Frey’s syndrome following parotidectomy: prevention using a rotation sternocleidomastoid muscle flap

The benefit of using a sternocleidomastoid flap following parotidectomy to reduce the incidence of symptomatic gustatory sweating (Frey’s syndrome) was reviewed. A retrospective study was undertaken to review subjective and objective symptoms of Frey’s syndrome in two groups of patients, one of whom had undergone superficial parotidectomy with a sternocleidomastoid flap rotated at the time of surgery and a second group of patients who had undergone a standard superficial parotidectomy. A total of 22 patients, randomly sampled and willing to attend, were evaluated postoperatively, at a median time from surgery of 42 months (range 23–82 months) in the non-flap group and 44 months (range 14–66 months) in the flap group, by Minor’s starch iodine test. In the 11 patients who had a sternocleidomastoid flap rotated, two had evidence of gustatory sweating. Of the 11 that had not undergone sternocleidomastoid flap rotation, nine patients showed evidence of gustatory sweating (P < 0.05, χ² test). There were two patients in total who had clinical symptoms of Frey’s syndrome and both of these had not undergone flap rotation at the time of parotidectomy.     

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目的    探讨胸锁乳突肌肌瓣即刻修复腮腺肿瘤术后面部凹陷畸形和减少术后味觉出汗综合征（Frey综合征）发生的临床效果。方法    选择2006年1月至2009年1月蚌埠医学院第一附属医院口腔科腮腺肿瘤住院手术患者68例,分为试验组48例、对照组20例。试验组患者按常规“S”切口施行腮腺肿瘤加腮腺浅叶或全叶切除术,同期行胸锁乳突肌肌瓣转移修复术;对照组则不行同期肌瓣修复,经随访对比观察6月至3年。结果    对照组局部凹陷畸形发生率为90%（18／20）,Frey综合征发生率为 55%（11／20）;试验组局部凹陷畸形发生率为16.67%（8／48）,Frey综合征发生率为8.33 %（4／48）,两组间差异有统计学意义（P < 0. 01）。结论    胸锁乳突肌肌瓣转移修复术是一种即刻修复腮腺肿瘤术后面部凹陷畸形和降低Frey综合征发生率的较好方法。     

胸锁乳突肌延长术的相关解剖学观测

目的调查国人的胸锁乳突肌长度及最大可分离长度,为先天性斜颈手术治疗提供解剖学资料。方法在15具(30侧)尸体上解剖观测胸锁乳突肌的长度、两头肌纤维束的融合部位及其毗邻。结果胸锁乳突肌前缘长平均为19.0±1.4cm,后缘长平均为16.3±1.1cm。其两头融合处距起点平均为8.3±0.8cm。结论胸锁乳突肌最大可延长7～8cm,能满足轻、中度斜颈手术治疗需要。     

先天性肌性斜颈的两种手术方法比较

目的 探讨先天性肌性斜颈两种手术治疗的方法和效果。方法 回顾性分析86例先天性肌性斜颈患者，其中12岁以内者69例，12岁及大于12岁者17例，根据年龄及畸形严重程度的不同采用不同的治疗术式：胸锁乳突肌下端切断术和胸锁乳突肌上、下端切断术加术后牵引治疗。结果 本组86例中随访72例，随访时间1～7年，平均4．5年。从功能和外观两方面进行了术后评价：12岁以下57例，其中优52例(91．2％)，良5例(8．8％)，无劣级；12岁及大于12岁15例，其中优11例(73．3％)，良4例(26．7％)，无劣级。结论 对先天性肌性斜颈患者，应根据不同情况选择恰当的手术治疗术式，一般均可获得满意的效果。     

肌萎缩侧索硬化病人胸段棘旁肌、胸锁乳突肌、舌肌肌电图联合检测分析

目的探讨胸段棘旁肌、胸锁乳突肌、舌肌肌电图联合检测在肌萎缩侧索硬化(ALS)诊断中的价值.方法对30例临床确诊的ALS患者的胸段棘旁肌、胸锁乳突肌、舌肌及3肢体肌的肌电图进行分析.同时将性别、年龄相匹配的30名健康者作为对照,行胸段棘旁肌、胸锁乳突肌自发电位检测.结果30例ALS患者中,28例(93%)胸段棘旁肌肌电图可见正锐波和纤颤电位.胸锁乳突肌肌电图异常27例(90%),以运动单位时限增宽、波幅增高为特点.舌肌肌电图12例(40%)可见正锐波和纤颤电位.健康对照组胸段棘旁肌、胸锁乳突肌均无异常.结论胸段棘旁肌肌电图和胸锁乳突肌肌电图在诊断ALS疾病中的敏感性是相同的.对ALS患者除行常规3肢体肌的肌电图检测外,应加做胸段棘旁肌和胸锁乳突肌,以提高ALS早期诊断的阳性率和准确性.舌肌肌电图检测阳性率低于胸段棘旁肌和胸锁乳突肌,且容易出血、检查痛苦,患者不易接收,不应作为常规检测.     

带蒂胸锁乳突肌肌瓣一期修复腮腺肿瘤术后缺损的疗效

目的通过与直接拉拢缝合比较,探讨带蒂胸锁乳突肌肌瓣修复腮腺肿瘤切除后缺损的疗效。方法回顾分析2002年1月-2010年4月,采用带蒂胸锁乳突肌肌瓣一期修复38例(肌瓣组)腮腺肿瘤切除后缺损患者的临床资料,与同期直接拉拢缝合修复的35例(对照组)患者进行比较。两组患者性别、年龄、病程、肿瘤类型及大小等一般资料比较,差异均无统计学意义(P<0.05),具有可比性。分析两组术后局部凹陷畸形、Frey综合征和腮腺瘘并发症发生情况。结果肌瓣组术后肌瓣均成活,创面Ⅰ期愈合;对照组切口均Ⅰ期愈合。术后两组患者均获随访,随访时间6～98个月。随访期间肿瘤均无复发。术后6个月两组患者面部凹陷畸形程度比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2=53.202,P=0.000)。肌瓣组术后发生1例(2.6%)腮腺瘘,1例(2.6%)Frey综合征;对照组分别为8例(22.8%)及20例(57.1%);两组并发症发生率比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论采用带蒂胸锁乳突肌肌瓣修复腮腺肿瘤切除后缺损,可预防术后局部凹陷畸形、Frey综合征和腮腺瘘并发症的发生。     

学龄期儿童先天性肌性斜颈的治疗

目的探讨学龄期儿童先天性肌性斜颈的治疗方法。方法采用胸锁乳突肌单极切断术加术后胸颈联合斜颈矫形支具固定4~6个月,治疗学龄期儿童先天性肌性斜颈65例,男23例,女42例;手术平均年龄8岁(6~14岁)。结果本组65例,随访时间1~4年,平均2.7年。参考Cheng的疗效分级法,其中优42例(64.6%),良15例(23.1%),可5例(7.7%),差3例(4.6%)。结论胸锁乳突肌单极切断术加术后胸颈联合斜颈矫形支具,创伤小、疗效好、并发症少,是学龄期儿童先天性肌性斜颈首选的治疗方式。     

人胸锁乳突肌的应用解剖学

目的探讨人胸锁乳突肌各亚部的构筑特征,并对该肌的神经入肌点进行定位,为胸锁乳突肌移植的取材提供形态学资料.方法①用14侧胸锁乳突肌进行肌构筑学研究.②用50侧胸锁乳突肌进行大体解剖测量并对其中40侧的神经入肌点进行定位研究.结果①胸骨头亚部肌重20.5±6.67g、肌长19.63±2.62cm、生理横切面积1.81±0.73cm2,锁骨头浅亚部肌重7.09±2.66g、肌长16.48±2.33cm、生理横切面积0.59±0.25cm2,锁骨头深亚部肌重7.62±2.71g、肌长14.43±1.82cm、生理横切面积0.77±0.38cm2.②神经入胸锁乳突肌有两种形式,一是穿锁骨头深亚部入肌,占35%,入肌点距乳突尖4.03±0.38cm;一是在锁骨头深亚部后缘入肌,占65%,入肌点距乳突尖4.42±0.31cm.结论①胸骨头亚部的肌重与生理横切面积分别是锁骨头两亚部之和的1.40倍与1.33倍,是胸锁乳突肌肌力的主要提供者.②胸锁乳突肌的神经入肌点约在锁骨头深亚部深面中、上1/3交界处.     

Ipsilateral Tilt and Contralateral Sensory Change of Neck in Cortical Infarction

Background

Numerous neck muscles are involved in neck movements, and so isolated neck weakness is extremely uncommon in cerebral infarction.

Case Report

We report herein the case of a 65-year-old woman with hypertension and acute cortical infarction, presenting with ipsilateral head tilt and contralateral sensory changes in the neck and shoulder area, which has never been described before.

Conclusions

Transient neck weakness and sensory deficits can occur in acute cortical infarction. The motor representation of the neck muscles can be at the same level of the cortical sensory representation, near to the level of the trunk representation, which is in contrast to Penfield''s findings. Several possible mechanisms for the ipsilateral tilt are described.