Carbon blacks as EPR sensors for localized measurements of tissue oxygenation.

New electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) oximetry probes were identified in the class of carbon black materials. These compounds exhibit very high oxygen sensitivity and favorable EPR characteristics for biological applications. At low pO(2), the linewidth is particularly sensitive to changes in oxygen tension (sensitivity of 750 mG/mmHg). The application of the probes for oximetry was demonstrated in vivo: the pO(2) was measured in muscle in which the blood flow was temporarily restricted as well as in tumor-bearing mice during a carbogen breathing challenge. The responsiveness to pO(2) was stable in muscle for at least 3 months. No toxicity was observed using these materials in cellular experiments and in histological studies performed 2, 7, and 28 days after implantation. In view of their EPR characteristics (high sensitivity) as well as the well-characterized production procedure that make them available on a large scale, these probes can be considered as very promising tools for future developments in EPR oximetry.     

精神分裂症子女的行为问题及相关因素分析

目的 探讨精神分裂症子女的行为问题及相关因素。方法 以Achenbach儿童行为量表(CBCL)为工具，对260名精神分裂症患者的子女(研究组)行为问题及其影响因素进行调查，并与正常健康者的子女(对照组)进行对照。结果 精神分裂症子女行为问题检出率为31．2％。显著高于对照组的12．3％；其主要影响因素为儿童健康状况差、孕产期不利因素、家庭教育方式不当、亲子关系差、居住地社会风气差和学习成绩差。结论 精神分裂症子女的行为问题发生率较高，为生物、心理及社会因素共同作用的结果，并需全面干预。     

归脾汤治疗眩晕21例观察

中医认为眩晕是头晕与眼花总称，临床上常同时并见。轻闭目即止；重如坐舟车，旋转不定，不能站立，或伴有恶心，呕吐，出汗，甚则昏倒等症状。笔选用归脾汤治疗辨证属心脾两虚，气血不足之眩晕21例，疗效较好，现简介如下。     

Effect of Ligustrazine on Bone Marrow Microenvironment and Signal Transducti on Path in Irradiation Injured Mice

Ｗｅｈａｖｅｒｅｐｏｒｔｅｄ ｐｒｅｖｉｏｕｓｌｙｔｈａｔｌｉｇｕｓｔｒａｚｉｎｅｃｏｕｌｄｐｒｏｍｏｔｅｈｅｍａｔｏｐｏｉｅｓｉｓｔｈｒｏｕｇｈｉｍｐｒｏｖｉｎｇｂｏｎｅｍａｒｒｏｗｍｉｃｒｏｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｎｄｅｎｈａｎｃｉｎｇａｄｈｅｓｉｖｅ     

肌萎缩侧索硬化合并颈椎病的临床特点分析

目的:探讨肌萎缩侧索硬化ALS合并颈椎病患者的临床特征。方法:对75例ALS患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,并对合并颈椎病的ALS患者与未合并颈椎病的ALS患者的临床特点进行比较。结果:合并颈椎病的ALS患者与未合并颈椎病的ALS患者的发病年龄、性别比例与临床特点差异均无统计学意义。结论:ALS可以并合颈椎病,颈椎病对ALS的发病年龄、临床特点无明显影响。     

肾小球肾炎足细胞脱落与肾组织钠氢交换调节因子2表达的研究

目的探讨肾小球足细胞脱落情况及其与病理改变的关系；探讨6类肾炎中肾组织钠氢交换调节因子2（NHERF2）基因表达量的变化及其与足细胞损伤的关系。方法将患者分为肾炎组（原发性肾炎和狼疮性肾炎）、非肾炎组、健康对照组；用间接免疫荧光法检测尿足细胞数量，用荧光定量PCR检测肾组织NHERF2蛋白，比较不同类型肾炎足细胞脱落情况及NHERF2基因表达量。结果原发性肾炎和狼疮性肾炎（LN）组患者尿足细胞脱落较健康对照组显著增多（P〈0．05）；活动期LN患者尿足细胞脱落较缓解期LN显著增多（P〈0．05）；原发性肾炎组中局灶节段硬化性肾小球肾炎（FSGS）患者尿足细胞脱落最多，其次为膜性肾病（MS）患者，二者与健康对照组相比，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。MS患者尿足细胞脱落比微小病变性肾病（MCD）患者显著增多（P〈0．05）。原发性肾炎组和LN组患者肾组织NHERF2基因表达量均较非肾炎组显著降低（P〈0．05）。肾炎患者尿足细胞脱落数量和肾组织NHERF2基因表达之间具有相关性（r=0．318，P〈0．05）。结论根据尿足细胞脱落数量可初步推断FSGS和LN的病理改变类型、预测LN的疾病进展和预后，可能为临床MS与MCD的鉴别提供依据；证明肾小球足细胞脱落可能与肾组织NHERF2基因表达减低有关，提示足细胞NHERF2基因表达缺陷可能参与足细胞损伤脱落的机制。     

The effect of skin surface warming during anesthesia preparation on preventing redistribution hypothermia in the early operative period of off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery.

OBJECTIVE: Redistribution hypothermia adversely affects hemodynamics and postoperative recovery in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. In off-pump coronary bypass surgery (OPCAB), maintaining the temperature is important because warming by cardiopulmonary bypass is omitted. Pre-warming studies reported earlier showing pre-warming as an effective means of preventing redistribution hypothermia was time consuming since it required at least 1-2h to pre-warm the patients before the surgery. Because pre-warming for such a long time is impractical in clinical practice, this study evaluated the efficacy of active warming during the preanesthetic period for the prevention of redistribution hypothermia in the early operative period of OPCAB. METHODS: After gaining the approval of Institutional Review Board and informed consent from the patients, 40 patients undergoing OPCAB were divided into control and pre-warming groups. The patients in control group (n=20) were managed with warm mattresses and cotton blankets, whereas patients in pre-warming group (n=20) were actively warmed with a forced-air warming device before the induction of anesthesia. Hemodynamic variables and temperature were recorded before anesthesia (Tpre) and at 30 min intervals after anesthesia for 90 min (T30, T60, and T90). RESULTS: Active warming duration was 49.7+/-9.9 min. There were no statistically significant differences in skin temperature, core temperature and hemodynamic variables between the two groups at preinduction period except for mean arterial pressure and central venous pressure. The core temperature at T30, T60, and T90 was statistically higher in pre-warming group than that in control group. Core temperature of six (30%) and seven patients (35%) in control group was reduced below 35 degrees C at T60 and T90, respectively, whereas core temperature of only one patient (5%) in pre-warming group was reduced below 35 degrees C at T90 (P=0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Active warming using forced air blanket before the induction of anesthesia reduced the incidence and degree of redistribution hypothermia in patients undergoing OPCAB. It is a simple method with reasonable cost, which does not delay the induction of anesthesia nor the surgery.     

The role of endotoxin in the pathogenesis of experimental multiple system organ failure: a preliminary report.

In this study, an animal model of multiple system organ failure (MSOF) in rabbits, engendered by feeding E. coli prior to severe hemorrhagic shock, was used for the purpose of investigating 1) the relationship between lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and MSOF, and 2) the effectiveness of Re-LPS antiserum in preventing MSOF. The results showed that endotoxemia occurred very early, and its degree correlated well with that of organ dysfunction. Re-LPS antiserum administration abated the toxic effects and lowered the incidence of MSOF. These results suggest that sequential analysis of circulating LPS levels may be useful for the early diagnosis of MSOF, and that gut-derived endotoxin might play an important role in the pathogenesis of experimental MSOF.     

血管内皮生长因子与妊娠高血压综合征发病的关系

目的　探讨血管内皮生长因子 (VEGF)在妊娠高血压综合征发病中的作用。方法　分别采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测 40例妊高征孕妇的血清VEGF水平 ,免疫组化检测胎盘及蜕膜组织VEGF及CD3 4表达情况 ,35例正常孕妇作对照。结果　①妊高征组孕妇的外周血VEGF水平及胎盘组织MVD明显低于正常妊娠组 (P <0 0 5 ) ;②两组胎盘绒毛滋养叶细胞和蜕膜组织中均有VEGF阳性表达 ,胎盘组织强阳性表达高于蜕膜。与对照组比较 ,其胎盘组织VEGF强阳性表达的轻度妊高征无显著性差异 ;而中度和重度妊高征与对照组相比 ,则明显降低 ,差异显著 (P <0 0 5 )。各组孕妇蜕膜组织中VEGF的表达强度和差异无显著性。③孕妇外周血VEGF水平与新生儿出生体重 (r =0 2 9,P <0 0 5 )和胎盘重量 (r =0 34,P <0 0 1)均存在直线正相关关系。结论　妊高征患者血清VEGF水平和胎盘组织MVD降低 ,胎盘组织VEGF表达明显下降 ,都可能在妊高征的发病中起一定的作用。