黄芪汤加减治疗急性加重期慢性阻塞性肺疾病疗效研究

摘 要 目的:探讨黄芪汤加减治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期（AECOPD）的临床疗效。方法:采用随机数字表法将166例AECOPD患者随机分为常规组和观察组各83例。常规组采用常规西医方法治疗，观察组在常规组的基础上给予黄芪汤加减治疗。观察两组治疗前后第1秒用力呼气量（FEV1）、用力肺活量（FVC）、FEV1占FVC的百分比（FEV1/FVC％）、动脉血氧分压（PaO2）、动脉血二氧化碳分压（PaCO2）、肿瘤坏死因子 α（TNF α）、白细胞介素 1β（IL 1β）、白细胞介素 6（IL 6）水平。结果:两组治疗后FEV1、FEV1/FVC、PaO2水平与治疗前相比较均显著升高（P＜0.05），且观察组与同期常规组相比较均显著升高（P＜0.05）；两组治疗后PaCO2、TNF α、IL 1β、IL 6水平与治疗前相比较均显著降低（P＜0.05），且观察组与同期常规组相比较均显著降低（P＜0.05）。结论:黄芪汤加减治疗AECOPD可降低患者炎症反应水平，改善动脉血气和肺功能，提高治疗效果，值得临床应用。     

OSA相关性高血压患者的隐匿性及降压思路探讨

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征(OSA)是高血压的独立危险因素,因其作为病因易被忽视,故OSA相关性高血压患者常被漏诊而贻误治疗。采用《高血压患者睡眠呼吸暂停认知调研表》了解高血压患者对OSA的认知情况;通过分析OSA相关性高血压的隐匿性、临床特点及相关发病机制,探讨该病的降压思路。认为对此类患者在尝试生活方式调摄降压效果不佳后,应建议其暂缓选择西药直接降压,尝试优先选择中药缓解OSA症状,同时采用持续气道正压通气(CPAP)改善通气状况,从而调节血压、恢复血压的正常昼夜节律。     

3,5-O-二咖啡酰基奎宁酸的制备及其对HeLa细胞的抗增殖活性研究

目的 制备高纯度3，5-O-二咖啡酰基奎宁酸，并评价其对人宫颈癌HeLa细胞的抗增殖活性。方法 采用柱色谱提取法和中压液相色谱法从奇蒿花中分离、纯化得到高纯度的3，5-O-二咖啡酰基奎宁酸。采用MTT法评价该化合物对人宫颈癌HeLa细胞的体外抗增殖活性。结果 柱色谱提取的提取率和中压液相色谱法的回收率分别为99.0%，61.2%，总回收率为54.0%。随着3，5-O-二咖啡酰基奎宁酸浓度升高，HeLa细胞存活率下降，细胞形态损伤增加，受试药物的IC₅₀值为26.5µg·mL^-1。结论 本研究提供了一种简单、高效、节能的3，5-O-二咖啡酰基奎宁酸制备方法。3，5-O-二咖啡酰基奎宁酸对HeLa细胞具有一定的体外抗增殖活性。     

The effects of dynamic compressive loading on human mesenchymal stem cell osteogenesis in the stiff layer of a bilayer hydrogel

Bilayer hydrogels with a soft cartilage‐like layer and a stiff bone‐like layer embedded with human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are promising for osteochondral tissue engineering. The goals of this work were to evaluate the effects of dynamic compressive loading (2.5% applied strain, 1 Hz) on osteogenesis in the stiff layer and spatially map local mechanical responses (strain, stress, hydrostatic pressure, and fluid velocity). A bilayer hydrogel was fabricated from soft (24 kPa) and stiff (124 kPa) poly (ethylene glycol) hydrogels. With hMSCs embedded in the stiff layer, osteogenesis was delayed under loading evident by lower OSX and OPN expressions, alkaline phosphatase activity, and collagen content. At Day 28, mineral deposits were present throughout the stiff layer without loading but localized centrally and near the interface under loading. Local strains mapped by particle tracking showed substantial equivalent strain (~1.5%) transferring to the stiff layer. When hMSCs were cultured in stiff single‐layer hydrogels subjected to similar strains, mineralization was inhibited. Finite element analysis revealed that hydrostatic pressures ≥~600 Pa correlated to regions lacking mineralization in both hydrogels. Fluid velocities were low (~1–10 nm/s) in the hydrogels with no apparent correlation to mineralization. Mineralization was recovered by inhibiting ERK1/2, indicating cell‐mediated inhibition. These findings suggest that high strains (~1.5%) combined with higher hydrostatic pressures negatively impact osteogenesis, but in a manner that depends on the magnitude of each mechanical response. This work highlights the importance of local mechanical responses in mediating osteogenesis of hMSCs in bilayer hydrogels being studied for osteochondral tissue engineering.     

高通量血液透析和低通量血液透析不同模式对老年维持性血液透析患者血压的影响

目的 观察高通量血液透析(HFHD)与低通量血液透析(LFHD)的不同模式运用到老年患者维持性血液透析(MHD)中对其血压的影响。方法 选择2015年2月—2017年10月本院治疗的MHD老年患者74例,先为其施LFHD 3个月,再为其辅以3个月的HFHD,3次/周,4 h/次,对比不同透析模式对患者血压的影响。结果 实施HFHD后患者的平均动脉压(MAP)有所降低,在第3 h与第4 h透析后,血压把控优于LFHD(P<0.05)。结论 对于MHD老年患者来说,实施HFHD是优良的透析方法。     

Fluctuaciones de presión intraocular en pacientes operados con implante de implantable collamer lens (ICL V4c). Seguimiento a 3 meses

IntroductionFluctuating elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) is one of the complications of an implantable collamer lens (ICL), and its alteration is a predictive factor for the development of glaucoma.Material and methodsA prospective, cross-sectional analytic study was conducted on patients suitable for ICL implantation. Complete clinical and biometric work-ups were performed, as well as night-time IOP curve, in supine position, with 4 determinations, in order to assess fluctuation, considering abnormal with a value higher than 5 mmHg. Patients underwent surgery with conventional technique and three months after the work-ups were repeated, including a night-time IOP curve to assess any changes in IOP fluctuations.ResultsA total of 31 eyes of 16 patients were studied. Mean IOP fluctuation in the preoperative assessment was 3.35 ± 2 mmHg, whereas the postoperative mean was 3.0 ± 2.2 mmHg, with the difference not being statistically significant. Visual acuity and capacity, as well as spheric equivalent did show a statistically significant improvement. There were 6 cases of complications, which were related to a higher vault and a greater ICL size. There was no relationship between these findings and the angle grade, pigment, and the level of training of the surgeon.ConclusionsThe effect of an ICL on IOP fluctuations, has been studied for the first time, which was found to be not statistically significant. As in previous publications, the procedure was safe and reproducible, adding the fact that the level of training of the surgeon is not a determining factor in these findings.     

鼻塞式同步间歇正压通气(NIPPV)联合布地奈德雾化治疗新生儿急性呼吸窘迫综合征疾病的临床应用研究

目的:分析鼻塞式同步间歇正压通气(NIPPV)联合布地奈德雾化治疗ARDS(新生儿急性呼吸窘迫综合征)疾病的临床应用效果。方法:纳入病例是2017年5月—2019年11月收治的104例ARDS新生儿,随机平均分为两组。参照组52例采纳CPAP(持续气道正压通气通气)治疗,实验组52例采纳NIPPV+布地奈德雾化治疗,对比两组呼吸机通气时间、用氧时间、住院时间、血气指标以及并发症发生情况。结果:实验组呼吸机通气时间、用氧时间、住院时间均明显短于参照组,差异有统计学意义P<0.05;实验组治疗3 d后PaCO2明显低于参照组,实验组治疗3 d后PH以及PaO2明显高于参照组,差异有统计学意义P<0.05;实验组并发症发生率(3.85%,2/52)明显低于参照组(21.15%,11/52),差异有统计学意义P<0.05。结论:NIPPV+布地奈德雾化可有效缩短ARDS患者机械通气时间,改善血气指标,降低并发症发生率,值得借鉴。     

天麻钩藤汤加减治疗肝阳上亢型原发性高血压疗效观察及对神经递质节律的影响

目的:观察天麻钩藤汤加减治疗原发性高血压肝阳上亢型患者的临床治疗效果及对神经递质节律影响。方法:选取2017年1月至2018年1月郑州市第六人民医院收治的原发性高血压肝阳上亢型患者100例作为研究对象,将达到病例选择范围的93例患者按照治疗药物不同分为对照组(n=44)和观察组(n=49)。对照组采取西药基础治疗,观察组采用西药基础治疗+天麻钩藤汤加减治疗。疗程结束后,观察2组血压水平、神经递质节律、中医症状积分。结果:1)观察组晨起平均收缩压、24 h平均收缩压、夜间平均收缩压、晨起平均舒张压、夜间平均舒张压、24 h平均舒张压明显低于对照组(P<0.05);2)观察组神经肽Y、神经元特异性烯醇化酶、血管加压素、强啡肽-A显著低于对照组(P<0.05),P物质、脑源性神经营养因子显著高于对照组(P<0.05);3)观察组甘氨酸、γ-氨基丁酸显著低于对照组(P<0.05),天冬氨酸、谷氨酸显著高于对照组(P<0.05);4)观察组治疗后中医症状总积分显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:针对原发性高血压肝阳上亢型患者,在西药治疗基础上,增加天麻钩藤汤加减治疗,能够有效促进患者神经递质节律的恢复,调节血压,同时对降低中医症状积分,值得临床推广应用。