基于Klotho基因的生物活性探讨中医“心肾相交”理论

"心肾相交"是指肾水上济于心,心火下降于肾。Klotho作为肾精的物质基础,在生理功能上与肾精作用相同,二者均秉承于父母,具有抗衰老、主生殖和生长发育、保护骨骼调节钙磷代谢等功用。Klotho衍生物可溶性Klotho(soluble Klotho,sKlotho)延续了Klotho的生理功能,并参与调节心肌细胞和血管平滑肌细胞的钙离子代谢,抑制钙离子沉积,调节脉道,保护心血管,具有交通心藏系统的功能。Klotho基因的这种微观调节作用,使得心藏系统和肾藏系统之间的关系更加紧密,加强了中医心肾之间的交互关系,也丰富了中医"心肾相交"理论。     

基于高通量测序技术的三叉苦幼苗转录组数据分析

目的获得三叉苦Melicope pteleifolia转录组信息特征。方法以三叉苦幼苗根、茎、叶混合样品为对象,采用二代高通量测序平台Illumina HiSeq~(TM) 2000进行转录组测序并进行系统的生物信息学分析。结果转录组测序分析共获得47 045 040条高质量序列(clean reads),Trinity de novo组装获得67 956条unigenes,平均长度787 nt。BLAST分析显示分别有42 749(61.92%)、31 152(45.84%)、26 563(39.0 9%)、17 481(25.72%)条unigenes在NR、Swiss-port、KOG、KEGG数据库得到注释信息,参与生物过程、细胞组分和分子功能3个GO类别的47个小组,共9807条unigenes注释到130个KEGG代谢通路中,筛选到19条次生代谢通路,KOG功能分类分析获得25个不同的KOG功能类群。预测共有高等植物转录因子56个家族;借助MISA软件发现7 748个SSRs,三碱基重复SSRs数量最丰富,有4 117个,出现频率为53.1%,五碱基重复SSRs相对较少,占2.2%。结论利用高通量测序技术和生物信息分析获得三叉苦转录组信息特征,为后续三叉苦功能基因的挖掘、次生代谢途径解析及其调控机制研究奠定基础。     

A prognostic signature based on immune-related genes for cervical squamous cell carcinoma and endocervical adenocarcinoma

Cervical squamous cell carcinoma and endocervical adenocarcinoma (CESC) is the fourth commonest female malignancy worldwide. CESC progresses in immune-microenvironment mainly composed of infiltrating immune and stromal cells. Here, we performed an integrated analysis incorporating the expression profiles from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and scores of immune and stromal cells calculated by Estimation of Stromal and Immune cells in Malignant Tumours using Expression data (ESTIMATE) algorithm. A two-gene signature (CD1C and CD6 genes) was established to predict the prognosis of CESC. Based on this signature, patients were divided into the high- and low-risk groups, and this signature showed good prognostic performance according to the results of Kaplan-Meier analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis in train set and two validation sets. A nomogram was built for evaluating the clinical applicability of this signature. In addition, based on Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) database, 2 hub genes showed negative correlations with tumor purity and positive correlations with infiltrating levels of immune filtrating cells. What’s more, we propose new treatment strategies for the two prognostic subtypes. Low- risk patients were found presenting with a higher level of immune checkpoint molecules and showing higher immunogenicity in immunophenoscore (IPS) analysis, which indicated a better response for immunotherapy. Meanwhile, estimated by Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer (GDSC) database, the high-risk patients showed sensitive responses to five chemotherapy drugs. Finally, 10 candidate small-molecule drugs for CESC were defined. In summary, the CD1C-CD6 signature can accurately predict the prognosis of CESC.     

下调REV7基因对于人结肠癌HCT116细胞放射敏感性影响及机制研究

目的 研究下调REV7基因表达对人结肠癌HCT116细胞放射敏感性影响及其机制。方法 对HCT116细胞进行培养并运用RNA干扰技术实现REV7基因下调,将细胞分为空白组、转染阴性RNA oligo片段阴性对照组、转染REV7 RNA oligo的REV7基因下调组。克隆形成实验反映细胞增殖水平,蛋白印迹法检测相关基因表达水平、细胞凋亡发生水平和非同源末端连接途径发生水平。结果 6Gy照后REV7 siRNA组细胞克隆形成率降低(P<0.05)。REV7 siRNA组REV7基因下调效率>60%。REV7 siRNA组γH2AX、Caspase9表达升高(P<0.05),Ku80、XRCC4表达降低(P<0.05)。结论 下调REV7基因能提高HCT116细胞放射敏感性,其机制可能与下调REV7后非同源末端连接的发生被削弱有关。     

X- 连锁迟发性脊椎骨骺发育不良一家系TRAPPC2 基因变异分析

目的分析由TRAPPC2基因变异致X连锁迟发性脊椎骨骺发育不良(SEDT-XL)的临床及基因变异特点。方法回顾分析1个SEDT-XL家系的临床资料及基因检测结果。结果先证者,9岁2个月,因生长缓慢就诊,语言、运动及智力发育正常。身高115 cm(-3SD),臂间距109 cm,上部量56 cm,下部量59 cm,体质量21 kg,招风耳,尖下颌,牙列不齐,颈短,脊柱侧弯,心肺腹未见异常。采集先证者及其父母和舅舅的外周血行全外显子测序,结果显示先证者TRAPPC2基因4号外显子区域存在1个半合子变异c.115delC,导致氨基酸改变p.Q39Sfs*3。该半合子变异来自其母亲,其舅舅存在相同的半合子变异位点。结论 TRAPPC2基因4号外显子区域c.115delC突变为该家系SEDT-XL的致病原因。     

Consensus summary report for CEPI/BC March 12–13, 2020 meeting: Assessment of risk of disease enhancement with COVID-19 vaccines

A novel coronavirus (CoV), Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), emerged in late 2019 in Wuhan, China and has since spread as a global pandemic. Safe and effective vaccines are thus urgently needed to reduce the significant morbidity and mortality of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) disease and ease the major economic impact. There has been an unprecedented rapid response by vaccine developers with now over one hundred vaccine candidates in development and at least six having reached clinical trials. However, a major challenge during rapid development is to avoid safety issues both by thoughtful vaccine design and by thorough evaluation in a timely manner. A syndrome of “disease enhancement” has been reported in the past for a few viral vaccines where those immunized suffered increased severity or death when they later encountered the virus or were found to have an increased frequency of infection. Animal models allowed scientists to determine the underlying mechanism for the former in the case of Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccine and have been utilized to design and screen new RSV vaccine candidates. Because some Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) and SARS-CoV-1 vaccines have shown evidence of disease enhancement in some animal models, this is a particular concern for SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. To address this challenge, the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI) and the Brighton Collaboration (BC) Safety Platform for Emergency vACcines (SPEAC) convened a scientific working meeting on March 12 and 13, 2020 of experts in the field of vaccine immunology and coronaviruses to consider what vaccine designs could reduce safety concerns and how animal models and immunological assessments in early clinical trials can help to assess the risk. This report summarizes the evidence presented and provides considerations for safety assessment of COVID-19 vaccine candidates in accelerated vaccine development.     

Long-Term Follow-Up of the First in Human Intravascular Delivery of AAV for Gene Transfer: AAV2-hFIX16 for Severe Hemophilia B

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miR-802靶向Hnf1B抑制胰岛素分泌的作用研究

探究miR-802对于胰岛β细胞分泌胰岛素的影响及其作用机制。利用miR-802类似物及miR-802抑制剂分别在胰岛原代细胞及Min6细胞过表达或敲降miR-802；采用ELISA法检测miR-802对胰岛素分泌的影响；通过miRNA靶基因数据库预测、荧光素酶报告法和Western blot法确证miR-802的靶基因；最后开展功能回复实验阐明miR-802调控胰岛β细胞分泌胰岛素的作用机制。结果表明:在胰岛原代细胞和Min6细胞中过表达miR-802能抑制胰岛β细胞分泌胰岛素；qPCR和Western blot实验证明miR-802通过抑制靶基因肝细胞核因子1B(hepatocyte nuclear factor 1β，Hnf1B)的转录和翻译，从而抑制胰岛素的分泌。     

Woolly hair nevus caused by somatic mutation and Costello syndrome caused by germline mutation in HRAS: Consider parental mosaicism in prenatal counseling

Germline mutations in HRAS cause Costello syndrome (CS), while mosaic mutations in HRAS show a variability of phenotypes, ranging from mild features such as keratinocytic epidermal nevus (KEN), sebaceous nevus (SN), woolly hair nevus (WHN) with KEN, to severe manifestations of CS with cutis laxa. We report two individuals. The first was a 2-year-old boy with woolly hair nevus (WHN) without any other cutaneous involvement, in whom somatic HRAS mutation (c.34G>A; p.Gly12Ser) was identified in his affected scalp and hair follicle specimens. This is the first reported WHN type 1 (no cutaneous involvement) patient caused by somatic HRAS mutation. The other individual was a 12-year-old girl with CS caused by germline HRAS mutation (c.34G>A), that manifested with coarse face, palmoplantar keratoderma, deep palmar and plantar creases, hyperpigmented patches, asymmetry and deformity of lower limbs, atopic dermatitis, as well as mental retardation. Of note, a linear hyperpigmented plaque was observed in her father’s lumbosacral region. Although the father refused to provide semen and skin tissue for further examination, this reminds us of possible mosaicism in parents of individuals with germline de novo HRAS mutation and underlines the importance of parental evaluation for prenatal counseling.