Psychopathology influences treatment retention among drug-dependent women

Three subgroups of drug dependent women (N = 78) were identified through cluster analysis on MCMI-II scores. Group 1 (26%) presented a relatively benign clinical picture. In contrast, Group 2 (37%) evidenced severe addiction, psychiatric (Axis I), and personality (Axis II) problems. Group 3 (37%) was characterized by fewer Axis I problems, prominent addiction and externalizing (Cluster B) personality deficits. Group membership was significantly associated with retention in a gender-specific day treatment program. Group 2 experienced rapid attrition, with only 36% completing treatment, compared to 57% for Group 1 and 76% for Group 3. Results indicate that drug-dependent women with externalizing psychopathology can be retained in treatment when environmental barriers are removed and an adequate “holding environment” is maintained. However, women with severe psychiatric problems, unstable mood, and interpersonal deficits are less likely to complete treatment. Early identification of women at risk for drop-out affords an opportunity to intervene to prevent its occurrence.     

The perirhinal cortex and long-term spatial memory in rats

Two experiments examined the effects of perirhinal cortex and hippocampal neurotoxic lesions on the retention of allocentric information. Perirhinal (Expt. 1) and hippocampal rats (Expt. 2) were trained on an allocentric task until they reached a performance equal to that of the control groups. Results showed that 24 days after acquisition, during a retraining period, only the hippocampal rats presented a deficit in retention. These results suggest that the perirhinal cortex and the hippocampus can be functionally dissociated in terms of their participation in the formation of long-term spatial memory. Also, the allocentric spatial memory functions of the hippocampus seem not to depend on their afferent connections with the perirhinal cortex.     

受SnpR激活的snpA启动子调控的柔红霉素C-14羟化酶基因的克隆、表达和应用研究

尝试将柔红霉素经微生物转化法合成多柔比星。从Streptomyces sp．C5中通过PCR的方法扩增了含核糖体结合位点、大小为1.3kb的编码C-14柔红霉素羟化酶的doxA基因及受SnpR调控的snpA启动子。最终构建的重组质粒pYG908，能表达一大小为46.6ku的蛋白条带，CO结合差光谱分析表明所表达的酶在450nm有吸收峰。重组质粒转化Streptomyces lividans TK24后，工程菌能转化柔红霉素生成和多柔比星保留时间一样的产物。     

颈外静脉留置针在院前急救中的应用

目的为了观察静脉留置针在院前急救中的作用。方法采用观察38例颈外静脉穿刺留置针与52例肢体静脉（肘部、腕部、大隐静脉）穿刺的多项数据比较。结果穿刺所需时间、一次穿刺成功率、液体流畅与导管脱出与否及血压上升情况等，颈静脉穿刺组均显著优于肢体静脉穿刺组p〈0．05和0．01（x^2=5．547-12．005）。结论院前急救中颈外静脉留置针是静脉穿刺的首选方法。     

Retention of spatial information in hippocampally damaged rats overtrained on a cartographic task

Hippocampal rats were overtrained on a cartographic task until they reached a performance equal to that of the control group. Twenty-four days later, during a retraining period, lesioned rats showed a profound retention deficit as compared to controls. However, Expt. 2 shows no retention deficit when a guidance strategy is used to acquire the spatial task. These results suggest that the hippocampus is crucial for long-term retention/consolidation of allocentric spatial information.     

中药保留灌肠治疗溃疡性结肠炎疗效的系统评价

目的评价中药保留灌肠治疗溃疡性结肠炎的疗效。方法应用国际Cochrane协作网系统评价方法，对中药保留灌肠治疗溃疡性结肠炎的随机对照试验（RCT）进行系统评价。计算机检索（1995～2005年）EMBASE、中国生物医学文献数据库、中国期刊网等。手工检索发表与未发表的文献，纳入中药与传统西药治疗措施相比较的随机对照试验，统计学处理采用Cochrane协作网的Rev Man 4.2软件。结果共纳入23个RCT试验。短期结果显示中药灌肠组比对照组的疗效好，8个RCT结果显示中药灌肠组有效率（92.8%）高于口服柳氮磺吡啶组（89.9%），3个RCT结果显示中药灌肠组有效率（93.1%）高于庆大霉素加皮质激素灌肠组（71.6%），4个RCT结果显示中药灌肠组有效率（94.2%）高于柳氮磺吡啶加皮质激素组（74.9%）。中药灌肠治疗未发现明显不良反应。结论该研究所纳入试验的方法学质量均较低，虽显示中药灌肠疗法在改善溃疡性结肠炎近期临床疗效指标方面优于常规西药疗法，但因无评价远期疗效的试验，尚不能对其疗效得出可靠的结论。     

海洛因成瘾者社区美沙酮维持治疗脱失和保持的定性研究

目的:了解四川省西昌市海洛因成瘾者社区美沙酮维持治疗脱失和保持情况及其影响因素。方法:2005年12月-2006年1月,从四川省西昌市美沙酮维持治疗社区中分别选取87名参加维持治疗的吸毒者和50名相关社区人员进行美沙酮维持治疗脱失和保持情况及影响因素的个人深入访谈。结果:西昌市参加社区美沙酮维持治疗的吸毒者脱失的主要原因是因偷吸而被强制戒毒和外出;保持的主要影响因素是参加治疗的吸毒者主动与吸毒伙伴减少来往和积极工作。社区对美沙酮的主要影响因素是美沙酮维持治疗的知晓和了解程度低、对参加治疗的吸毒者仍存在偏见。结论:应对美沙酮维持治疗的参加者开展干预服务提高保持率,同时加大社区宣传减少社会偏见。     

缓冲型套筒冠在口腔修复中的应用研究

缓冲型套筒冠是一种新型的固定-活动修复体,其独特的修复机制和固位原理使其越来越多的应用于临床,同时给疑难病例提供了一种可选择的有效的治疗方法。本文就缓冲型套筒冠口腔修复的生物力学机制理论、影响固位的因素及影响使用寿命的因素予以综述。     

急性重症胰腺炎生大黄两种治疗途径对比研究

目的:对比研究经胃管和高位灌肠不同途径给予生大黄治疗急性重症胰腺炎的治疗效果。方法:SAP患者40例随机分为A组(n=20)和B组(n=20),在综合治疗基础上A组给予胃管注入生大黄。B组给予生大黄高位保留灌肠,观察患者腹痛及腹胀缓解、肠功能恢复、血淀粉酶、C-反应蛋白恢复正常时间及住院天数。结果:灌肠组患者的腹痛、腹胀缓解时间,胃肠道功能恢复时间,C-反应蛋白恢复正常时间,住院天数明显短于胃管注入组,有显著性差异(P<0.05),但血淀粉酶恢复时间无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论:生大黄高位保留灌肠途径能有效地控制急性重症胰腺炎,缩短病程。     

Treatment of postpartum retention of urine by electroacupuncture in 100 cases

Treatment of 100 cases of postpartum retention by electroacupuncture Sanyinjiao (SP 6), Yinlingquan (SP 9), Zigong (Ex-CA I), Liniao (Ex-CA), Zhongji (CV 3) and Hegu (LI 4), and the effective rate was 98%. Author: SU Ai-lan (1968- ), female, attending physician Translator: XIAO Yuan-chun