硫酸奈替米星注射液与硫酸丁胺卡那注射液临床疗效及安全性的比较

为评价硫酸奈替米星的临床疗效及安全性,在１７０例急性细菌感染性病人中作多中心临床研究。结果显示：硫酸奈替米星的有效率（９５．３％）显著高于对照药硫酸丁胺卡那的有效率（８４．１％）,试验组病人咳痰和腰痛症状的平均下降显著高于对照组;硫酸奈替米星治疗后细菌清除率达９７．２％;２组病人不良反应发生率均为４．８％,对照组中有２例（３．２％）出现耳鸣、１例（１．６％）听力减退,但试验组病人用药后未发现听力异常。结论：硫酸奈替米星临床疗效优于硫酸丁胺卡那且较少耳毒性。     

色甘胺醇气雾剂的高效液相色谱测定法

目的： 建立高效液相色谱法同时测定色甘胺醇气雾剂中的２ 个有效成分色甘酸钠和硫酸沙丁胺醇。方法： 采用Ｃ１８ 色谱柱, 以０－０２ ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－ １ 醋酸铵（ 用冰醋酸调节ｐＨ 为６－０ ±０－１） － 甲醇（１００∶３０） 为流动相, 检测波长为２２７ ｎｍ－ 结果： 色甘酸钠和硫酸沙丁胺醇的平均回收率（ ｎ ＝ ５）分别为９９－１２ ％ 和９９－９８ ％ ; 精密度（ ＲＳＤ） 分别为１－１ ％ 和１－０ ％ 。结论： 该测定方法简便快速     

Ultracytochemical studies of the blood-meningeal barrier (BMB) in rat spinal cord

Summary Alkaline phosphatase(AP),5-nucleotidase(5N) and nucleoside diphosphatase (NDPase) activities were studied by cytochemical methods applied to light and electron microscopy in the microvasculature of spinal cord leptomeningeal strips of normal and protamine sulfate (PS) treated rats. The increased permeability to intravenously injected horseradish peroxidase was observed in some segments of microvessels of PS treated rats. Enhanced formation of plasmalemmal pits and deep invaginations, formation of numerous pinocytic vesicles and the appearance of channel-like structures in the cytoplasm of endothelial cells were the most striking ultrastructural evidence of increased permeability of the affected microvessels. All of these structures also showed activity of AP, and to lesser extent, of NDPase; 5N activity was mainly associated with the delimiting membranes of pinocytic vesicles. Our data present evidence that a shift of enzymatic activity from luminal to abluminal surface of affected endothelial cells results from membrane flow accompanying increased transport activity via formation of pinocytic vesicles and channel-like structures.Supported in part by a grant from NINCDS No. 17271-01Visiting scientist from the Neurological Institute of the University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria     

Administration of obidoxime tablets to man

Twenty-four male volunteers were given obidoxime tablets in quantities ranging from 1.84–3.58 g in a single dose, or 7.36 g divided into 4 equal doses. With the lowest dose, average peak plasma level of the drug was 1.9 g/ml and after the highest single dose it was 5.6 g/ml, both attained 1.5 h after administration. In the multiple-dosed individuals, plasma levels of the oxime increased gradually following each additional dose, reaching a peak of 3.5 g/ml after the last dose.Thirteen individuals complained of one or more of the following side effects: pallor, nausea, pyrosis, headache, generalized weakness, sore throat, and paresthesia of the face muscles.Activities of blood cholinesterase, glutamic oxalacetic transaminase, glutamic pyruvic transaminase, as well as hematocrit values, heart rate, and blood pressure were not affected.It is postulated that due to the undesirable side effects, the general use of obidoxime tablets should not be recommended. However, prophylactic oral treatment with obidoxime could be considered for persons at high risk of organophosphate poisoning or when parenteral administration might not be feasible.     

罗通定中降解物巴马汀限量检测方法

目的：研究解决罗通定及硫酸罗通定注射液中降解物巴马汀的检测方法。方法：用薄层色谱法和紫外分光光度法限量检查样品中的巴马汀。结果：与对照品斑点大小、荧光强度比较和用吸收度限值控制均可对样品中的巴马汀进行限量检查，结果与原标准一致。结论：两方法均灵敏，专属，简便，快速。     

安宝治疗早产的临床研究

目的　探讨 β2 -肾上腺素能受体兴奋剂安宝抑制子宫收缩 ,治疗早产的临床效果。方法　对 91例先兆早产孕妇随机分为两组 ,分别静脉滴注安宝或硫酸镁。采用达到有效宫缩的最低浓度 ,适时停药 ,病情反复则间歇多次应用。结果　安宝首次用药达有效抑制宫缩的显效时间为 2h 40min ;延长孕期 2 9.3 4d ;足月分娩率 71.74% ;均极显著优于硫酸镁组 (P分别 <0 .0 0 1　 0 .0 1　 0 .0 1)。尚未发现严重毒副反应。结论　安宝抑制宫缩作用强显效快 ,治疗早产安全有效。     

清火解毒片的药效学研究

目的：考察清火解毒片的药理作用。方法：采用体内外抑菌法、毛细血管通透性法、鼠耳肿胀法、发热反应法、氨雾致咳法、醋酸刺激扭体法。结果：该药对常见的呼吸道感染小鼠有保护作用趋势；对醋酸所致小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性亢进有明显抑制作用，但对巴豆油所致的小鼠耳肿胀的抑制作用不明显；对2，4-二硝基苯酚致热大鼠的解热作用也不明显；能明显延长氨雾诱发小鼠咳嗽反应潜伏期、减少咳嗽次数；还能明显抑制醋酸所致小鼠的扭体反应。结论：该药具有一定的抗菌、抗炎、镇咳、镇痛作用。     

藏药晶珠虫草含片质量标准研究

目的：建立晶珠虫草含片（冬虫夏草，红景天、黄芪、青果、人参、麦冬等）的质量标准。方法：采用TLC法对处方中人参、麦冬进行鉴别；用薄层描法测定黄芪甲苷的含量。结果：在TLC色薄中检出人参、麦冬；黄芪甲苷在0．5－2．5uL范围内呈良好的线性关系，r=0.9999,平均回收率98％。RSD为1．35。结论：所建立的方法简单可行，重现性好，为晶珠虫草含片质量控制提供了方法。