临床护理路径在学龄期患儿手术一日住院中的运用

目的为了减少手术治疗对在校学龄期患儿学习的影响,尝试实行了手术一日住院制度,并将临床护理路径运用其中。方法对手术一日住院的患儿(实验组)实施临床护理路径,同期普通手术住院患儿(对照组)给予传统的手术治疗护理,对二者的治疗护理效果进行比较,并对家长发放问卷进行调查。结果实验组在缩短住院日,降低医疗费用,提高满意度,掌握健康教育知识方面均优于对照组。结论在小儿外科小手术一日住院制度实施过程中运用临床护理路径,能够得到预期治疗护理效果,满足了学龄期患儿的实际需求,值得推广,是与国际先进医疗护理水平接轨的体现。     

甘肃省学龄期儿童自我意识水平及其影响因素分析

【目的】 了解甘肃省学龄期儿童自我意识的发展水平及其影响因素,为针对性地开展学龄儿童心理发展指导与教育提供参考依据。 【方法】 分层随机整群抽取甘肃省6市县5 435名在校中小学生,采用儿童自我意识量表(Piers-Harris Children's Self-concept Scale,PHCSS)进行调查分析与评价。 【结果】 甘肃省学龄期儿童自我意识总体水平显著低于全国城市常模(P<0.01);女生行为、智力与学校情况、合群、幸福与满足因子及总分显著高于男生(P<0.01);城市儿童自我意识各因子及总分均高于农村儿童(P<0.01);多因素分析表明,学龄儿童自我意识的主要影响因素有父母文化程度、母亲职业、学习成绩、师生关系、同学关系。 【结论】 儿童自我意识的发展与经济、社会发展水平有关,家庭与学校环境是其重要的影响因素。学龄期儿童的自我意识培养是儿童成长过程中的一项重要发展任务。     

农村地区学龄儿童感觉统合失调调查

【目的】 了解四川省农村学龄儿童感觉统合失调现状,以期为农村儿童心理健康教育提供依据。 【方法】 采用分层整群抽样的方法抽取研究对象,并采用问卷调查目标人群,将调查结果与国内其他地区结果进行分析。 【结果】 四川省农村地区儿童感觉统合失调率为29.5%,低于国内大部分其他地区的研究结果,且差异有统计学意义。男童各等级失调率均高于女童,差异有统计学意义,这与其余各地区的研究结果一致。 【结论】 四川省农村地区的学龄儿童感觉统合失调率低于国内其他学者的研究结果,但与20世纪国外报道的感觉统合失调的发生率相比,仍属于较高的水平。故对于经济条件较差、文化教育水平较低的农村地区儿童应给予更多的关注。     

规律锻炼咏春拳操与学龄儿童体重控制相关性分析

目的:探究规律锻炼咏春拳操与学龄儿童体重控制的相关性.方法:选取2020年1—12月于鹤山市人民医院社区卫生服务中心参与健康体检的小学1～5年级在校寄膳的超重学龄儿童300名为研究对象,将其随机分为实验组和对照组,对照组给予合理膳食指导干预,实验组在合理膳食的基础上加以规律锻炼咏春拳操的运动干预,两组学龄儿童均正常参加...     

103例学龄期儿童拔毛癖皮肤镜表现

目的:总结学龄期儿童拔毛癖患者皮肤镜表现.方法:回顾性研究2017年6月至2021年6月于我院诊治的103例拔毛癖患者临床资料.结果:103例患者中,男51例,女52例,平均年龄(10.20±2.75)岁.拔发部位位于头顶部(48.5％),单侧颞部(28.2％),双侧颞部(15.5％),额部(20.4％),枕部(5.8...     

Cluttering symptoms in school-age children by communicative context: A preliminary investigation

Abstract

Purpose: The objective of this study was to compare the symptoms of cluttering among school-age children who do and do not clutter in the contexts of monologue, conversation and expository discourse.

Method: A matched pairs design was used to compare cluttering symptoms according to the Lowest Common Denominator (LCD) definition of cluttering, a definition representing the core speech and fluency characteristics of cluttering agreed upon among experts. Cluttering symptoms (over-coarticulated words, normal disfluencies, abnormal pauses) in eight school-aged males with cluttering were compared to eight controls matched by sex and grade level in school. Symptoms were compared in the speech contexts of conversation, monologue and expository discourse.

Result: Regardless of the speaking context, significantly more over-coarticulated words were found in children with cluttering (CWC) as compared to controls. Significantly more normal disfluencies were produced by CWC during monologue only.

Conclusion: Study findings confirm increased over-coarticulation and normal disfluencies in specific speaking contexts in CWC when compared to controls. These findings provide the premise for clinical implications for cluttering assessment and diagnosis. Findings also provide the basis for further investigation of the validity of the LCD’s symptom of abnormal pausing for accurate diagnosis of people who clutter.     

甘肃省14-20岁学龄青少年网络行为与信息安全意识调查分析

通过对甘肃省14-20岁学龄青少年使用互联网的行为特征与信息安全意识抽样调查,分析了其网络行为及信息安全意识的原因,并提出了相应对策,以正确引导青少年有效利用网络资源,树立网络信息安全与防范意识。     

云南德宏跨境地区学龄儿童营养KAP调查

[目的]了解云南省德宏州跨境地区学龄儿童营养知识、态度、行为(KAP)现状,探讨营养改善计划实施过程中存在的问题,并提出相应建议。[方法]采用整群随机抽样法和非概率目的抽样法抽取3个县3所跨境学生人数较多的跨边境小学,对3所小学4~6年级的全体学生进行营养KAP问卷调查。[结果]共调查1341名学生,其中营养知识得分中位数为8,仅14.4%的学生回答满分。94.3%的学生认为应该学习营养知识,开展营养健康课的学校学生营养态度好于不开展营养健康课的学生(P<0.05)。80.5%的学生每天吃三餐,14.4%的学生直接饮用自来水,26.3%的学生每周吃4~6次零食,仅20.5%的学生吃饭时不剩饭。[结论]国籍和民族对学生营养知识掌握情况无明显影响。学生对于学习营养健康知识积极性高,但仍存在部分营养知识知晓率低以及不健康的饮食习惯,学校仍需加强营养健康教育。学校应结合地方特色和营养要求,提高营养餐的多样化和口味。     

Profiling oral narrative ability in young school-aged children

This study aimed to determine if oral narrative comprehension and production measures derived in a fictional story retelling task could be used to create a profile of strengths and weaknesses in oral narrative ability (Profile of Oral Narrative Ability: PONA) in young school-aged children. The story retelling task was field-tested with 169 typically developing children, aged between 5;0 and 7;6 years. Children listened twice to an unfamiliar story while looking at the pictures in a book. Comprehension questions were asked after the first exposure. Following the second exposure, children were asked to retell the story without the use of the pictures. Story retellings were analysed on measures of semantics, morphosyntax, verbal productivity, and narrative quality. Results indicated sensitivity for age on measures of comprehension, narrative quality, semantics, and verbal productivity, but not for morphosyntactic measures. Factor analysis indicated that oral narrative performance comprised three factors, explaining more than 80% of the variance. Two clinical case examples are presented, which show the potential of the PONA to reveal different patterns of strengths and weaknesses across the oral narrative measures. Although early evidence suggests the potential usefulness of the PONA, further research is now needed to test the validity, reliability and clinical application of this tool.