替硝唑葡萄糖注射液的稳定性研究

采用反相ＨＰＬＣ法测定替硝唑葡萄糖注射液中替硝唑的含量，用加温加速实验研究该制剂的热稳定动力学。结果表明，替硝唑的热降解反应为一级动力学过程，在５０、６５、８０、９５℃时的降解速度常数分别为５．５８×１０－４、２．６６×１０－３、８．１０×１０－３、２．８２×１０－２ｄ－１，为８．３年，半衰期为３９．５年。     

解磷注射液救治急性有机磷农药中毒34例临床报告

将急性有机磷农药中毒患者69例随机分为2组,一组主要应用解磷注射液治疗(新疗法34例),另一组(35例)主要应用阿托品治疗。两组治愈率分别为97.1％及77.1％,疗效比较差异显著(P<0.05)。新疗法的优点是起效快,作用持久,疗程短(两组比较P<0.001),副反应轻,值得推广应用。并就应用方法及注意事项等作了探讨,也强调了早期足量用药的重要性。     

核桃仁泥外敷治疗肌肉注射后皮下硬结的疗效观察

采用核桃仁泥外敷治疗１３８例（实验组）肌肉注射后皮下硬结，并与４０例（对照组）采用新鲜土豆片外敷硬结法比较。结果表明：实验组患者治疗１５天后Ⅰ度和Ⅱ度硬结治愈率分别为８１．１３％和４２．２５％，总有效率达９２．０３％，明显优于对照组（Ｐ＜０．００１）。     

胫骨髁间嵴增生在膝关节退行性变诊断中的临床价值探讨

本研究分３组，典型膝关节退行性变组（简称退变组）５０例，早期膝关节退行性变组（简称早退组）１５例，对照组３０例。分别测量每组Ｘ线片的内、外侧胫骨髁间嵴角与内、外侧嵴高平台比值。经统计学处理，两指标所测值在退变组与对照组及早退组与对照组之间有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０５），而退变组与早退组之间则无显著性差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）。结果表明：胫骨髁间嵴硬化变尖不仅是膝关节退行性变的特征性表现之一，而且是其早期Ｘ线征象。     

Radiographic study of osteoarthritic elbows in professional basebal pitchers

We examined radiographs of the elbows of the pitching arms of 79 professional baseball pitchers (mean age, 25.1 years; mean duration of professional career, 4.7 years) and noted the frequency and size of spurs, bone fragments, and intra-articular loose bodies according to site. The influence of duration of professional baseball career on these osteoarthritic changes was also investigated. The olecranon tip was the most frequent site of spurs (62/79; 78.5%), and fragmentation of the spur was detected in 17 joints. The frequency of spurs was also high at the medial margin of the olecranon, the tip of the coronoid process, the medial margin of the sigmoid notch, the medial margin of the trochlea and the olecranon fossa. In 38 subjects, spurs were observed at the distal portion of the radial notch of the ulna. However, few pitchers had osteoarthritic changes in the humeral capitellum or radial head. Intra-articular loose bodies were detected in 4 of 79 joints (5.1%), and bone fragments were present below the medial humeral epicondyle in 25 of 79 joints (31.6%). Osteoarthritic changes in the elbow joint appeared to be attributable mainly to traction stress and impingement associated with extension and valgus strain. Significant osteoarthritic changes were often found in professional pitchers whose careers exceeded 5 years.     

神经生长因子对小鼠突触体内Ca^2＋水平的调节作用

观察了多次海马内微注射ＮＧＦ对小鼠突触体内游离钙水平的影响，并在离体情况下观察ＮＧＦ对ＥＧＴＡ和ＣａＣｌ２分别造成突触体内低钙和高钙状态的调节作用。结果如下：（１）在体实验表明，一定剂量的ＮＧＦ可显著降低老年小鼠海马突触体内游离钙水平（Ｐ＜００５）；（２）离体实验表明，当突触体游离钙水平降低时，适当剂量的ＮＧＦ具有升高游离钙水平的作用；而突触体内游离钙水平升高时，则ＮＧＦ有降低游离钙水平的作用。提示ＮＧＦ对游离钙水平的双向调节作用可能是ＮＧＦ改善老年性记忆衰退的作用机制。     

胚胎颅骨骨膜移植修复髋关节软骨大面积缺损

１９９０年５月～１９９４年４月，对４２例（４７个髋）关节软骨全厚缺损患者采用冷冻保存胚胎颅骨骨膜移植进行修复，其中１４例股骨头骨质Ⅳ期坏死者，同时施行带旋髂深血管蒂髂骨植骨。对３４例（３８个髋）进行了２年～６年（平均４０个月）随访。结果表明，按照吴之康髋关节人工置换术后疗效评定标准，优良２５例，很好５例，好３例，尚可１例。认为，与自体移植物修复关节软骨大面积缺损相比，这种方法无附加损伤，具有移植材料、形态与股骨头相似等特点，是治疗髋关节软骨大面积缺损的一种有效方法。     

内皮素鞘内注射后的脊髓形态学观察

对18只大鼠进行内皮素脊髓鞘内注射,观察及记录大鼠后肢功能状态,并将18只大鼠分为3个不同的时间处死,进行病理形态学观察。结果表明:3组均表现缺血缺氧病理改变。2及4h实验组病变重于30min实验组。脊髓下胸段、腰段病变重于颈段及骶尾段。同时发现,大鼠后肢的功能状态与其脊髓相应的病理形态学变化不呈正比。     

免疫球蛋白联合鞘内注射激素治疗重症格林-巴利综合征

目的观察免疫球蛋白联合鞘内注射激素治疗重症格林-巴利综合征的疗效。方法应用Hughes量表评价疗效。结果治疗组起效时间明显短于对照组,治疗组Hughes临床分级评分改善明显优于对照组。结论免疫球蛋白联合鞘内注射激素治疗重症格林-巴利综合征可缩短病程、缓解急性期症状。     

Clinical and radiological profile of symptomatic knee osteoarthritis in Malaysia

Aims: To create a clinical and radiological profile of patients with symptomatic osteoarthritis of the knee in Malaysia. Methods: One hundred consecutive patients presenting with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis at a private rheumatology clinic were profiled for demographic and clinical features. Anteroposterior weight‐bearing, skyline and lateral knee X‐rays were taken. Statistical Package for Social Sciences was used for data analysis. Results: Women predominated (93%). Fifty‐eight percent of the patients reported bilateral knee pain. Difficulty in walking, climbing and squatting was high (85%, 97% and 93% respectively). Patients with knee pain had a higher BMI than controls. Radiological abnormality, related to osteoarthritis was present in 97%. Osteophytes were generally tricompartmental while joint space narrowing was less evident in the lateral tibiofemoral joint than in the medial tibiofemoral joint and the patellofemoral joint. Almost half (49%) the patients manifested radiological varus deformity The severity of radiological abnormality increased with age. Although patients with unilateral pain had milder radiological abnormality, it tended to be bilateral. Clinically detectable hip abnormality and nodal osteoarthritis were uncommon, as was radiological chondrocalcinosis. Conclusions: Patients presenting with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis to a rheumatology service had a high degree of disability, radiological abnormality and varus deformity. Radiological abnormalities were essentially bilateral and tricompartmental.