超声引导下经皮穿刺置管引流在肝脓肿治疗中的应甩

目的 探讨超声引导下经皮穿刺置管引流在肝脓肿治疗中的效果。 方法 回顾性分析我科在2010 年1 月- 2012 年12月超声引导下经皮穿刺置管引流治疗肝脓肿患者110 例（156 个病灶） 治疗情况及并发症发生情况。 结果 110 例（156 个病灶）均穿刺置管成功,置管成功率100%。其中86 例在穿刺置管引流后临床症状及体征消失,超声检查肝内脓腔消失,血常规白细胞总数和中性粒细胞数正常,痊愈率达到78.2%（86/110）。本组并发症发生率为4.55%（5/110）。 结论 超声引导下经皮穿刺置管引流治疗肝脓肿临床疗效可靠、创伤小、并发症少、复发率低,具备较高临床推广价值。     

Abdominal Ultrasound-Guided Embryo Transfer Improves Clinical Pregnancy Rates After In Vitro Fertilization: Experiences from 330 Clinical Investigations

Purpose: To investigate the effect of ultrasound-guided embryo transfer on the rate of implantation and clinical pregnancy.Methods: A prospective randomized trial was performed to compare ultrasound-guided embryo transfer with the traditional method. A total of 330 patients were randomly divided into two groups on the day of embryo transfer. For the cases (n = 178), ultrasound-guided was used; controls (n = 152) was performed using routine methods.Results: The rate of implantation and clinical pregnancy for the cases (19.6 and 37.1%, respectively) was significantly higher than for the controls (12.6 and 25%, respectively; p < 0.05).Conclusion: Ultrasound-guided embryo transfer can significantly increase the rate of implantation and clinical pregnancy, and should be recommended as a routine procedure in the process of in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET).     

卵巢囊肿超声引导穿刺术

目的探讨卵巢囊肿超声引导穿刺术的疗效。方法应用超声引导卵巢囊肿穿刺,抽吸囊液后,随后注入无水酒精,观察、检测囊肿变化并准确记录。结果 70例卵巢囊肿中,治愈63例(90.4%),显效4例(5.71%),无效3例(4.29%),总有效率(95.71%)。结论卵巢囊肿超声引导穿刺术疗效显著。     

State-of-the-art imaging techniques in endoscopic ultrasound

Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) has recently evolved through technological improvement of equipment,with a major clinical impact in digestive and mediastinal diseases.State-of-the-art EUS equipment now includes real-time sono-elastography,which might be useful for a better characterization of lesions and increased accuracy of differential diagnosis (for e.g.lymph nodes or focal pancreatic lesions).Contrast-enhanced EUS imaging is also available,and is already being used for the differential diagnosis of focal p...     

纤维支气管镜检查对结节病诊断的临床价值

目的 评价经纤维支气管镜下不同取材对结节病诊断的价值.方法 回顾性分析50例经纤维支气管镜检查,采用肺内活检(包括经支气管黏膜活检和经纤维支气管镜肺活检)、经气管镜针吸活检(TBNA)和经气管镜超声引导针吸活检术(EBUS-TBNA)等方法获取标本,经病理学或细胞学检查确诊为结节病的患者,比较不同取材及联合取材检测结节...     

经支气管镜超声内镜针吸活检应用进展

气管镜超声引导针吸活检术是近年来出现的一项新的微创诊断技术,目前有关其在肺癌诊断和分期中的应用价值、诊断纵隔淋巴结等病变正日益引起人们的关注。本文就这一技术的临床应用现状作一综述。     

Rare pancreatic neoplasms: the utility of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration—a large single center study

Background  Tumors other than ductal adenocarcinomas constitute 10%–15% of all pancreatic tumors. We describe the performance and pitfalls of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) for diagnosis of these rare pancreatic tumors and their characteristic cytopathological features. Methods  The records of 455 pancreatic fine-needle aspiration procedures done between March 1997 and August 2006 at Aichi Cancer Center, Nagoya, Japan, were reviewed. Besides cytology, aspirated material was routinely submitted in formalin for cell-block analysis. The reference standard for final diagnosis was surgical pathology from resected specimens. Results  Twenty-eight rare (nonductal adenocarcinomas) pancreatic tumors were identified. Overall, EUS-FNA with the results of cytology, cell-block processing, and immunohistochemistry could correctly diagnose the type of neoplasm in 19 (67.9%) cases. EUS-FNA could distinguish benign from malignant rare tumors with a sensitivity of 69.2%, a specificity of 100%, positive predictive value of 100%, negative predictive value of 79.0%, and accuracy of 85.7%. None of three malignant pancreatic endocrine neoplasms could be diagnosed as malignant. An adequate core tissue sample could be obtained in 21 cases (75.0%) and provide a histopathological diagnosis in 19 (67.9%) cases. EUS-FNA could change the presumptive diagnosis in 11 (39.3%) cases. Specific immunochemical studies were useful adjuncts to the diagnosis. No major or minor complication was noted in any patient. Conclusions  Pancreatic neoplasms other than ductal adenocarcinomas have diverse imaging and histopathological features. EUS-FNA is accurate and safe for their identification.     

Multicenter randomized controlled trial comparing the performance of 22 gauge versus 25 gauge EUS–FNA needles in solid masses

Abstract

Background and aims. Few randomized studies have assessed the clinical performance of 25-gauge (25G) needles compared with 22-gauge (22G) needles during endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS–FNA) biopsy of intra-abdominal lesions. We aimed to compare the diagnostic yield, as well as performance characteristics of 22G versus 25G EUS biopsy needles by determining their diagnostic capabilities, the number of needle passes as well as cellularity of aspirated tissue specimen. Methods. The study is a prospective, randomized, multicenter study. Patients were referred between January 2009 and January 2010 for diagnostic EUS including EUS-guided FNA of different lesions adjacent to the upper GI tract. All patients were randomized to EUS–FNA performed with either a 22G or 25G aspiration needle. Results. EUS–FNA was performed in 135 patients (62 patients with a 22G needle). Sensitivity and specificity of the 22G needle was 94.1% and 95.8%, respectively, and for the 25G needle 94.1% and 100%, respectively. Investigators reported better visualization and performance for the 22G needle compared to the 25G (p < 0.0001). The number of tissue slides obtained was higher for the 22G needle during the second and third needle passes (p < 0.05). We did not observe significant differences between the number and preservation status of obtained cells (p > 0.05). Conclusions. A significant difference was found between the two types of needles in terms of reduced visualization of the 25G needle and suboptimal performance rating. However, this did not impact on overall results since both needles were equally successful in terms of a high diagnostic yield and overall accuracy.     

微创经皮肾镜取石术治疗上尿路结石的临床应用336例报道

目的:探讨微创经皮肾镜取石术(mPCNL)治疗肾结石和输尿管上段结石的方法及效果。方法:分析我院2009年11月～2012年11月自主开展的mPCNL 336例。结果:男206例,女130例,年龄16～80岁,平均年龄(47.6±12.1)岁。左侧上尿路结石141例,其中左肾结石93例,左输尿管上段结石20例,左肾结石合并左输尿管上段结石28例;右侧183例,其中右肾结石127例,右输尿管上段结石31例,右肾结石合并右输尿管上段结石25例;双侧上尿路结石12例,其中3例肾结石合并对侧输尿管上段结石,5例双肾结石,4例双侧输尿管上段结石。其中肾铸型结石33例,肾脏多发性结石86例,孤立肾结石6例。结石1.5～7.0cm大小不等,平均(3.1±1.4)cm。336例一期均成功建立经皮肾镜微创通道,手术时间30～240 min,平均(117.0±42.1)min。1例中转开放切除患肾。1例中转开放取石。67例患者一次碎石不完全,有结石残留>8 mm。8例患者一次碎石效果不满意,二次经皮肾镜碎石,其中6例结石清除完全。6例患者术后1周内发生急性大出血,均保守治疗成功。1例通道经过胸膜腔,用凡士林纱布填塞瘘道后吸收愈合。其中145例采用"无管化"。本组无腹腔脏器损伤等严重并发症。总结石取尽率为81.8%。结论:MPCNL治疗肾结石及(或)合并输尿管上段结石安全、有效,具有创伤小,恢复快等优势。