中西医一体化防治增生性瘢痕的研究现状

皮肤瘢痕是一个巨大的医学问题,每年约有1亿患者产生瘢痕。瘢痕的预防/治疗在很大程度上还没有得到满足的临床需求。瘢痕的形成通常是皮肤创伤的病理结果。而增生性瘢痕(hypertrophic scar,HTS)常发生在人深部损伤后。HTS通常被认为是组织收缩和过度的细胞外基质沉积的结果。肌成纤维细胞作为主要由成纤维细胞分化而来的效应细胞,在HTS的病理生理中起着至关重要的作用。多种生长因子、炎症因子参与了HTS发生的过程。目前,随着对HTS的深入探索和临床研究,各种创造性和有效的治疗方法正在萌芽。本文就HTS中西医形成机制研究进展进行综述,并针对其病理生理特点,对现有的中西医综合治疗方法进行综述。此外,我们进一步展望更适合的HTS中西医综合治疗的特色与方法。     

Curcumin ameliorates hepatic chronic inflammation induced by bile duct obstruction in mice through the activation of heme oxygenase-1

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江苏省儿童专科夜间门诊诊察费定价政策成效分析

2019年5月20日,江苏省医保局推出调整了儿童专科夜间门诊诊察费收费标准举措。文章以江苏省某三甲综合医院为样本,围绕上述政策实施后儿科诊疗工作量、病人满意度、医院收入影响等方面进行了调查,结果表明,上述政策可满足儿科病人就诊差异化需求,合理分流病人,保障急诊优先的诊疗秩序。     

化瘀解毒汤对脓毒血症APACHEⅡ评分、ISTH DIC评分及外周血树突状细胞表面物质表达水平的影响

目的探讨化瘀解毒汤对脓毒血症患者APACHEⅡ评分、ISTH DIC评分及外周血树突状细胞表面物质表达水平的影响。方法将66例脓毒症患者随机分为对照组和化瘀解毒组,每组33例。对照组给予抗感染、补充血容量、积极治疗原发疾病、吸氧等综合治疗,化瘀解毒组在上述基础上加用化瘀解毒汤治疗,每日1剂,持续治疗2周。检测血清炎症因子[白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、降钙素原(PCT)]水平变化,应用急性生理与慢性健康状况评分Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ)、DIC评分评估脓毒症患者病情严重程度,应用流式细胞仪分析树突状细胞相关表面分子CD80、CD83、CD86表达情况,比较临床疗效。结果与治疗前比较,两组血清IL-6、TNF-α、PCT水平均降低(P<0.01),APACHEⅡ评分、ISTH DIC评分均降低(P<0.01),CD80、CD86水平均降低(P<0.01),CD83水平无差异(P>0.05);与对照组比较,化瘀解毒组血清IL-6、TNF-α、PCT水平均较低(P<0.01),APACHEⅡ评分、ISTH DIC评分均较低(P<0.01),CD80、CD86水平均较低(P<0.01),总有效率较高(P<0.01)。结论化瘀解毒汤辅助治疗脓毒血症疗效显著,可有效降低APACHEⅡ评分、ISTH DIC评分,可能与调节外周血树突状细胞表面物质表达有关。     

罗哌卡因伍用右美托咪定前锯肌平面阻滞联合静脉自控镇痛对胸腔镜肺癌根治术患者术后恢复质量的改善作用

  目的  研究罗哌卡因伍用右美托咪定在超声可视下前锯肌平面阻滞（SAPB）、联合静脉自控镇痛（PCIA）对胸腔镜肺癌根治术后的镇痛效果。  方法  择期胸腔镜手术患者129例,随机分为3组（n=43）:生理盐水组（对照组）、罗哌卡因组（R组）和罗哌卡因联合右美托咪定组（RD组）。3组患侧前锯肌平面阻滞,分别注入0.9%生理盐水0 mL、0.5%罗哌卡因25 mL和0.5%罗哌卡因+1 μg/kg右美托咪定混合液25 mL;同时均使用PCIA。术后患者咳嗽时疼痛视觉模拟评分（VAS）≥4分,则静脉给予舒芬太尼2.5 μg补救。主要观察指标为拔除气管导管后10 min、6 h、12 h、24 h和48 h静息和咳嗽时VAS评分。次要观察指标包括血流动力学、术后前3夜睡眠质量、PCIA按压次数、术中和术后阿片类药物用量、术后首次补救镇痛时间、拔除胸管时间、住院时间、不良反应等。  结果  与对照组相比,R组和RD组在拔管后10 min、6 h、12 h时VAS评分更低（P<0.05）。与R组比较,RD组需要补救镇痛的患者人数、第一次抢救镇痛时间、PCIA按压次数和补救舒芬太尼总剂量均减少（P<0.05）,RD组术后第二、三夜睡眠质量更好,恶心与呕吐发生率更低（P<0.05）。  结论  0.5%罗哌卡因伍用1 μg/kg右美托咪定SAPB联合PCIA可明显减轻胸腔镜肺癌根治术患者术后疼痛,改善术后恢复质量。     

3种不同创基准备程序性治疗方法在慢性难愈性创面中的效果观察

目的 探讨清创换药、负压引流、富血小板血浆治疗的创基准备程序性治疗在慢性难愈性创面中的效果。方法 回顾性分析2017年5月—2021年5月江南大学附属医院收治的83例创基准备程序性治疗的慢性难愈性创面患者的临床资料,根据治疗方法不同分为清创换药组25例、负压引流组35例、富血小板血浆组23例。比较3组患者创面愈合时间、创面完全愈合患者占比,临床疗效,治疗前后视觉模拟疼痛评分（VAS）差值、温哥华瘢痕评定量表（VSS）评分,治疗前后创面感染指标差值,创面细菌阳性率及复发情况。结果 富血小板血浆组创面愈合时间短于清创换药组和负压引流组（P <0.05）,富血小板血浆组与清创换药组和负压引流组创面完全愈合患者占比比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;富血小板血浆组与清创换药组和负压引流组总有效率比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;富血小板血浆组治疗前后VAS评分差值高于清创换药组和负压引流组（P <0.05）,富血小板血浆组VSS评分低于清创换药组和负压引流组（P <0.05）;富血小板血浆组治疗前后C反应蛋白差值、白细胞计数差值均高于清创换药组和负压引流...     

Comparison of responses of melanocyte lineages from p75(+) and p75(−) human scalp-derived neural crest stem cells under phototherapy

Lasers in Medical Science - Phototherapy is an effective therapeutic option in the treatment of vitiligo; however, responses varied among the different types. The underlying mechanism has scarcely...     

收肌管阻滞术联合经皮穴位电刺激用于全膝关节置换术后的临床效果

目的 :探讨收肌管阻滞术(addcutor canal block,ACB)联合经皮穴位电刺激(transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation,TEAS)在全膝关节置换术(total knee arthroplasty,TKA)术后镇痛及对早期功能锻炼的效果。方法:选取2019年1月至2020年8月初次单侧行TKA的患者84例,其中男45例,女39例;年龄66～77(72.8±8.9)岁;身体质量指数(body mass index,BMI) 19～25(23.6±3.5) kg/m~2。按照随机数字表法将患者分为收肌管阻滞术联合经皮穴位电刺激组(TEAS+ACB组)和单纯收肌管阻滞术组(ACB组),每组42例。ACB组术中实施ACB,TEAS+ACB组在ACB基础上于术后第1～7天行双下肢TEAS。记录并比较两组术后6,12,24,48,72 h的疼痛视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS),术后第1,2,3,7天的膝关节功能,术后第7天膝关节活动度与住院天数。结果:TEAS+ACB组VAS评分在静息、活动状态下术后6,12 h与ACB组相比差异无统计学意义(P0.05),在术后24,48,72 h均低于ACB组(P0.05)。TEAS+ACB组膝关节活动度在术后第1天与ACB组相比差异无统计学意义(P0.05),在术后第2,3,7天均大于ACB组(P0.05)。TEAS+ACB组住院天数小于ACB组,术后第7天膝关节活动度大于ACB组(P0.05)。结论:TEAS联合ACB较单纯的ACB有更好的术后镇痛效果,促进患者早期功能锻炼,对TKA术后镇痛是安全、有效的。     

Mendelian randomization suggests a potential causal effect of eosinophil count on influenza vaccination responsiveness

Currently, the clinical factors affecting immune responses to influenza vaccines have not been systematically explored. The mechanism of low responsiveness to influenza vaccination (LRIV) is complicated and not thoroughly elucidated. Thus, we integrate our in-house genome-wide association studies (GWAS) analysis result of LRIV (N = 111, Ncase [Low Responders] = 34, Ncontrol [Responders] = 77) with the GWAS summary of 10 blood-based biomarkers (sample size ranging from 62 076−108 794) deposited in BioBank Japan (BBJ) to comprehensively explore the shared genetics between LRIV and blood-based biomarkers to investigate the causal relationships between blood-based biomarkers and LRIV by Mendelian randomization (MR). The applications of four MR approaches (inverse-variance-weighted [IVW], weighted median, weighted mode, and generalized summary-data-based MR [GSMR]) suggested that the genetically instrumented LRIV was associated with decreased eosinophil count (β = −5.517 to −4.422, p = 0.004−0.039). Finally, we conclude that the low level of eosinophil count is a suggestive risk factor for LRIV.     

Buformin suppresses proliferation and invasion via AMPK/S6 pathway in cervical cancer and synergizes with paclitaxel

Buformin is an old anti-diabetic agent and manifests potent anti-tumor activities in several malignancies. In the present study, we aimed to explore the functions of buformin in human cervical cancer. As our data shown, buformin exhibited significant anti-proliferative effects in a dose-dependent manner in 4 cervical cancer cell lines. Compared to the control, buformin notably suppressed colony formation and increased ROS production in C33A, Hcc94 and SiHa cells. Flow cytometric analysis showed that buformin induced marked cell cycle arrest but only resulted in mild apoptosis. The invasion of C33A and SiHa cells sharply declined with buformin treatment. Consistently, western blotting showed that buformin activated AMPK and suppressed S6, cyclin D1, CDK4, and MMP9. Moreover, we found that buformin enhanced glucose uptake and LDH activity, increased lactate level, while decreased ATP production in cervical cancer cells. In addition, low doses of buformin synergized with routine chemotherapeutic drugs (such as paclitaxel, cisplatin, and 5-FU) to achieve more significant anti-tumor effects. In vivo, a single use of buformin exerted moderate anti-tumor effects, and the combination with buformin and paclitaxel exhibited even greater suppressive effects. Buformin also consistently showed synergistic effects with paclitaxel in treating primary cultures of cervical cancer cells. Take together, we are the first to demonstrate that buformin suppresses cellular proliferation and invasion through the AMPK/S6 signaling pathway, which arrests cell cycle and inhibits cellular invasion. Buformin also could synergize with routine chemotherapies, producing much more powerful anti-tumor effects. With these findings, we strongly support buformin as a potent choice for treating cervical cancer, especially in combination with routine chemotherapy.