Arthroscopic evaluation after osteochondral autogenous transfer with osteotomy of medial malleolus for osteochondral lesion of the talar dome

BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to investigate the second-look arthroscopic evaluation after osteochondral autogenous transfer (OAT) for osteochondral lesion of the talar dome (OLT) with the criteria of the International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS).MethodsTen patients (twelve ankles) with OLT underwent OAT with osteotomy of the medial malleolus. Clinical outcomes were evaluated using the American Orthopedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot scale. The condition of the transplanted cartilage was evaluated at the time of second-look arthroscopy using the ICRS Cartilage Repair Assessment.ResultsThe AOFAS ankle-hindfoot scale was significantly improved from 65.1 ± 1.9 points before surgery to 98.1 ± 2.8 points at the time of second-look arthroscopy (p < 0.01). The ICRS Cartilage Repair Assessment was 11.4 points on average (9–12 points).ConclusionsThe OAT for OLT is considered to be a useful treatment even if invasion by medial malleolus osteotomy is added.Level of evidenceLevel IV, Case series.     

膝骨关节炎患者关节滑液中骨桥蛋白和软骨寡聚基质蛋白水平与疾病严重程度相关性

目的:探讨膝骨关节炎（knee osteoarthritis,KOA）患者关节滑液中骨桥蛋白（osteopontin,OPN）和软骨寡聚基质蛋白（cartilage oligomeric matrix protein,COMP）水平与疾病严重程度的相关性。方法：选取2018年2月至2020年5月收治的59例KOA患者作为KOA组,其中男25例,女34例;年龄60~75（65.57±1.56）岁;体质量指数（body mass index,BMI）21.4~30.7（26.12±1.54） kg/m²。采用Kellgren-Lawrence（K-L）分级对X线结果进行评估,其中Ⅱ级（K-L2组）14例,Ⅲ级（K-L3组）27例,Ⅳ级（K-L4组）18例。另选取18例因韧带或半月板疾病进行关节镜检查且无软骨损伤患者作为对照组,男7例,女11例;年龄61~78（64.88±1.60）岁;BMI 22.8~29.9（25.89±1.49） kg/m²。治疗前采集研究对象关节滑液样本,采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测关节滑液OPN、COMP水平,比较KOA组与对照组关节滑液OPN、COMP水平。比较不同K-L分级KOA患者性别、年龄、BMI等临床资料,采用酶联免疫试验检测其关节滑液中白细胞介素-1β（interleukin -1β,IL-1β）,OPN,COMP,基质金属蛋白酶3（matrix metalloproteinase -3,MMP-3）水平,比较不同K-L分级KOA患者临床资料和生化指标,采用Logistic回归分析影响KOA患者K-L分级的因素,采用ROC曲线下面积（area under the curve,AUC）预测KOA疾病严重程度。结果：59例KOA患者获得随访,时间8~27（15.75±3.27）个月。KOA组关节滑液OPN、COMP水平高于对照组（P<0.001）。K-L2组、K-L3组、K-L4组IL-1β、OPN、COMP、MMP-3水平比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.001）;与K-L2组比较,K-L3、K-L4关节滑液关节滑液IL-1β、OPN、COMP、MMP-3 水平均升高（P<0.05）;与K-L3组比较,K-L4关节滑IL-1β、OPN、COMP、MMP-3水平均升高（P<0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示：关节滑液OPN、COMP、MMP-3水平是影响KOA患者K-L分级的独立危险因素（OR=6.653, 4.229,1.579,P<0.001）。关节滑液OPN预测K-L4级KOA的AUC为0.720[95%CI（0.588-0.851）],灵敏度为94.4%,特异度为65.9%;关节滑液COMP预测K-L4级KOA的AUC为0.731[95%CI（0.592-0.870）],灵敏度为88.9%,特异度为63.4%;关节滑液OPN联合COMP预测K-L4级KOA的AUC为0.839[95%CI（0.724-0.953）],灵敏度为94.4%,特异度为51.2%;OPN联合COMP预测K-L4级KOA的AUC大于单独OPN、COMP的AUC（Z=4.037,3.540,P<0.05）。结论：KOA患者关节滑液OPN、COMP水平升高,并随着K-L分级增加而升高。关节滑液OPN、COMP是影响KOA患者K-L分级的独立危险因素,二者预测K-L4级KOA 的AUC、灵敏度、特异度高,可用于评估KOA疾病进展。     

胶原纤维与软骨细胞体外培养的实验研究

目的　研究应用胶原纤维作为组织工程技术中细胞培养支架的可行性。方法　未经预湿和经预湿处理的胶原纤维支架与人胚关节软骨细胞体外培养 ,采用光镜和电镜观察其亲水性及对细胞吸附力和细胞功能的影响。结果　软骨细胞均匀地分布于胶原纤维支架内 ,经预湿处理后的支架细胞分布更为迅速均匀 ;软骨细胞吸附于支架纤维表面 ,细胞生长代谢旺盛 ,合成分泌细胞外基质。结论　胶原纤维支架具有良好的亲水性 ,有利于软骨细胞的吸附和生长 ,可以作为组织工程技术中细胞培养的支架材料。     

非编码RNA在骨关节炎中的研究进展

骨关节炎是一种常见的关节退行性疾病,已经成为世界上引起老年人残疾的主要疾病之一,严重影响患者生活质量。目前对骨关节炎研究表明非编码RNA在骨关节炎发生发展过程中发挥重要作用,对非编码RNA的研究可能对骨关节炎的早期诊断和治疗临床转化提供一定的理论基础。本文对目前研究热点的非编码RNA的研究现状进行综述,分别阐述非编码RNA的分类,及各自的作用机制和功能,并对其发展前景进行了展望。     

胫骨高位截骨术后二次镜下探查软骨修复情况

目的:评估胫骨高位截骨术后膝关节内软骨修复情况。方法:选取2017年9月至2019年9月行胫骨高位截骨术,并在取内固定时再次镜下探查患者11例;其中男2例,女9例,年龄55～64岁。手术前后取内固定时留取内外间室图片并采用国际软骨修复协会软骨损伤分级系统(International Cartilage Repair Society grading systerm,ICRS)评估内外侧股骨髁与胫骨平台软骨损伤程度,采用美国西安大略与麦克马斯特大学骨关节炎指数评分(the Westrn Ontarioand Mcmaster Universities osteoarthritis index,WOMAC)与下肢力线比率(weight bearing line,WBL)评估临床效果与力线矫正情况。结果:11例患者均获得随访,时间12～22个月;所有患者的内侧股骨髁与胫骨平台损伤软骨得到不同程度的修复,WOMAC评分总分由术前的102～127分改善至41～52分,下肢力线比率由术前的17%～34%矫正至58%～64%;所有切口Ⅰ期愈合,术中及术后无内固定断裂、感染等并发症发生。结论:经胫骨高位截骨术矫正下肢力线,可以改善膝关节疼痛与功能障碍,并且损伤的内侧间室软骨可被不同程度修复。     

The effect of platelet-rich plasma on osteochondral defects treated with mosaicplasty

Purpose

This study investigated the efficacy of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on articular surfaces on which the mosaicplasty technique was performed. Our hypothesis was that PRP can accelerate the osseointegration process and enhance the quality of articular integrity after the mosaicplasty procedure.

Methods

Standard defects were created in the femoral groove of both patellofemoral joints of 12 New Zealand rabbits. PRP solution was placed inside the defect before fixation of the osteochondral autografts and injected inside the involved joint after capsular closure of the tested knees. The contralateral knees served as the control sides. The animals were euthanized three or six weeks after mosaicplasty, and both limbs were assessed according to Pineda’s histological grading scale. Significance level was set at p ≤ 0.05 a priori, and the Mann–Whitney U test was used for statistical analysis.

Results

Histologic findings at the interface between the transferred autograft and the original cartilage revealed better integration of the adjacent surfaces in the mosaicplasty with PRP group three weeks after the procedure; the difference was significant (p < 0.05). However, no significant difference in the transition zone was observed between the groups six weeks after the experiment (p = 0.59).

Conclusions

Our animal model showed that adjunctive use of PRP produced a better healing response and resulted in superior histological scores after three weeks compared with the mosaicplasty-only procedure. Interpretation of our results is important in terms of rapid return to previous activity levels. Thus, application of PRP can represent a valid therapeutic option for improving the efficacy of mosaicplasty by stimulating the local healing response.