皮ICAM - 1mRNA和白细胞介素 - 1β(IL - 1β)mRNA表达量。　结果　正常对照组和单纯缺血组不引起细胞因子和黏附分子表达量的增加 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,而再灌注后缺血区细胞因子、黏附分子的表达及多形核白细胞 (PMN)浸润先后发生了改变。缺血 30min后再灌注 2h ,IL - 1βmRNA的表达量为 (1.0 76± 0 .330 )V ,约为正常对照组的 2倍 (P <0 .0 1) ;再灌注 6h达到高峰 ,并持续至 12h。I CAM - 1mRNA表达量于再灌注 4h为 (0 .94± 0 .12 )V (P <0 .0 1) ;再灌注 12h ,其单位微血管面积内ICAM - 1蛋白荧光强度约比单纯缺血组增加了 3倍 (P <0 .0 0 1)。　结论　脊髓缺血 -再灌注损伤时 ,ICAM - 1及其调节因子IL - 1β在继发性脊髓损伤过程中起重要作用。     

应用激光技术治疗痔—附1376例报告

本文较详细地介绍了应用激光技术即用CO_2及Nd:YAG激光手术刀治疗各种类型痔的临床观察。我院自1988年应用CO_2及Nd,YAG(以下简称激光手术刀)的技术治疗各种痔1376例均取得满意的治疗效果,治愈率达100％,并对有关问题进行探讨。     

急性非结石性胆囊炎病因和手术时机探讨

目的 探讨急性非结石性胆囊炎(ACC)发病原因和手术时机。方法 回顾性总结22例接受手术治疗的ACC病例，分析术前、术中影像学及术后病理检查结果。结果 22例中有9例(40．9％)发现胆固醇息肉、颗粒，或结晶。术中见胆囊穿孔5例(22．7％)。2例在胆总管内发现漂浮的微小结石。结论 胆囊内未被发现的微小结石可能是ACC发病的主要原因，ACC穿孔率高，应早期手术治疗。     

前列腺素E1对大鼠肝脏缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用

目的 探讨前列腺素E1（PGE1）对肝脏 因再灌注损伤的保护作用。方法 制作常温下大鼠部分肝叶缺血再灌注模型，于缺血前经门静脉给予PGE1，45min后恢复血流灌注，并于1h后取门静脉血测定血清谷草转氨酶（GOT）、谷丙转氨酶（GPT）、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、肿瘤坏死因子－α（TNF－α）及内皮素1（ET－1），同时取缺血肝叶行病理组织学检查。结果 缺血再灌注组GOT、GPT、LDH及TNF－α和ET－1均明显高于正常对照组，PGE1组则明显低于缺血再灌注组。PGE1组的肝脏病理组织学改变明显轻于缺血再灌注组，并接近正常对照组。结论 PGE1对肝缺血再灌注具有保护作用。     

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目的 探讨辅助检查在诊断亚急性甲状腺炎中的作用。方法 回顾分析372例亚急性甲状腺炎病人所做的各项辅助检查结果。结果 血沉，B超，彩色多普勒，甲状腺核素扫描，甲状腺吸^131I率测定，细针穿刺细胞学，TMA，TGA等项检查诊断本病的阳性率分别为93.75%,81.63%,95.62%,89.66%,69.70%,89.41%,13.46%和9.62%。T3，T4，TSH检查结果随着病程的进展变化较大。结论 血沉检查对诊断本病缺乏特异性；彩色多普勒，细针穿刺细胞学检查诊断率高，特异性强，是首选的检查手段；甲状腺核素扫描可以准确地反映甲状腺功能状态；检测血清中T3，T4，TSH水平可以协助诊断本病，判断疾病所处时期。     

Clinical and pathological analysis of 101 cases of ANCA-associated vasculitic kidney injury

Objective

To analyze the clinical and pathological features of patients with anti-neutrophilic cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitic (AASV)-kidney injury (AASVKI).

Methods

From January 2015 to December 2018, a total of 101 AASVKI patients treated in the First Hospital of Jilin University were divided into 2 groups (the pANCA-positive group and the cANCA-positive group) for comparison; 63 patients were performed renal biopsy and divided into 3 groups according to pathological results [the non-crescent nephritis group (non-C), the crescent nephritis group (C), and the sclerotic nephritis group (S)] for comparison.

Results

Compared with the Group pANCA, Group cANCA exhibited higher incidence of eye involvement (P?=?0.039) and skin mucosa destruction (P?=?0.045), higher serum creatinine (Scr) (P?<?0.001), higher 24-h urine protein quantification (P?=?0.045), but lower hemoglobin (Hb) (P?<?0.001). Compared with Group non-C, Group C had higher Scr (P?<?0.001) and urinary red blood cells (P?=?0.010), lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (P?=?0.003), hemoglobin (HD)-dependence (P?=?0.042), and higher mortality rate within 1 year (P?=?0.005); compared with Group S, Group C had faster onset of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (P?=?0.031), higher urinary red blood cells (P?=?0.029), and lower incidence of HD-dependence (P?=?0.038).

Conclusions

AASVKI patients with positive cANCA have poor renal function, among whom the patients with crescent type have poorer renal function than those with non-crescent type, have higher urinary red blood cells while lower HD-dependence than those with sclerotic type.

     

骨性关节炎发病机制的研究进展

骨性关节炎(osteoarthritis,OA)是最常见的关节疾病之一。随着中国社会跨入老龄化时代,OA发病率逐年升高,对于其发病机制的研究也受到研究人员不断重视。研究发现,以白细胞介素1β(interle ukin-1β,IL-1β)和肿瘤坏死因子α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)为主的炎症细胞因子是组建起OA炎症网络的罪魁祸首。并且发现以基质金属蛋白酶(matrix metalloproteinase,MMPs)和含血小板反应蛋白基序的解聚素样金属蛋白酶(a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs,ADAMTS)为主的蛋白酶过度表达,是造成OA软骨缺如的直接原因。此外,基质细胞衍生因子-1 (stromal cell derived factor-1,SDF-1)和Wnt等信号通路,软骨细胞衰老与衰老相关分泌表型(senescence-associated secretory phenotype,SASP),软骨细胞凋亡与自噬,雌激素等均在OA发病中发挥了重要作用。本文广泛查阅了近几年与OA发病机制有关的研究文献,从分子层次与细胞层次两方面对OA发病机制进行了系统阐述。并且于文末谈论预测了未来OA临床诊疗中的一些潜在方向。