Introduction: Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR), a common disease in individuals older than 50 in the western world, is characterized by bilateral inflammatory pain involving the shoulder girdle and less commonly the neck and pelvic girdle. The main goals of the currently available treatment are to induce remission and prevent relapse.
Areas covered: This review briefly presents the main epidemiological and clinical features of PMR and discusses in depth both its classical management as well as new therapies used in PMR.
Expert opinion: In general, patients with isolated PMR experience a rapid response (in less than seven days) to 12.5–25 mg/prednisone/day. Methotrexate is the conventional disease-modifying antirheumatic drug most commonly used for disease management, especially for relapses of the disease. However, this agent often yields a modest effect. Randomized controlled trials do not support the use of antitumor necrosis factor agents in PMR. Several case series and retrospective studies have highlighted the efficacy of the anti-interleukin-6 receptor antibody tocilizumab in PMR. However, controlled trials are needed to fully establish the efficacy of this biologic agent in PMR. The potential beneficial effect of the Janus-kinase inhibitors remains to be determined. 相似文献
目的研究宽苞糙苏Phlomis umbrosa var. latibracteata根降三萜类化学成分。方法用硅胶柱色谱、凝胶柱色谱、以及制备高效液相色谱等多种色谱分离手段进行分离纯化,用有机波谱手段鉴定分离得到的化合物结构。结果从宽苞糙苏根的95%乙醇提取物中分离得到8个降三萜类化合物,分别鉴定为糙苏醛A(1)、糙苏酮(2)、糙苏四醇A(3)、糙苏四醇B(4)、糙苏六醇A(5)、糙苏六醇B(6)、糙苏六醇C(7)、糙苏六醇D(8)。结论化合物1为新化合物,化合物3、4、6~8为首次从宽苞糙苏中分离得到的化合物,这些化合物表现出一定的肿瘤细胞抑制活性。 相似文献