鸡血藤醇提物对血虚模型小鼠的补血作用

目的:研究鸡血藤醇提物对血虚模型小鼠的补血作用。方法:通过放血以复制小鼠失血性血虚模型;通过腹腔注射环磷酰胺(25 mg/kg)以复制小鼠化学性血虚模型;通过皮下注射乙酰苯肼(20 mg/kg)同时控制饮食以复制小鼠综合血虚模型。60只KM种小鼠随机分为正常对照(等体积生理盐水)组、模型(等体积生理盐水)组、乌鸡白凤丸(4 g/kg)组与鸡血藤醇提物高、中、低剂量(30、15、7.5 g/kg)组。制备模型的同时灌胃给药,每天1次,连续10 d。测定小鼠红细胞计数(RBC)、血红蛋白(HGB)、红细胞压积(HCT)、血小板计数(PLT)。结果:与正常对照组比较,模型组小鼠RBC、HGB、HCT、PLT降低,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。与模型组比较,鸡血藤醇提物高、中、低剂量组小鼠RBC、HGB升高,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01或P<0.05);鸡血藤醇提物高、中剂量组小鼠HCT、PLT升高,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01或P<0.05)。结论:鸡血藤醇提物对血虚模型小鼠有良好的补血作用,其机制可能与调节血液系统有关。     

The behavioural research agenda in global health: An advocate's legacy

Abstract

Two of the disciplines that have come to infuse global health with some of its current vibrancy are epidemiology and anthropology, disciplines that focus, in one way or another, on the causal importance of human behaviour in socio-political, ecological, evolutionary, and cultural context. One of the little-known stories in the history of twentieth century global health involves the works of a number of pioneering interdisciplinary scholar–practitioners, who urged a synthesis of epidemiological and anthropological perspectives in what was then called ‘tropical medicine’. One of these pioneers was Frederick L. Dunn, who forwarded lasting insights about the importance of human behavioural research in understanding infectious disease. This article provides a historical-biographical accounting of Dunn's contributions to public health in the second half of the twentieth century, arguing that his persistent advocacy of multi-level, social behavioural research and his notion of ‘causal assemblages’ were critical in the early development of the twentieth century discipline of global health.     

秋季氮磷钾配方施肥对白花前胡产量和品质的影响

目的 研究大量元素氮、磷、钾配方施肥对白花前胡产量和品质的影响,为白花前胡栽培过程中肥料的合理配施提供依据。方法 按照L₉（3⁴）正交试验设计白花前胡氮、磷、钾配施处理,测定白花前胡植株采收期的叶片长、地上部分干质量、根长、根粗、地下部分干质量;采用高效液相色谱法测定白花前胡中白花前胡甲素、白花前胡乙素、白花前胡丙素含量;按照《中华人民共和国药典》2020年版（四部）冷浸法测定醇浸出物;通过主成分分析和隶属函数分析计算不同处理对白花前胡产量和品质性状的响应值。结果 氮、磷、钾配方施肥对白花前胡的产量和品质有不同程度影响。其中,白花前胡甲素、白花前胡丙素受钾元素影响最大,白花前胡乙素受氮元素影响最大;处理3（N₀P₂K₂）的白花前胡甲素质量分数最高,达到1.559%,处理2（N₀P₁K₁）的白花前胡乙素和白花前胡丙素质量分数最高,分别达到0.252%和0.439%,相对于其他组别有显著提升;产量受氮元素影响最大,处理8（N₂P₁K₀）产量相较于空白组显著提高了75.36%,达到3 803.47 kg·hm^–2。结论 秋季适当的氮、磷、钾配施对白花前胡产量和品质有促进作用,控制氮肥施用,适当施用磷肥、钾肥有利于白花前胡的产量和品质提升。     

Total saponin from root of Actinidia Valvata Dunn prevents the metastasis of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells

Objective:To extract the active component from the root of Actinidia valvata Dunn and to investigate the effects on hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) cells in vitro.Methods:Total saponin was extracted from the root of A.valvata(TSAVD).HCC cells,such as BEL-7402,HepG2,PLC,SMMC-7721,MHCC-97-H, and MHCC-97-L,were treated with TSAVD in 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenytetrazolium bromide(MTT) assay.BEL-7402 and MHCC-97-H cells were also treated respectively with TSAVD at different concentrations for 24 h in wound healing and adhesion assays,and the effects of TSAVD on BEL-7402 and MHCC-97-H cells mobility and adhesion abilities were observed.Meanwhile,the effects of TSAVD on invasion and migration of BEL-7402 and MHCC-97-H cells were also investigated by transwell chamber in invasion and migration assays. Results:TSAVD at 1.5 mg/mL inhibited BEL-7402 cell proliferation with inhibition ratios(IRs) of 61.08%,74.12%, 84.55%at 24,48,and 72 h,respectively.Meanwhile,TSAVD inhibited MHCC-97-H proliferation in a concentrationdependent manner from 1.5 to 0.5 mg/mL,with the IR of 36%at 1.5 mg/mL at 24 h.For SMMC-7721,PLC, and HepG2,the IR was lower than 30%at 1.5 mg/mL at 24 h.In the wound healing assay,mobility abilities of BEL-7402 and MHCC-97-H cells in TSAVD treated groups were significantly weaker than those of the control group.After pretreatment for 24 h with TSAVD,adhesion abilities were reduced in both MHCC-97-H and BEL-7402 cells,with IRs of 48.50%±4.86%and 49.85%±5.25%at 200 |xg/mL.The IRs of MHCC-97-H and BEL-7402 cells in the migration assay were 49.13%±2.91%and 79.37%±0.09%at 200μg/mL In the invasion assay,IRs were 69.78%±4.88%and 82.48%±0.25%at 200μg/mL Conclusions:Of all HCC cells,the highest inhibition by TSAVD was seen for BEL-7402 proliferation.TSAVD could restrain adhesion,invasion,mobility,and migration abilities of BEL-7402 and MHCC-97-H cells in vitro.     

红血藤化学成分的研究(Ⅱ)

目的:研究红血藤Spatholobus sinensis藤茎的化学成分.方法:利用溶剂法和色谱法对红血藤藤茎的化学成分进行提取与分离,运用波谱技术鉴定其结构.结果:从红血藤藤茎中分离得到了8个化合物,分别鉴定为zizyvoside Ⅰ(1),红血藤苷B(spatholosineside B) (2),ethyl 2,4-dihydroxybenzote(3),bis(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate(4),2-palmitoylglycerol(5),1-(26-hydroxyhexacosanoyl)-glycerol(6),羽扇豆醇(7)和β-谷甾醇(8).结论:化合物2为新化合物,化合物7,8为首次从红血藤中分离得到,化合物1,3～6均为首次从密花豆属植物中获得.     

叶面肥对管萼山豆根生长量的影响△

研究不同类型叶面肥对管萼山豆根生长的影响。采用尿素（处理A）、磷酸二氢钾（处理B）、国光壮多（处理C）、美乐棵（处理D）、清水（CK）分别对叶面进行喷施。结果表明：施用尿素（处理A）的效果最好,施用磷酸二氢钾（处理B）效果次之,而施用美乐棵（处理D）和国光壮多（处理C）效果不佳。合理施用叶面肥,可改善管萼山豆根的生长状况。     

甘木通抗心肌缺血的有效部位与作用研究

 目的 研究甘木通抗心肌缺血的有效部位及抗心肌缺血作用。方法 甘木通乙醇提取物被分离成6个组分,记录各组分对结扎家兔冠状动脉左前降支后Ⅱ导联心电图T波与S-T段的影响,筛选出有效组分。然后实验分为假手术组、心肌缺血模型组、甘木通组(高、低剂量和丹参对照组,记录缺血前后的Ⅱ导联心电图,1 h后,取血测定血清肌酸激酶(CK、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD及丙二醛(MDA水平;另取缺血区心肌检测凋亡细胞及凋亡相关基因Bcl-2与Bax的蛋白表达。结果 甘木通乙醇提取物的乙酸乙酯部分能明显改善心肌缺血后Ⅱ导联心电图T波与S-T段的偏移,经定性检测具有黄酮类成分的特性。与模型组比较,甘木通提取物乙酸乙酯部分能明显降低心肌缺血家兔血清CK、LDH和MDA水平和升高SOD水平(P<0.01;显著抑制心肌缺血引起的细胞凋亡,增加Bcl-2和抑制Bax的蛋白表达(P<0.01。结论 甘木通提取物的乙酸乙酯部分是其抗心肌缺血的主要有效部分,具有黄酮类特性,通过提高抗氧化能力和抑制细胞凋亡发挥抗心肌缺血作用。     

制备液相色谱分离制备玉郎伞查尔酮类化合物

目的 对壮药玉郎伞查尔酮类化合物进行分离制备和结构鉴定.方法 利用制备液相色谱分离、制备查尔酮类化合物,经HPLC测定其质量分数、用UV,IR,MS,1D、2D-NMR,X射线单晶衍射等对其进行结构鉴定.结果 从玉郎伞中首次分离制备出两种查尔酮类化合物,其结构分别为cis-2,6-二甲氧基查尔酮和cis-17-甲氧基-7-羟基-苯骈呋喃查尔酮.结论 该方法制备玉郎伞查尔酮类化合物质量分数很高,且简便、快速、可靠.     

鸡血藤中黄酮成分的高速逆流色谱分离及其抗肿瘤活性研究

目的采用高速逆流色谱(HSCCC)技术分离纯化鸡血藤中的黄酮类抗肿瘤活性成分。方法运用活性跟踪分离思路,优化制备型HSCCC分离条件,快速分离鸡血藤醋酸乙酯萃取物中的黄酮类单体化合物;根据理化性质和波谱方法(ESI-MS、UV、NMR等)鉴定化合物结构;采用MTT方法并结合细胞形态学观察评价化合物对人肺癌细胞A549的抗肿瘤活性。结果利用正己烷-醋酸乙酯-甲醇-水四元两相溶剂体系,通过HSCCC法从鸡血藤醋酸乙酯萃取物中分离得到2个黄酮类成分,鉴定为甘草素(CS1)和刺芒柄花素(CS2),HPLC峰面积归一化法分析二者的质量分数分别为93.6%和94.3%。MTT法抗肿瘤活性测定发现CS1对A549细胞显示增殖抑制活性,当质量浓度为200μg/mL时对A549细胞的增殖抑制率为49.9%。结论可以采用HSCCC技术分离纯化鸡血藤提取物中的黄酮类抗肿瘤活性成分,该方法快速、简便、经济,为鸡血藤活性成分研究提供了技术依据。     

毛萼香茶菜中1个新的对映-贝壳杉烷二萜类化合物

目的对毛萼香茶菜Isodoneriocalyx茎叶的化学成分进行研究。方法采用多种色谱方法进行分离纯化,通过理化性质及光谱数据对化合物进行结构鉴定。结果从毛萼香茶菜茎叶中分离得到1个二萜类化合物,鉴定为15β-乙酰氧基-1α-羟基-7α,20-环氧-对映-贝壳杉-16-烯-6-酮。结论该化合物为新的对映-贝壳杉烷二萜类化合物,命名为毛萼辛素。