Outcome of combination chemotherapy in extensive stage small-cell lung cancer: Any treatment related progress?

During the past two decades many different treatment regimens of combination chemotherapy have been applied in extensive stage small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). This study was carried out to identify whether these modifications have resulted in an improved overall survival for extensive stage during the past two decades. In total, 1111 patients with extensive stage SCLC were included in six consecutive randomised trials in our setting from 1973 until 1992. Of these, 526 patients treated in the early period (1973–1981) were compared with 585 patients treated in the late period (1981–1992) with respect to pretreatment prognostic factors, staging, treatment and outcome. No change in the distribution of prognostic factors was detected and the frequency of patients with extensive stage was equal in the two periods, and no difference in overall response rates and survival was observed (P=0.49). Median survival in the two periods was 208 days and 215 days, respectively. No stage migration or treatment-related improved outcome was observed in extensive disease. We suggest restricting aggressive treatment to patients with favorable prognosis and long-term survival as a realistic aim.     

In situ and immunocytochemical localization of E-FABP mRNA and protein during neuronal migration and differentiation in the rat brain

The present study compares the temporal-spatial expression and tissue localization of the rat epidermal type fatty acid binding protein (E-FABP) (DA11/C-FABP/S-FABP/LEBP/KLBP) in the developing rat central nervous system (CNS). In situ hybridization (ISH) and immunocytochemistry (ICC) studies demonstrate that mRNA E-FABP and protein are expressed at high levels during neurogenesis, neuronal migration, and terminal differentiation. Migrating pyramidal cells in the cerebral cortex, Purkinje cells and deep nuclear neurons in the cerebellum, and neurons in the olfactory bulb and retina exhibited a strong E-FABP-like immunoreactivity (E-FABP-LI) throughout the entire process of differentiation and migration. The levels of E-FABP mRNA and protein were dramatically higher in prenatal and early postnatal neurons, as compared to adult neurons. The E-FABP antibody immunoreacted with growing neurites, and nuclear and cytoplasmic regions of neurons. The intracellular multiregional pattern of localization of E-FABP and its differential temporal expression during development, are consistent with its proposed role in transporting long chain free fatty acids and/or other hydrophobic ligands during neuronal differentiation and axon growth.     

Effects of remifentanil on neutrophil adhesion, transmigration, and intercellular adhesion molecule expression

BACKGROUND: Anaesthetic drugs are used for pain therapy and anaesthesia. Neutrophils play a significant role during the process of inflammation. The aim of the current study was to investigate the effects of remifentanil and fentanyl on neutrophil migration through endothelial cell monolayers, and on adhesion molecule expression. METHODS: After isolation of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNL) we used a currently described migration assay. PMNL and/or endothelial cell monolayers (ECM) were pre-treated with remifentanil using clinically relevant, as well as higher and lower concentrations or relevant concentrations of fentanyl. RESULTS: Concentrations of remifentanil (50 ng/mL) similar to the relevant plasma concentration were able to inhibit PMNL migration through ECM significantly (migration compared to the control 82+/-7% SD; P<0.05), when both cell types were treated with the synthetic narcotic remifentanil. Fentanyl (30 ng/mL) showed a stronger inhibitory effect (migration compared to the control 67+/-9.2%; P<0.05). Endothelial cell adhesion molecule expression was reduced after either remifentanil or fentanyl. CONCLUSION: The results of the present investigation indicate that remifentanil influences interaction of ECM against human neutrophils. Compared to fentanyl, remifentanil seems to exhibit minor inhibitory effects on neutrophil migration.     

人视网膜色素上皮细胞在电场中定向移行的实验研究

目的:观察外源性电场对培养人视网膜色素上皮humanretinalpigmentepithelial,hRPE)细胞移行方向及细胞内肌动蛋白表达的影响。方法:培养于DMEM+100g/LFBS的hRPE细胞暴露于强度为6V/cm的电场中,未暴露于电场的细胞作为对照。观察并记录2h中每隔15min细胞移行的变化图像,测量细胞移行距离、细胞移行方向及其与场线间夹角。2h后采用间接免疫荧光法检测实验组与对照组细胞内肌动蛋白表达情况。SPSS10.0及Image-ProPlus5.0软件处理结果。结果:未暴露于电场中的hRPE细胞在观察期间呈无序移行,2h后细胞分布未见特殊变化,细胞内肌动蛋白有弱阳性表达。细胞暴露于电场30min后开始出现阴极方向的移行趋势,大部分细胞长轴趋向垂直于场线方向排列。细胞的移行表现为移行速度和移行方向的一致性均随时间延长而增加(P<0.05)。暴露于电场2h后,大部分细胞内肌动蛋白表达阳性,且多集中分布于细胞质内朝向电场阴极一侧。结论:外加电场可诱导hRPE细胞向电场阴极方向定向移行,同时伴有细胞内肌动蛋白阳性表达及定向分布。电场对细胞的作用与暴露时间成正相关。视网膜脱离后的内源性电场的存在可能参与并诱导了RPE细胞的定向移行。     

3种方法对外伤松动或脱位牙固定的临床疗效评价

目的比较金属丝结扎法、牙弓夹板法和钢丝-釉质粘合剂法3种松牙固定方法在外伤严重松动或脱位牙固定中的疗效,探索一种更有效而实用的松动牙或脱位牙固定方法.方法选择口腔科门诊因外伤导致牙齿Ⅱ～Ⅲ度松动或牙完全脱位的病人87例共计101颗患牙,随机采用金属丝结扎法、牙弓夹板法及钢丝-釉质粘合剂法进行固定,观察疗效.结果在使用钢丝-釉质粘合剂法进行固定的患牙中,治疗结果良好率为83%,有效率达到94%,与其他两组间疗效相比有显著性差异（χ2=12.57、16.99,P〈0.01）.结论钢丝-釉质粘合剂固定法是一种无牙周刺激性,更清洁美观,更高效的松动牙或脱位牙固定方法.     

城乡二元户籍制度下的我国劳动力市场分析

分析户口迁移政策改革的成本与收益 ,对我国劳动力市场跨地区流动进行了实证分析 ,认为实现劳动力的自由迁移不仅符合政府部门的利益而且可以减少城乡收入差距 ,实现政府的目标     

Jararhagin, a snake venom metalloproteinase-disintegrin, stimulates epithelial cell migration in an in vitro restitution model

The snake venom metalloproteinase-disintegrin jararhagin (JG) has no chemotactic activity but stimulates the migration of neutrophils in vivo through a mechanism still unclear. In this study we investigated the effects of jararhagin on epithelial cell adhesion and migration in vitro. F-actin arrangement and the distribution of laminin, fibronectin, several integrins and phosphorylated Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK) were studied using rhodamine–phalloidin and immunofluorescence. Maximum stimulation of migration (about 100%) was obtained with 5 μg/ml JG, with about 38% inhibition of cellular adhesion. In migratory cells the toxin stimulated the formation of filopodia, lamellipodia and stress fibers. The pericellular fibronectin matrix was lost in migrating cells, while laminin was less affected. The toxin stimulated FAK phosphorylation and the recruitment of v-containing integrins to focal contacts, whereas integrins containing the 2 subunit were reduced in these junctions. Inactivation of the toxin with 1,10 phenanthroline showed that the catalytic activity is important for the effect of jararhagin on cell migration, FAK phosphorylation and for the recruitment of v, but not as much for the anti-adhesive effect. In conclusion, jararhagin stimulates the migration of epithelial cells in vitro through a mechanism that involves its proteolytic activity, qualitative changes in cellular adhesion and the formation of actin-rich cellular processes.     

补骨脂对体外黑素细胞黏附和迁移的作用

目的 :研究补骨脂对黑素细胞黏附和迁移的影响。方法 :用补骨脂处理黑素细胞 ,检测其黏附于牛血清纤维结合素和通过微孔滤膜的细胞数量并与生姜和未经药物处理的黑素细胞比较。结果 :补骨脂可显著促进黑素细胞黏附于牛血清纤维结合素和通过微孔滤膜并呈剂量依赖关系 ,但当补骨脂浓度超过 0.2mg·L^-1时这种作用未见增加。补骨脂浓度在 0.01mg·L^-1时 ,黑素细胞黏附并无显著增加 ,但对迁移的影响已可见统计学差异 (P <0.01)。生姜则不具有这样的作用。结论 :在体外 ,补骨脂能明显促进黑素细胞的黏附和迁移 ,这至少可以部分解释应用补骨脂治疗白癜风是有效的。     

Calpastatin participates in the regulation of cell migration in BAP1-deficient uveal melanoma cells

AIM: To detect how BRCA-associated protein 1 (BAP1) regulates cell migration in uveal melanoma (UM) cells. METHODS: Wound healing and transwell assays were performed to detect UM cell migration abilities. Protein chip, immunoprecipitations and surface plasmon resonance analyses were applied to identify BAP1 protein partners. Western blot and calpain activity assays were used to test the expression and function of calpastatin (CAST). RESULTS: CAST protein was confirmed as a new BAP1 protein partner, and loss of BAP1 reduced the expression and function of CAST in UM cells. The overexpression of CAST rescued the cell migration phenotype caused by BAP1 loss. CONCLUSION: BAP1 interacts with CAST in UM cells, and CAST and its subsequent calpain pathway may mediate BAP1-related cell migration regulation.     

Directing cell migration using micropatterned and dynamically adhesive polymer brushes

Micropatterning techniques, such as photolithography and microcontact printing, provide robust tools for controlling the adhesive interactions between cells and their extracellular environment. However, the ability to modify these interactions in real time and examine dynamic cellular responses remains a significant challenge. Here we describe a novel strategy to create dynamically adhesive, micropatterned substrates, which afford precise control of cell adhesion and migration over both space and time. Specific functionalization of micropatterned poly(ethylene glycol methacrylate) (POEGMA) brushes with synthetic peptides, containing the integrin-binding arginine–glycine–aspartic acid (RGD) motif, was achieved using thiol–yne coupling reactions. RGD activation of POEGMA brushes promoted fibroblast adhesion, spreading and migration into previously non-adhesive areas, and migration speed could be tuned by adjusting the surface ligand density. We propose that this technique is a robust strategy for creating dynamically adhesive biomaterial surfaces and a useful assay for studying cell migration.