脑血管血液动力学参数脑卒中预测模型的建立

目的 根据脑血管血液动力学参数(CVHI)和脑卒中的主要危险因素建立脑卒中预测模型。方法 选择全国六大行政区脑卒中研究队列人群25355例，将基线调查时的CVHI检测结果 进行主成分分析，再以各主成分和主要脑卒中危险因素为自变量，以随访中脑卒中发病为应变量进行回归分析，根据回归系数建立脑卒中预测模型，计算发病概率，绘制ROC曲线，确定最佳截断点，评价预测模型的预测效能。结果 四个主成分的累积贡献率依次为58．1％、79．4％、88．4％和94．6％，被筛检进入logistic回归方程的变量分别为第一至第四主成分、高血压病史、年龄和性别，ROC曲线下面积为0．855，最佳截断点为预测概率≥0．05，预测脑卒中的敏感度、特异度和准确度分别为踟．7％，78．5％，78．5％。结论 通过主成分回归分析，可以建立具有良好效能的脑卒中预测模型。     

Adult-to-adult living donor liver transplantation using extended right lobe grafts.

OBJECTIVE: The authors report their experience with living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) using extended right lobe grafts for adult patients under high-urgency situations. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: The efficacy of LDLT in the treatment of children has been established. The major limitation of adult-to-adult LDLT is the adequacy of the graft size. A left lobe graft from a relatively small volunteer donor will not meet the metabolic demand of a larger recipient. METHODS: From May 1996 to November 1996, seven LDLTs, using extended right lobe grafts, were performed under high-urgency situations. All recipients were in intensive care units before transplantation with five having acute renal failure, three on mechanical ventilation, and all with hepatic encephalopathy. The median body weight for the donors and recipients was 58 kg (range, 41-84 kg) and 65 kg (range, 53-90 kg), respectively. The body weights of four donors were less than those of the corresponding recipients, and the lowest donor-to-recipient body weight ratio was 0.62:1. The extended right lobe graft was chosen because the left lobe volume was <40% of the ideal liver mass of the recipient. RESULTS: Median blood loss for the donors was 900 mL (range, 700-1600 mL) and hospital stay was 19 days (range, 8-22 days). Homologous blood transfusion was not required. Two donors had complications (one incisional hernia and one bile duct stricture) requiring reoperation after discharge. All were well with normal liver function 5 to 10 months after surgery. The graft weight ranged from 490 g to 1140 g. All grafts showed immediate function with normalization of prothrombin time and recovery of conscious state of the recipients. There was no vascular complication, but six recipients required reoperation. One recipient died of systemic candidiasis 16 days after transplantation and 6 (86%) were alive with the original graft at a median follow-up of 6.5 months (range, 5-10 months). CONCLUSIONS: When performed by a team with experience in hepatectomy and transplantation, LDLT, using an extended right lobe graft, can achieve superior results. The technique extends the success of LDLT from pediatric recipients to adult recipients and opens a new donor pool for adults to receive a timely graft of adequate function.     

大鼠旁巨细胞外侧核的免疫细胞化学特性的研究

用免疫细胞化学ＰＡＰ法研究了５－羟色胺（５－ＨＴ）、Ｐ物质（ＳＰ）、亮氨酸脑啡肽（Ｌ－ＥＮＫ）和神经肽Ｙ（ＮＰＹ）阳性神经元在大鼠旁巨细胞外侧核（ＰＧＣＬ）的分布。结果表明：５－ＨＴ、ＳＰ和Ｌ－ＥＮＫ阳性细胞较多，从ＰＧＣＬ的吻端至尾端呈柱状分布，５－ＨＴ阳性细胞较靠近延髓腹侧表面和内侧，ＳＰ和ＬＥＮＫ阳性细胞分布的范围较广，靠近外侧；ＮＰＹ阳性细胞较少，多集中在ＰＧＣＬ的尾侧至中分的区域。     

延边地区各种肝病患者HBsAg携带者及单项ALT增高者中抗-HCV分布

自1991年11月到1992年2月,用酶联免疫吸附试验对延边地区87例各种肝病患者.65例HBsAg携带者及5例单项ALT增高者血清共157份进行了抗-HCV检测.33例呈阳性,总阳性率为21.0％,其中单项ALT增高者高达80.O％.其次.急性肝炎为35.2％.慢性迁延性肝炎为18.2％.HBsAg携带者为6.2％,肝硬化为0％.     

大鼠肝小肠联合移植模型的建立

本文报告一种封闭群大鼠进行的肝小肠联合移植模型。术中供体肝与小肠整块游离和灌注，分开切取。供肝原位、供肠异位移植于受体大鼠。主要血管用Ｋａｍａｄａ袖套法吻合，正式实验２１次，３天以上存活率为４３％。结果表明：减少手术时间和简化操作技术是提高成功率的关键因素和基本原则。     

类黄酮物质抗动脉粥样硬化作用研究进展

人类植物性膳食成分中存在丰富的类黄酮物质，具有多种生物活性。近几年的流行病学研究和试验研究显示，类黄酮物质可以抑制动脉粥样硬化的发生与发展，从而降低心脑血管疾病的发生率和死亡率。本就类黄酮物质抗动脉粥样硬化的作用机制作一综述。     

巢湖水有机提取物致鱼红细胞DNA损伤的初步观察

目的　研究巢湖水有机提取物致突变性。方法　单细胞凝胶电泳技术测定鱼红细胞DNA损伤效应。结果　巢湖源水引起慧星细胞的百分率最高 (5 7.2 5 % ) ,滤前水最低 (2 7.6 3% ) ,出厂水经过二次加氯后慧星细胞的百分率有所上升 (4 4 .0 0 % )。结论　巢湖源水具有潜在致突变性 ,经混凝、活性炭吸附及沉淀处理后其DNA损伤作用有所下降 ,但氯化消毒可增加水中有机提取物的DNA损伤作用。     

5～14岁男性体格发育水平与性器官发育关系的研究

目的：探讨男性青少年体格发育水平与性器官发育关系。方法：收集4854例5—14岁男性青少年的身高、体重并计算出体质指数，测量阴茎的长度、周长和睾丸的纵径、横径，观察二者之间的关系。结果与结论：身高与阴茎的长度、周长和睾丸的纵径均呈二次方程曲线关联，而与睾丸横径无明显关联。体重和体质指数与阴茎有长度、周长和睾丸的纵径、横径无明显关联。     

蜂花粉醇提物对小鼠体外生成过氧化脂质的影响

组织器官的衰老与过氧化脂质的生成密切相关，本实验证明蜂花粉醇提物有明显的对抗小鼠肝、肾、脑组织在体外生成过氧化脂质的作用，证明蜂花粉具有延缓衰老的作用。     

胃肠道肿瘤病人围手术期细胞因子及蛋白质代谢的变化

目的 :探讨胃肠道肿瘤病人手术后肿瘤坏死因子 α (TNF α)、白介素 6 (IL 6 )、白介素 10 (IL 10 )的变化以及与蛋白质代谢的关系。　方法 :用酶联免疫法 (ELISA)检测 19例胃肠道肿瘤根治术病人术前和术后 1、3、5天血清TNF α、IL 6和IL 10水平 ,同时检测蛋白质分解代谢相关指标、2 4h尿中尿素和肌酐排泄量。　结果 :胃肠道肿瘤根治术后病人TNF α呈下降趋势 ,术后第 1天较术前明显下降 (P <0 .0 5 )。IL 6和IL 10术后升高 (P <0 .0 1) ,尤以术后第 1天升高明显。术后 2 4h尿中尿素和肌酐排泄量明显升高。　结论 :胃肠道肿瘤根治术后病人IL 6和IL 10的升高支持手术应激导致的细胞因子释放变化 ,但TNF α呈下降趋势 ,可能与胃肠道肿瘤病人术前TNF α的高表达有关。术后蛋白质分解代谢增加 ,可能与细胞因子IL 6和IL 10的升高有关。