荧光偏振免疫法测定吸脂术患者脂肪及脂液中利多卡因含量

目的：监测利多卡因在吸脂术脂肪渗出液和脂肪中的浓度，以保证吸脂麻醉术中利多卡因的用量达到安全、无毒副作用。方法：运用荧光偏振免疫法，对34例吸脂者脂肪渗出液和脂肪中的利多卡因浓度进行测定。结果：34例吸脂者利多卡因给药量为6～27mg·kg^-1，脂肪和脂肪渗出液中的利多卡因含量分别为（5．41±2．78）和（4．60±1．71）μg·ml^-1，术中未见明显的不良反应。结论：荧光偏振免疫法简单、灵敏，可用于吸脂术中利多卡因浓度的监测。     

杨运宽调神意守针法

调神意守针法是将针法守神法和道家意守法结合起来，促使针刺得气后循经感传甚至气至病所，激发患者潜在的调整功能。杨运宽教授常运用此针法治疗某些痛证、神经系统疾病及慢性难治性疾病，可获得较一般针法更好的疗效。本文详细介绍了这一针法的操作方法和临床应用。     

2005年滨州市地方性氟中毒病情调查

[目的]了解滨州市饮水型地方性氟中毒(地氟病)病区病情现状,为今后的防治工作提供科学依据.[方法]2005年,对滨州市惠民、博兴、邹平3县地氟病病区进行儿童氟斑牙患病情况调查与饮用水氟含量检测.[结果]合计调查8～12岁儿童1467名,检出可疑氟斑牙225人、氟斑牙患者653人(极轻氟斑牙225人,轻度氟斑牙204人,中度氟斑牙194人,重度氟斑牙30人),患病率为44.51%,斑釉指数为0.99;氟斑牙缺损率为9.82%.氟斑牙患病率,改水降氟工程报废病区(63.50%)、改水降氟工程正常运转病区(58.20%)均高于未改水病区(25.20%)(P＜0.01);改水工程报废停用病区不同年龄儿童氟斑牙患病率的差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).饮用水含氟量(mg/L),改水工程报废病区为(2.24±1.21),改水工程正常病区为(1.34±1.05)(P＜0.05);未改水病村为(1.00±0.76),低于改水工程报废病区(P＜0.01).[结论]滨州市地氟病病区病情仍然较重.     

紫杉醇联合顺铂双周和周疗法治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效比较

目的:比较和评价紫杉醇联合顺铂双周和周疗法治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的近期疗效和毒副反应.方法:经病理和细胞学证实的60例Ⅲ、Ⅳ期NSCLC患者随机分为两组.双周疗法组30例:紫杉醇 80 mg/m2 ,顺铂 40 mg/m2, iv gtt d1、d8,第21天重复;周疗法组30例:紫杉醇 40 mg/m2,顺铂 30 mg/m2 iv gtt d1、d8、d15,第28天重复.测定给药后 3 h、12 h、24 h 的血药浓度,并评价经化疗2周期后的疗效和毒副反应.结果:双周疗法和周疗法的有效率分别为40.0%和36.7%,无统计学上的差异,但双周疗法的毒副反应发生率较低.结论:紫杉醇联合顺铂双周方案治疗晚期NSCLC较周疗法更为经济安全有效.拟增加病例数做进一步深入研究.     

消水Ⅱ号经人体透皮吸收药时关系

探讨消水Ⅱ号在人体的透皮吸收行为和药时关系。以冰片作为消水Ⅱ号在癌性胸腹水患者胸腹部敷药后不同时间的胸腹水液中的冰片含量。结果：在给药后2h的患者胸腹水中测出了冰片的含量为236ng／ml，随着时间延长，胸腹水中的冰片含量增加，在敷药36h测出胸腹水中的冰片含量最高，达2425ng／ml，以后则逐渐降低。结论：消水Ⅱ号可部分在人体透皮吸收，其在人体的透皮吸收具有缓释、长效的特点。     

腹水浓缩回输治疗顽固性腹水的临床分析

目的探讨体外腹水浓缩回输治疗顽固性腹水的临床意义。方法选择顽固性腹水的患者，予以腹穿使腹水经过体外浓缩再回输入腹腔。观察体重、腹围、血液生化，利尿剂使用量的变化。结果与治疗前相比，腹水浓缩回输后，体重、腹围明显下降，利尿剂使用量减少，血浆白蛋白升高，胆红素、INR、电解质、肾功能无明显变化。结论腹水浓缩回输腹腔治疗顽固性腹水，效果可靠，操作简单，并发症少，有利于提高患者的生活质量。     

川芎嗪对离体兔阴茎海绵体平滑肌条收缩的影响

目的 初步探讨川芎嗪(Ligustrazine)对离体兔阴茎海绵体平滑肌条的舒张作用及其机制。方法 离体家兔阴茎海绵体平滑肌实验方法,观察川芎嗪对阴茎海绵体平滑肌的舒张效应,测定去氧肾上腺素(PE)和氯化钾(Ka)的浓度-效应曲线。结果 川芎嗪浓度依赖性地舒张PE诱发的阴茎海绵体平滑肌收缩作用,最大舒张效应为(74.1±6.2)％[对照组为(21.9±5.6)％,P<0.01]。不同浓度的川芎嗪可使PE和KCL的浓度-效应曲线右移,最大收缩反应降低,高浓度(0.8g/L)时抑制收缩作用更显著。结论 川芎嗪有明显的舒张阴茎海绵体平滑肌作用,并呈剂量依赖性。川芎嗪舒张阴茎海绵体平滑肌机制可能与抑制细胞外钙内流有关。     

Blunted Sensitivity to Sucrose in Autoimmune MRL-lpr Mice: A Curve-Shift Study

Lupus-prone MRL-lpr mice show an autoimmunity-associated behavioral syndrome that has many features similar to the effects of chronic stress. The present study evaluated whether autoimmune MRL-lpr mice show reduced responsiveness to sucrose, as observed in normal animals exposed to chronic mild stress. Sixteen-week old MRL-lpr mice and their age-matched congenic MRL +/+ controls were given 0%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 4%, 8%, or 16% sucrose solution to drink every 48 h in a one-bottle test. The MRL-lpr mice drank less than controls at all concentrations, except at 16%. The amount of sucrose consumed vs. solution concentration followed a saturation curve. Estimates were obtained for the concentration yielding the half-maximum response (X₅₀) and the response at saturating concentration of sucrose (R_max). The X₅₀ was significantly higher in MRL-lpr than in MRL +/+ mice, indicating a shift to the right of the concentration-intake curve. The R_max did not differ significantly between substrains, suggesting that the autoimmune process did not affect performance capacity. Pretreatment with the immunosuppressant cyclophosphamide diminished the substrain difference in X₅₀, suggesting that reduced sensitivity to sucrose is related to autoimmune/inflammatory factors. These results support the similarity between autoimmunity-associated behavioral syndrome and behavioral changes produced by chronic stress, and suggest common neuroendocrine mechanisms. Because reduced sensitivity to palatable stimulus may reflect blunted hedonic responsiveness (“anhedonia”), it is hypothesized that an autoimmune/inflammatory factor(s) produces the depression found in human lupus, and some cases of affective disorder. Copyright © 1996 Elsevier Science Inc.     

Functional heterogeneity of the descending limbs of Henle's loop

By using the in vitro microperfusion technique, were examined functions of the descending limbs of Henle's loop obtained from either the short-loop nephron (SDL) or the upper portion of the long-loop nephron of hamsters (LDLu). Morphological distinctions between these segments were confirmed by light and electron microscopic observations. Both segments were highly permeable to water. The LDLu was highly permeable to sodium and to chloride: efflux coefficients (10^–7 cm²·s^–1) for²²Na and³⁶Cl were 41.0±5.4 and 3.8±0.6, respectively. The SDL were less permeable to sodium and to chloride: efflux coefficient for²²Na and³⁶Cl were 2.9±1.4 and 0.9±0.2, respectively. In contrast, the SDL was more permeable to urea as compared to the LDL, efflux coefficients for urea being 5.1±1.4 vs 1.4±0.3, respectively. When composition of the perfusate was identical to that of the bathing fluid, no transepithelial voltage was demonstrated. The volume flux was very small or undetectable. From these observations, we propose that the internephron heterogencity must be taken into consideration for constructing a model of countercurrent system in the renal medulla.     

A double-blind randomized study comparing imipramine with fluvoxamine in depressed inpatients

Objective To compare the efficacy of imipramine and fluvoxamine in inpatients from two centers suffering from a depressive disorder according to DSM IV criteria.Methods The study included 141 patients with a depressive disorder according to DSM IV criteria. After a drug-free and placebo run-in period of 1 week, patients were randomized to imipramine or fluvoxamine; doses of both drugs were adjusted to a predefined target blood level. Efficacy was evaluated 4 weeks after attaining predefined adequate plasma level.Results The mean age of the study group (47 males, 94 females) was 51.8 (range 19–65) years. Of these 141 patients, 56 had episode duration longer than 1 year, 48 had mood congruent psychotic features, and 138 patients received medication. Seven patients did not complete the medication trial. The total number of patients using concurrent medication was 12/138 (8.6%). On the primary outcome criteria patients on imipramine improved significantly better on the change of illness severity score of the CGI (² exact trend test=4.089, df=1, P=0.048). There was no significant difference in 50% or more reduction on the HRSD, the other primary outcome criterion. On the secondary outcome criteria the mean reduction of the HRSD scores was significantly larger in the imipramine group than in the fluvoxamine group (mean difference=3.1, standard error (SE)=1.4, t=2.15, df=136, P=0.033). There was no significant difference in the number of patients with an HRSD 7 at the final evaluation.Conclusions In depressed inpatients imipramine is more efficacious than fluvoxamine. Both drugs were well tolerated by all patients.