致心律失常性右室心肌病患者Epsilon波的检出率

Objective To investigate the prevalence of Epsilon wave in patients with arrhythmogenic right ventrieular cardiomyopathy (ARVC). Methods The Epsilon wave was detected in 32 patients [24 men, mean age (42.3±13.3) years] with ARVC using three different electrocardiography (ECG) recording methods: standard twelve leads ECG (S-ECG), right precordial leads ECG (R-ECG) and Fontaine bipolar precordiai leads ECG (F-ECG). The Epsilon wave was defined as wiggle, small spike wave and smooth potential between the end of the QRS complex and the beginning of the ST segment. Results Epsilon wave was detected in 37.5%, 37.5% and 50.0% patients with ARVC by S-ECG, R-ECG and F-ECG respectively. The detection rates derived from the three recording methods were similar(P ＞ 0.05). The Epsilon wave was only detectable by S-ECG in one case, by R-ECG in three cases, and by F-ECG in five cases. The detection rate of Epsilon wave was 50.0% by combined use of S-ECG and R-ECG (SR-ECG), 56.3% by combined use of S-ECG and F-ECG (SF-ECG), and 65.6% by combined use of the three recording methods (SRF-ECG). The detection rate was significantly higher by SF-ECG (56.3%) and SRF-ECG (65.6%) than by S-ECG alone (37.5%, all P ＜0.05). Most Epsilon waves detected by the S-ECG, R-ECG and F-ECG were small spiked waves. Conclusion Combined use of S-ECG, F-ECG and R-ECG could increase the detection rate of Epsilon wave in patients with ARVC.     

胃癌全胃切除术后Roux肠袢运动变化的研究

目的通过对胃癌全胃切除、食管空肠Roux-Y吻合术后患者进行Roux空肠袢动力测定，探讨RouxY综合征的发病机制。方法全胃切除、Roux-Y食管空肠重建术后6～12个月，通过7通道测压导管监测Roux空肠袢在消化间期及消化期的压力变化。结果Roux肠袢消化间期缺乏移行性复合运动波（MMC）Ⅲ相活动，呈逆行传播或出现非传播性压力活动暴发群等，多数患者消化间期向消化期运动转换障碍。结论Roux肠袢运动紊乱，可能与患者术后发生Roux～Y综合征有关。     

急诊电视胸腔镜诊治刀刺伤所致血气胸

目的 探讨急诊应用胸腔镜诊治胸部刀刺伤所致血气胸的手术方法及其优势.方法 分析对21例胸部刀刺伤所致的血气胸行急诊电视胸腔镜探查手术.结果 全组内镜或小切口下缝合肺裂伤23例次,肋间血管出血止血17例次,扩大心包切口并缝合损伤心肌1例次.单纯膈肌损伤修补2例次,合并腹腔脏器损伤经小切口下止血或修补4例次.手术操作时间平均单侧45.6分钟,双侧110.5分钟.本组无手术死亡,无胸部严重并发症发生.术后胸引流管平均拔管时间为2.2天,单纯血气胸术后平均5.8天出院.随访生活质量良好.结论 电视胸腔镜手术是诊断和治疗刀刺伤所致血气胸的一种有效的方法.     

致心律失常性右室心肌病患者Epsilon波的检出率

Objective To investigate the prevalence of Epsilon wave in patients with arrhythmogenic right ventrieular cardiomyopathy (ARVC). Methods The Epsilon wave was detected in 32 patients [24 men, mean age (42.3±13.3) years] with ARVC using three different electrocardiography (ECG) recording methods: standard twelve leads ECG (S-ECG), right precordial leads ECG (R-ECG) and Fontaine bipolar precordiai leads ECG (F-ECG). The Epsilon wave was defined as wiggle, small spike wave and smooth potential between the end of the QRS complex and the beginning of the ST segment. Results Epsilon wave was detected in 37.5%, 37.5% and 50.0% patients with ARVC by S-ECG, R-ECG and F-ECG respectively. The detection rates derived from the three recording methods were similar(P ＞ 0.05). The Epsilon wave was only detectable by S-ECG in one case, by R-ECG in three cases, and by F-ECG in five cases. The detection rate of Epsilon wave was 50.0% by combined use of S-ECG and R-ECG (SR-ECG), 56.3% by combined use of S-ECG and F-ECG (SF-ECG), and 65.6% by combined use of the three recording methods (SRF-ECG). The detection rate was significantly higher by SF-ECG (56.3%) and SRF-ECG (65.6%) than by S-ECG alone (37.5%, all P ＜0.05). Most Epsilon waves detected by the S-ECG, R-ECG and F-ECG were small spiked waves. Conclusion Combined use of S-ECG, F-ECG and R-ECG could increase the detection rate of Epsilon wave in patients with ARVC.     

ⅠB~ⅢA期非小细胞肺癌患者手术切除+辅助化疗后阿特珠单抗治疗的临床研究评价

1文献来源Felip E,Altorki N,Zhou C,et al.Adjuvant atezolizumab after adjuvant chemotherapy in resected stageⅠB-ⅢA non-small-cell lung cancer(IMpower010):A randomised,multicentre,open-label,phase 3 trial[J].Lancet,2021,398(10308):1344-1357.2证据水平1b。3背景约50%新确诊的非小细胞肺癌(non-small-cell lung cancer,NSCLC)患者为局限性(Ⅰ期或Ⅱ期)或局部晚期(Ⅲ期)。     

非接触标测对于典型心房扑动的标测、消融和电生理机制的新认识

目的介绍非接触标测对于典型心房扑动(简称房扑,AFL)的标测、消融和电生理机制的新认识.方法 9例典型AFL,男性7例,女性2例.使用非接触标测对窦律时峡部的双向传导、AFL时的折返激动序列进行详细标测,在导航系统指导下完成后位峡部线性消融,然后验证峡部双向传导阻滞.结果 (1)1例为顺钟向AFL,7均为逆钟向AFL,1例未能诱发AFL,所有AFL平均心房心动周期(215±36)ms;(2)非接触标测三维显示AFL在右房内的整个折返环及其与解剖结构的三维关系;(3)激动可以穿过界嵴上部并且传导相对缓慢,提示右心房平滑部是折返环的一部分;(4)非接触标测可直观显示复发病例的消融线缺口,并直接导航消融;(5)1例术中出现心房颤动,1例因不能耐受消融所致胸痛放弃手术,其余7例即刻均达到峡部双向阻滞,随访12～36月未见复发.结论非接触标测系统可直观再现典型AFL的完整折返环及其与右房解剖结构的关系,确认折返机制,对复发病例可发现消融线裂隙并导航消融.同时发现激动可横向穿过界嵴并且速度缓慢.     

非开胸法建立持续性单形性室性心动过速动物模型的研究

探讨运用经皮球囊冠状动脉成形术 (PTCA)球囊堵闭猪冠状动脉造成急性心肌梗死 (AMI)后数周建立持续性单形性室性心动过速 (VT)的非开胸法动物模型的方法。猪 1 3只 ,体重 30± 5kg ,运用PTCA球囊堵闭猪左前降支(LAD)形成AMI。存活猪在AMI后数周内进行心室程序电刺激诱发持续性单形性VT ,观察VT诱发、终止的方式及VT诱发的时间窗等。结果 :9/ 1 3只猪形成AMI,经左心室造影及心脏超声检查证实左室心尖、前间隔、左室前壁室壁瘤形成。术后 2～ 2 0周内 9只猪接受平均 1～ 2次电生理检查 ,运用程序电刺激方法 ,8只猪共成功诱发出 1 6种单形性持续性VT ,1只猪仅诱发出非持续性短阵VT。VT周长为 2 54± 65ms ,持续时间 1 8± 1 6min,最长达 62min。程序电刺激和直流电复律可终止VT ,1 0种VT表现为室房分离 ,6种VT室房均为 1∶1逆传 ;9种呈左束支阻滞型 ,7种呈右束支阻滞型。结论 :运用PTCA球囊堵闭冠状动脉造成MI后室壁瘤形成 ,通过程序电刺激的方法可成功建立持续性单形性VT非开胸动物模型 ,成功率较高 ,VT诱发的时间窗长。     

心房颤动射频导管消融术后迟发性大量血胸一例

射频导管消融在心房颤动(房颤)治疗中的地位逐步提高,其中环肺静脉口外线性消融是目前的主流术式之一.该术式围术期间的相关并发症大多数已经被大家熟知,如穿刺部位出血、血肿、动静脉瘘、心脏压塞,脑栓塞,气胸和左心房食管瘘等,本文报道1例房颤导管消融术后迟发性大量血性胸腔积液.     

环肺静脉口外线性消融治疗心房颤动术后房性心律失常的随访研究

目的通过随访探讨心房颤动(房颤)射频消融术后近期房性心律失常发作对远期成功率的影响,并探讨发生机制。方法2004年4月至2005年9月共入选52例房颤患者,男性44例,女性8例,年龄24～67(52．6±12．0)岁,病程2-280(35．8±37)个月。其中42例为阵发性房颤,10例为持续性房颤,所有患者均有房颤发作的心电图。13例合并原发性高血压,2例合并房间隔缺损,2例为峡部依赖型心房扑动消融术后,余均无器质性心脏病。所有患者在建立En- Site-NavX左心房几何构型后,于肺静脉口外0．5～1．0 cm处环左侧和右侧肺静脉设置消融线。盐水灌注消融导管于系统导航下沿拟定的消融线逐点消融至肺静脉电位消失。阵发性房颤患者均每日服用普罗帕酮450 mg,培哚普利4 mg,共3个月;持续性房颤患者服用胺碘酮第1周0．6 g／d,第2周O．4g/d,以后0．2g／d,共3个月;培哚普利4 mg／,d,共3个月。结果术后随访6～23 (15．0±5．1)个月。4例因并发症排除;余48例患者,1例术后1个月内发作非典型心房扑动,持续2 d后自行转复窦性心律,随访7个月未有房性心律失常发作。20例患者术后3个月内有阵发性房颤发作,3个月后,12例患者房颤不再发作,余8例随访至6个月,仍有房颤发作。结论心房颤动射频消融术后近期房颤发作者,并不能预测远期房性心律失常发作。术后3个月内有房性心律失常发作而以后不再发作者,可能是心房电学和组织学重构逆转的一个步骤。     

骨髓间质干细胞心肌分化过程中细胞内钙离子浓度的变化

目的研究骨髓间质干细胞心肌分化前、后钙离子浓度变化。方法用5-杂氮胞苷(5-azacytidine)体外诱导猪骨髓间质干细胞使之向心肌分化；ELASA法测定分化前、后细胞内心肌肌钙蛋白Ⅰ(cTnⅠ)变化；应用离子图像分析系统测定分化前、后细胞内钙离子浓度变化。结果(1)经5-杂氮胞苷诱导后细胞形态发生变化；(2)诱导后第3周起细胞内cTnⅠ明显增高；(3)诱导组细胞内钙离子浓度较对照组高，且诱导前后细胞内钙释放机制不同。结论骨髓间质干细胞体外经5-杂氮胞苷诱导后可具有心肌细胞的某些特性，这一过程与钙信号有关。