犬颈动脉囊状动脉瘤模型的建立实验研究

目的探讨建立犬颈总动脉囊状动脉瘤模拟人体颅内动脉瘤的可行性。方法采用外科手术方法建立犬颈动脉囊状侧壁动脉瘤模型。结果建立20条健康实验犬颈动脉囊状侧壁动脉瘤模型40枚,血管造影证实动脉瘤与载瘤动脉均通畅者有36枚,4枚动脉瘤腔自发性完全性闭塞,但颈总动脉均保持通畅,模型建立成功率为90.0%。结论犬颈总动脉囊状侧壁动脉瘤是模拟人体颅内动脉瘤的最佳模型之一。     

主动脉瘤腔内隔绝术

主动脉的扩张性疾病可分为真性动脉瘤、动脉夹层（aortic dissection，AD）和假性动脉瘤。随着这类疾病发病率和检出率逐年提高，人们对它们的关注程度也不断提高。如何治疗他们，成为摆在临床医生面前的难题。1991年，Parodi率先报告了支架-人造血管复合体（直型）在腹主动脉瘤治疗中的应用，成为腔内血管治疗历史上的一个里程碑。随着医疗器械的不断发展、技术的不断完善、经验的不断积累总结，微创、安全的腔内隔绝术在主动脉扩张性疾病中的治疗中得到广泛的认可，并在全球范围内迅速推广。     

钝性创伤致肠系膜上动脉分支假性动脉瘤一例

1病历资料患者女,46岁,2个月前因交通伤致腹部受伤,于当地医院腹腔穿刺抽出不凝血,行保守治疗后出现腹胀、腹痛、左下腹渐增性肿块。体检:贫血貌,左下腹可见一20cm×15cm包块,边界不清,有触痛,无搏动及血管杂音,肠鸣音弱。辅助检查:血红蛋白56g/L,红细胞2.3×1012/L。B超见左下腹有一不规则囊实性肿块,内部回声不均。彩色多普勒超声提示瘤腔内呈涡流的彩色血流信号,破口约0.8cm。CT提示左下腹包块,强化期包块内含造影剂血溢出,向下蔓延形成洋葱层样外观。CT血管成像(CTA)提示肠系膜上动脉分支假性动脉瘤。治疗时先采用介入方法,经股动脉…     

结肠中动脉假性动脉瘤彩色多普勒超声检查1例

1 病历摘要 患者,男,51岁.该患于4 d前无明显诱因出现腹部绞痛,伴心悸、乏力.1 d前出现红褐色果酱样便,伴腹部绞痛,门诊以"上消化道出血"收入院.既往史:该患1年前因胰头囊肿行胰头部囊肿与空肠吻合术;4个月前因胆总管结石行胆总管切开、T型管引流术.     

巨大蛇形动脉瘤的临床特点及治疗

巨大蛇形动脉瘤(GSAs)实际上是一个影像学概念,即在血管造影片上,表现为一迂曲、不规则的血管影,形状如蛇,因此而得名。GSAs属于巨大动脉瘤的一个亚类,但又有明显区别于梭形动脉瘤或囊性动脉瘤的特征。现详细介绍如下。1发病率、发病年龄及好发部位GSAs在临床上较为少见,到目前     

Pediatric intracranial aneurysms——clinical characteristics and therapeutic strategies

Objective To assess the radiological characteristics and therapeutic strategies of intracranial aneurysms in children. Methods From our dedicated neurovascular databank of patients, we reviewed 23 consecutive children who had 24 intracranial aneurysms. There were 14 boys and 9 girls with a mean age of 9.09 years ( range 1 - 14 years ). Results Intracranial aneurysms in children ≤ 14 years constituted 1.3% of all intracranial aneurysms. Internal Carotid artery (ICA) and middle cerebral artery (MCA) were the most frequent sites for aneurysms. About 58.3% of the aneurysms were complex, including dissecting, pseudoaneurysm, giant and fusiform aneurysm. 1/3 of all aneurysms were located in posterior circulation. Only 1 case had multiple aneurysms in this case series. Almost half of all cases presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage and others presented with mass effect. 14 cases underwent endovascular treatment. 4 patients received microsurgical therapy. 5 cases did not receive microsurgical or endovascular therapy, 2 of them whose aneurysms spontaneously thrombosed during follow up. One boy with left vertebral artery giant aneurysm died after endovascular therapy owing to gradual thrombosis in basilar artery. Another child had poor outcome because of rerupture of aneurysm before operation. Whereas the majority had a favorable outcome. Conclusions Intracranial aneurysms in children had many clinical and radiological characteristics different from those in adults : ( 1 ) remarkable male predominance; ( 2 ) ICA and MCA were the most common sites for aneurysms; (3) high incidence of large, traumatic, infectious, dissecting and fusiform aneurysms. (4)For pediatric intracranial aneurysms, both microsurgical approaches and endovascular treatment were effective. Endovaacular therapy was the best choice for complex aneurysms.     

经眉弓眶上锁孔入路手术治疗前循环动脉瘤

目的探讨前循环动脉瘤经眉弓眶上锁孔入路手术夹闭的方法及相对适应证。方法分析我科用该手术方式治疗的14例(16个)颅内前循环动脉瘤的临床资料,着重阐述手术方法、注意事项、术中动脉瘤破裂处理及手术适应证。结果14例(16个)动脉瘤全部一次手术夹闭成功,其中4例术中有动脉瘤破裂出血,2例合并有脑积水并行脑室腹腔分流术,1例死于肺部感染及多脏器功能衰竭,其它患者恢复良好。结论用该方法治疗前循环动脉瘤安全、微创,值得临床推广应用。     

神经病、神经外科和精神病学杂志

严重脑损伤后17年的社会心理调整;由琥珀酸脱氢酶（SDHA）黄素蛋白（Fp）亚单位突变所致Leigh综合征;动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血早期循环中的内皮细胞激活标记物水平：与脑缺血事件和预后的关系;CSF前列腺素E2水平与认知功能下降和阿尔茨海默病存活率的关系；变异型克罗伊茨费尔特-雅各布病患者的CSF磷酸-tau蛋白浓度升高：诊断和病理学意义。     

18例主动脉置换术后监测治疗的体会

主动脉夹层（aortic dissection,AD）是心血管系统的急症,病情变化快,死亡率极高,未就诊的患者50%于2 d内死亡,70%于7 d内死亡.除内科保守治疗外,外科手术是最主要的治疗手段,关于AD的术后监测治疗资料报道较少,现将我院18例患者术后治疗体会进行总结.