大肠癌组织中细胞胀亡及MMP-2检测

目的 :检测大肠癌组织中胀亡细胞及MMP - 2。方法 :应用透射电镜和免疫组化方法检测 5 1例大肠癌组织中胀亡细胞和MMP - 2的表达。结果 :①大肠癌组织中可检测到不同时期的胀亡细胞。②大肠癌组织中MMP- 2表达率 5 4 .9% (2 8/ 5 1 ) ,明显高于正常大肠粘膜 (P <0 .0 5 )。③MMP - 2在淋巴结转移组的阳性表达率为 6 9.5 7% (1 6 / 2 3) ,明显高于无淋巴结转移组的 4 2 .86 % (1 2 / 2 8) ;有淋巴结转移组胀亡指数明显低于无淋巴结转移组 (P<0 .0 5 )。④MMP - 2表达阳性组OI高于MMP - 2阴性组。结论 :大肠癌组织中存在胀亡细胞和MMP - 2的表达 ,2者关系密切 ,且均与大肠癌的转移有关。     

乳腺癌组织中基质金属蛋白酶MMP-9和CD44v6表达及其意义

目的探讨基质金属蛋白酶MMP-9和CD44v6在乳腺癌中的表达及其与乳腺癌侵袭、转移的关系.方法采用免疫组化方法对46例乳腺癌(10例导管内癌,36例乳腺浸润癌),10例乳腺增生组织MMP-9、CD44v6进行标记和分析.结果MMP-9和CD44v6在乳腺增生组织中几乎不表达,导管内癌、乳腺浸润癌表达率显著增高,各组间差异有显著性(P＜0.05),而且MMP-9与CD44v6过表达与淋巴结转移有关.结论MMP-9和CD44v6的过表达在乳腺癌侵袭和转移中发挥重要作用,可作为乳腺癌侵袭和转移的重要分子学标志.     

Platelet additive solutions: A future perspective

Platelet additive solutions (PASs) were first developed in the 1980s, and continued to be improved over the following years. The use of PASs as replacement for plasma has a number of benefits, both for the quality of the platelet concentrates and for the patients. However, some PASs have been associated with a lower platelet yield in the PCs, a shorter storage time, and a lower increment in the patient when compared to PCs in plasma. A number of reformulations of the PASs have taken place to counteract these disadvantages. Most PASs use acetate as nutrient for the platelets, which has the benefit of generating bicarbonate when oxidized by the platelets, thus supplying its own buffering capacity. Alternatively, glucose is used, but may cause deterioration of pH in the stored PCs due to the formation of lactic acid. Addition of other buffering substances, such as phosphate, can be added to ensure maintenance of neutral pH. An important finding was the inhibiting effect of potassium and magnesium on platelet activation. The initially developed PASs lacked these two ingredients and showed reduced storage times of the PCs in PAS when compared to those stored in plasma. However, when these constituents are included in the PAS, storage time is similar and even exceeds those seen for PCs in plasma. Considerable research is done in further formulating the optimal PAS. Bicarbonate is being considered as buffer for these PASs. Also, L-carnitine appears to have a favorable effect on stored platelets, including a reduction of platelet metabolism, and inhibition of apoptosis. Another area of optimization is lowering of plasma content needed for maintaining platelet quality. Where current PASs still need at least 30% residual plasma, there is a trend towards lowering the plasma content to less than 5% with the newer PASs. Preservation of purinergic platelet receptor functionality by ADP-degrading activities in plasma appears to play an important role in this respect. Development of PASs are usually based on in vitro studies alone. It is important to realize that only clinical studies can give definitive answers about the quality of platelets stored in PASs. Sofar, only limited clinical evaluations have been published that either studied the effectiveness of platelets in initially-developed PASs, or were specifically done in combination with pathogen reduction technologies. Thus, PASs seem to be an excellent replacement for (part of) the plasma when producing PCs, and allow extended storage with maintenance of quality, but more clinical studies are needed to substantiate in vitro results.     

Measurement of contact impedance of electrodes used for deep brain stimulation

High frequency electrical stimulation by means of electrodes implanted into the brain has become an accepted technique for treatment of Parkinson's disease. The electrical field distribution normally inserted into the sub thalamic nucleus minimise abnormal brain activity. Square wave pulses of 1–3.6 V with duration of 60–90 μs at a frequency range of 130–185 pps are generally used. Every electrode unit consists of four cylindrical electrodes positioned in a row and can be switched on independently. This paper determines the contact impedance of the electrodes for different frequencies and proposes improvement to reduce the contact impedance between the electrodes and the brain. Measurements were performed by placing the electrodes in a tank filled with saline. Different frequencies were applied on two electrodes via a resistor. The current was measured through the resistor and the voltage was registered between one of the electrodes and a third non current carrying electrode. The obtained values were used to calculate the contact impedance. The result shows large contact impedance for the used frequency compared to the impedance of the treated tissue, which means that variation in contact impedance can result in variation in the electrical field applied to the tissue.     

赖型钩端螺旋体重组DNApCX7的特异性鉴定和限制性内切酶谱分析

本实验将赖型钩端螺旋体（简称钩体）ＤＮＡ基因库的克隆ｐＣＸ７制备成￣（３２）Ｐ－重组ＤＮＡ探针，对８个不同血清群的１７株问号状钩体、双曲钩体ＰａｔｏｃⅠ株以及细螺旋体３０５５株ＤＮＡ进行打点杂交；同时用１５种ＤＮＡ片断进行限制性内切酶谱分析。结果表明，该重组ＤＮＡ具有问号状钩体种（Ｓｐｅｃｉｅｓ）特异性，但与不同问号状钩体之间的同源性程度有差别；限制性内切酶谱分析发现ｐＣＸ７重组ＤＮＡ片段长约１．７ｋｂ，具有１个Ｂｇ１Ⅱ识别位点和３个ＢｓｔＢ１识别位点。     

MMP-9和TIMP-1在实验性肺气肿大鼠肺组织中的表达及其意义

目的研究基质金属蛋白酶(MMP-9)及其组织抑制因子(TIMP-1)在弹性蛋白酶所致肺气肿大鼠肺组织中的表达.方法雄性Wistar大鼠20只,随机分为两组:正常对照组和肺气肿模型组,每组10只.模型组大鼠气管内滴入弹性蛋白酶复制肺气肿模型.25d后,观察各组大鼠肺组织的病理改变,免疫组化方法观察肺组织MMP-9和TIMP-1中的蛋白表达情况.结果肺气肿模型组MMP-9和TIMP-1的表达与正常对照组相比明显增强(P＜0.01),且MMP-9/TIMP-1比值失衡.结论MMP-9/TIMP-1失衡在肺气肿形成中起重要作用.     

Synthesis of 9-Halo Prostaglandin Derivatives and Their Effect on Uterus Contraction

Four 9-halo prostaglandin derivatives were designed and synthesized. Their structures were confirmed by IR, ^1HNMR, MS, etc. The effect on uterus contraction of rats was studied in vitro. It was found that compound β-Br seemed to be the most sensitive and β-Cl somewhat less, while α-Cl and α-Br had almost no action as compared with oxytocin (1 IU/ml).     

MMP-2、TIMP-2在脑胶质瘤中的表达及其意义

目的 分析MMP-2、TIMP-2的表达与脑胶质瘤恶性程度和侵袭性之间的关系。方法 采用免疫组化和原位杂交的方法,检测42例人脑胶质瘤和8例正常脑组织中,MMP-2 mRNA、MMP-2和TIMP-2蛋白表达。结果 MMP-2蛋白表达水平(LI)与肿瘤的分级呈正相关(r=0.872,P<0.01);Ⅲ、Ⅳ级与正常脑组织、Ⅰ～Ⅱ级之间均有显著的差异(P<0.01)。MMP-2mRNA表达与肿瘤的分级同样呈正相关(P<0.01);Ⅲ、Ⅳ级与正常脑组织、Ⅰ～Ⅱ级之间均有显著的差异(P<0.01)。MMP-2蛋白表达增高时TIMP-2蛋白表达也增高;但随着肿瘤恶性程度的增加,TIMP-2表达强度增加的幅度较MMP-2明显减缓。结论 MMP-2的高表达与脑胶质瘤恶性程度呈正相关;TIMP-2与MMP-2间的平衡失调与脑胶质瘤的侵袭性和恶性程度密切相关。     

病人健康问卷抑郁量表(PHQ-9)在社区老年人群中的应用——信度与效度分析

目的检验病人健康问卷抑郁量表(PHQ-9)在老年人中的信度与效度。方法应用PHQ-9对社区622名老年人进行评定,进行同质性信度研究;1周后对随机抽取的61名老人进行再次评定,进行重测信度研究;从622名老人中抽取195名进行定式精神检查(SCID-Ⅰ)抑郁量表评定,进行PHQ-9的效度研究。结果PHQ-9内部一致性系数(Cronbach′α系数)为0.8325,条目间的相关系数为0.233～0.523,各条目与量表总分的相关系数为0.451-0.693。61名老人重测PHQ-9信度系数0.934,PHQ-9的灵敏度为88%,特异度为99%。结论PHQ-9在我国社区老年人群中也具有良好的信度与效度,并且条目简洁,操作方便,易于掌握和节省时间,值得在临床,尤其是基层社区卫生中心推广使用。