以智慧化献血服务改善献血者体验

献血服务全过程从数据化向智慧化发展是大势所趋。献血服务始终围绕献血者展开，以献血者为中心的特点，决定了科学技术手段应用的终极目标为人的体验和感受。借助智慧管理精准识别献血者需求，是提升献血服务水平的首要任务。以武汉血液中心智慧化献血服务为例，阐述了智慧化为献血者带来的全新体验。     

Assessing the relationship between intelligence and the PEAK relational training system

The Promoting the Emergence of Advanced Knowledge (PEAK) Relational Training System is an assessment and curriculum tool developed for basic and advanced skills using behavior analytic approaches. The current study evaluated the relationship between intelligence (as measured by IQ scores) and performance on the PEAK assessment with children with autism or other developmental and intellectual disabilities. Each child was administered the PEAK assessment from the Direct Training Module. Scores from this assessment were compared to IQ scores for all participants to assess the relationship between the two measures. Results indicated a strong, significant correlation between scores on standardized IQ tests and scores on the PEAK assessment (r = .759, p < .01). The results demonstrated strong convergent validity and indicate that the PEAK may be a useful assessment and curriculum guide for training language and learning skills to individuals with autism and other developmental disabilities.     

Changing relations among cognitive abilities across development: implications for measurement and research

Objective: The constructs of intelligence and executive function (EF) are commonly used in neuropsychological, cognitive, and developmental research, and in the context of clinical assessment. Yet, we have a limited understanding of the changing age-related associations among these cognitive constructs and the implications for measurement and research. The objectives of this study were to compare hypothetical models using intellectual abilities (non-age corrected scores of intelligence or IQ) and experimental measures of EF and to better understand the role of age in determining the associations between these cognitive abilities at two different periods of development. We also incorporated prediction of ADHD-related difficulties. Method: We examined intellectual abilities and EF in a typically developing child sample (N = 250) and young-adult sample (N = 329). We used confirmatory factor analysis to estimate models for each developmental period: a one-factor model of general cognitive ability and a two-factor model of intelligence and EF. ADHD-related difficulties were regressed on the factors from each model. Results: Age was more strongly related to all cognitive abilities in the child sample than in the young-adult sample. In the factor analytic models, higher amounts of cognitive test score variance were explained by both models in the child sample than in the young-adult sample. Further, in the child sample, the general cognitive ability factor (combining intellectual abilities and EF) was a significant predictor of ADHD-related difficulties, but the separate intellectual ability and EF factors were not. Conclusions: Variables highly associated with age (such as intellectual ability and EF) should not be statistically controlled when assessing cognitive constructs especially in child samples when there is rapid change in cognitive abilities.     

Dispositional mindfulness is predicted by structural development of the insula during late adolescence

Adolescence is a critical period of development, in which the increasing social and cognitive demands of independence need to be met by enhanced self-regulatory abilities. The cultivation of mindfulness has been associated with improved self-regulation in adult populations, and it is theorized that one neurodevelopmental mechanism that supports this capacity is the development of the prefrontal cortex. The current study examined the neurodevelopmental mechanisms associated with dispositional mindfulness in adolescence. Using a longitudinal within-persons design, 82 participants underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) assessments at approximately ages 16 and 19, and also completed self-reported measurements of mindfulness at age 19. It was hypothesized that adolescents who demonstrated greater thinning of frontal cortical regions between the age of 16 and 19 would exhibit higher dispositional mindfulness levels at age 19. Results indicated that, contrary to predictions, adolescents with higher levels of mindfulness demonstrated less thinning in the left anterior insula. By contrast, higher IQ was associated with greater thinning of the right caudal middle frontal and right superior frontal regions. The involvement of insula development in mindfulness is consistent with a direct role for this structure in managing self-regulation, and in doing so concords with recent models of self-referential interoceptive awareness.     

急诊智能化信息系统构建

详细介绍基于医护患一体的急诊智能化信息系统建设目标、具体实现等方面,指出该系统有助于缩短急救患者救治时间,实现诊疗流程精细化管理,为医院质控部门提供有力的数据支撑。     

基于人工智能的医院商务智能系统构建

从软硬件环境、基础数据展示模型、医院管理人工智能模型3方面详细阐述基于人工智能的医院商务智能系统结构、功能及构建方法,指出该系统便于医院管理者掌握运营动态、精准决策,提升医疗质量。     

哮喘患者智能化自我管理的干预效果分析

目的 探讨运用信息智能化管理模式在干预哮喘患者的自我管理中的应用效果。方法 选取2018 年1～10月104 例哮喘患者,随机分为观察组（n=52）与对照组（n=52）。对照组给予常规哮喘护理及健康指导,观察组在对照组的基础上通过组建信息智能化管理团队,从建立哮喘专案、出院至6 个月期间,通过网络平台与患者进行沟通和健康指导,利用患者复诊时进行问卷调查,比较两组患者6 个月内的哮喘急性发作次数、再入院率、治疗依从性及生活质量各项评分的变化情况。结果 观察组患者在吸入治疗依从性、规范用药依从性及定期复诊依从性均高于对照组,差异具有显著性（P＜0.05）;干预后,两组患者在呼吸症状、活动受限、睡眠质量、情感健康的生活质量评分均明显降低,观察组显著优于对照组（P＜0.05）,同时哮喘急性发作次数及再入院率观察组均明显低于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论 用信息智能化管理模式干预哮喘患者的自我管理高效、便捷,能够实时帮助哮喘患者实行长期管理,减少哮喘急性发作的次数及患者的再入院率。