骨肉瘤与活化B淋巴细胞融合疫苗的抗肿瘤效应

目的　建立骨肉瘤与活化 B淋巴细胞融合的肿瘤疫苗 ,探讨其生物学与抗肿瘤特性 .方法　以 50 0 g· L-1 聚乙二醇为融合剂 ,将 C3 h小鼠来源的 HGRPT基因缺陷型 LM9骨肉瘤细胞与脂多糖活化的小鼠 B淋巴细胞进行融合 .经HAT选择性培养基筛选后 ,再观察该融合瘤株的体内外生长特性 ,对小鼠的致瘤性以及抗肿瘤活性 .结果　该融合瘤株体外生长缓慢 ,对 C3 h小鼠无致瘤性 ,杂交瘤细胞细胞表达B7(70 .6% ) H- 2 Kb (53.4% ) ,融合疫苗保护的小鼠可获 1 0 0 %无瘤生存 (8/ 8)而 LM9和射线照射后的 L M9对照组小鼠全部死亡 (0 / 8) ,皮下接种融合疫苗治疗的荷瘤小鼠可获得80 %无瘤生存 .结论　活化 B淋巴细胞融合骨肉瘤细胞可能改变其生物学特性 ,对小鼠有较好的预防和治疗作用 ,说明了细胞融合方法构建的肿瘤疫苗具有潜在的应用价值     

经前后路联合手术治疗L5S1椎体结核

目的 探讨一期经前路病灶清除后路植骨内固定治疗L5S1椎体结核的临床疗效.方法 对40例L5S1椎体结核患者,采用一期经前路病灶清除椎体间植骨加后路椎弓根螺钉内固定植骨融合治疗.结果 所有患者随访6～24个月,35例植骨融合良好,5例融合欠佳;有1例出现尿路感染.结论 一期经前路病灶清除椎体间植骨加后路椎弓根螺钉内固定椎板植骨治疗L5S1椎体结核能在彻底清除病灶的前提下保证脊柱的稳定性,提高植骨块的融合率和缩短患者卧床时间.     

腰椎后路非融合固定系统的临床应用

复习腰椎后路非融合固定系统的设计原理、临床应用及治疗效果等相关文献,与传统的脊柱融合术相比,应用非融合系统可获得很好的疗效,并可以减少邻近节段退变的发生率。     

同时应用融合和非融合技术治疗创伤性腰椎间盘损伤(附4例临床病例报道及文献复习)

目的观察同时应用融合及非融合技术治疗腰椎间盘损伤的远期疗效,对照该术式与非手术治疗的远期疗效。方法对4例由于急性外伤引起的L4/L5及L5/S1椎间盘损伤患者进行影像学评价。根据生物力学稳定性对病变节段分别采用融合和非融合技术。手术全部经前路腹膜外切口。L5/S1采用椎间融合(自体髂骨 cage植入),L4/L5采用人工椎间盘植入。术后随访4年,摄术后X线正侧位、动力位片,术后2年MRI检查,SF36问卷调查。同期8例患者采用非手术治疗作为对照。结果术后6、12、24、36及48个月X线片显示,融合节段正侧位椎体间无移位,全部患者均有明显的骨性融合。非融合节段人工椎间盘假体位置良好,术后2年MRI显示有正常活动。同期8例非手术治疗患者5例缓解,3例因症状加重实施手术。结论前路融合技术可以有效稳定椎节,缓解腰椎不稳所致的疼痛。人工腰椎间盘植入可以有效地维持放射学稳定性,但不能完全替代正常椎间盘的功能。     

改良应用股骨髓腔绞刀行腰椎椎间植骨融合术

目的探讨应用普通股骨髓腔扩大绞刀代替专用的椎间植骨器械,进行腰椎后路椎间植骨融合术的临床经验体会,评估治疗效果。方法对我院34例应用股骨髓腔绞刀进行腰椎后路椎间植骨融合术的病例资料,进行回顾性分析。结果本组34例无围手术期硬膜及神经根损伤,无伤感染和和植骨块松脱。随访5～6年,植骨全部于6～8个月愈合,无一例植骨塌陷。按Machnab标准评定：优21例,良11例,可2例,差0例,优良率94.12%。结论改良应用股骨髓腔扩大绞刀代替专用的椎间植骨器械,作椎间植骨床的准备,效果满意,安全方便。     

后路椎间融合术治疗成人腰椎滑脱的前瞻性研究

目的前瞻性比较采用自体髂骨块和椎间融合器治疗成人腰椎滑脱的效果。方法自1998年2月～2002年2月治疗78例腰椎滑脱患者,所有患者均行椎弓根螺钉固定、后路椎间融合术,根据椎间融合材料的不同,前瞻性将患者随机分为融合器组36例(采用后方斜向单枚椎间融合器)和自体骨组42例(采用自体髂骨块)。男33例,女45例;年龄35～59岁,平均43岁。其中Ⅰ度滑脱29例,Ⅱ度滑脱39例,Ⅲ度滑脱10例。比较两组患者的基本情况、临床效果和影像学结果(融合率和手术节段椎间隙高度的变化)。结果术后随访2年～3年7个月,平均35个月。两组在性别、年龄、滑脱程度、手术时间、失血量以及住院时间上差异无显著性,两组患者均无严重并发症。融合器组优良率为88.8%,自体骨组为83.2%(P=0.99)。术后1年融合器组的融合率为86.1%,自体骨组为83.3%,两组间差异无显著性意义(P=0.87);最终随访时椎间隙高度融合器组平均减少1.7 mm,自体骨组平均减少2.6 mm,两组间差异有非常显著性意义(t=1.38,P< 0.005)。结论采用自体骨为植骨材料者术后椎间隙高度丢失明显增加,但两组之间融合率和临床优良率差异无显著性。椎间融合器和自体髂骨块均可以作为腰椎滑脱后路椎间融合的植骨材料,临床疗效好。     

同种异体骨与自体骨移植治疗青少年脊柱侧凸的比较研究

[目的]观察同种异体骨移植与自体骨移植治疗青少年脊柱侧凸的临床效果.[方法]对1996～2006年本科收治的63例青少年脊柱侧凸患者的临床资料,采用回顾性"病例-对照"研究方法进行分析,A组(同种异体骨移植组)32例,10～15岁,平均12.2岁;Cobb's角38°～113°,平均62°;B组(自体髂骨移植组)31例,年龄9～14岁,平均12.4岁;Cobb's角41°～105°,平均54°.所有患者均选择中华长城椎弓根内固定系统经后路矫正,术后定期随访并对临床效果进行评估.[结果]出院后2个月即开始随访,随访时间18～24个月,平均26个月;亦无严重并发症发生;A组的手术时间、失血量较B组患者减少,组间具有统计学意义(P＜0.01).[结论]两组患者具有相似的临床效果,在严格掌握适应证,充分术前准备、正确手术操作、及时术后处理的前提下,同种异体骨移植能够有效替代自体髂骨移植治疗青少年脊柱侧凸.     

Surgical strategy of one stage surgery of anterior release combined with posterior correction in treatment of severe scoliosis

Objective: Severe scoliosis refers to scoliosis with serious and stiff curve. It always combins with trunk imbalance in coronal and sagittal contour. Besides complex pathological changes, cardiopulmonary deficits and other concomitant diseases increase treatmental difficulties. So the treatment of severe scoliosis is always a great challenge to spine surgeon. Methods :Thirty-six patients with severe scoliosis received one stage posterior correction followed by anterior release during July 1997 to January 2003, including 9 males and 27 females. Mean age was 17.2 years. Of them, 33 was idiopathic scoliosis and 3 was neurofibromatosis scoliosis( Cobb angle: 85-116 degree); 20 cases were abnormal in sagital plane. Three-dimensional devised instrumentation were applied such as CD, CD-Horizon, TSRH or Isola in posterior procedure followed by anterior release during the same anesthesia. 31 cases of this group received thorac icplasty. Results: The correction in the frontal plane achieved an average of 48.5%. In the sagittal plane, the pathological shape of the spine was reduced and distinctly ameliorated. 80. 6% of the patients maintained or achieved balance of sagittal plane. There were no complications of severe neurological deficit, hook displacement, rod broken, and deep infection at follow-up. One case occurred traumatic pleurisy after operation and another appeared pseudarthrosis 2 years later. One case demonstrated imbalance 11 months after operation. One patient was presented loss of correction more than 10 degree at one year follow-up and 5.2 degree in average. Conclusion:The study indicates that the one stage posterior correction combined with anterior release in treatment of severe scoliosis can achieve satisfactory correction. Appropriate choice of cases, preoperational detailed assessment and application of SEP and wake-up test during operation can possibly reduce severe complication. The long-term outcomes still need further observation.     

Two-level posterior lumbar interbody fusion for degenerative disc disease: improved clinical outcome with restoration of lumbar lordosis

BACKGROUND CONTEXT: Although posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) for degenerative lumbar diseases is routine, there are few reports on double-level PLIF. PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical outcomes of double-level PLIF. STUDY DESIGN/SETTING: A retrospective study of operated cases in Gifu, Japan. PATIENT SAMPLE: Nineteen patients (8 men and 11 women, 59.5+/-10.2 years) who underwent double-level PLIF between 1996 and 2001. OUTCOME MEASURES: Operation time, blood loss, complications, the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score for back pain and lumbar sagittal alignment were evaluated. METHODS: Patients were examined retrospectively at follow-ups of 3.6+/-1.7 years. Primary diseases were spondylolisthesis, spinal canal stenosis, degenerative scoliosis and herniated intervertebral disc. Fusion areas were L3 to L5 in 15 cases and L4 to S1 in 4 cases. RESULTS: The mean JOA score increased from an initial score of 12.9+/-3.5 to 21.3+/-4.9 at the final follow-up. There was a positive correlation (R=0.718, p<.001) between the increase in lordotic angle and the increase in the JOA score. Several parameters suggested that the surgical invasiveness was not minimal. CONCLUSION: Double-level PLIF provided satisfactory results and preserved lumbar spine lordosis.     

Cervifix在陈旧性寰枢椎脱位并高位颈髓压迫症中的应用

目的:探讨Cervifix内固定系统治疗陈旧性寰枢椎脱位并脊髓不全损伤的价值。方法:36例陈旧性寰枢椎脱位并脊髓不全损伤行后路融合、Cervifix内固定。男23例、女13例,年龄15～62岁,平均38.3岁。陈旧性外伤21例,先天性畸形9例,类风湿性关节炎伴寰椎前脱位6例。结果:随访8～42个月,平均19个月。术后脊髓功能按JOA17分法评定,改善率为71.4％。全部患者均获骨性融合,内置物无松动、断裂及脊髓损伤加重等并发症。结论:Cervifix内固定可提供坚强有效的节段性固定,提高融合率。同时,可预防单纯减压融合术后早期失稳导致的高位脊髓损伤加重。