种植受体血管内皮细胞在异种血管移植中的实验研究

目的　探讨种植受体血管内皮细胞在抗异种血管移植超急排斥反应 (HAR)方面的意义。方法　选用豚鼠→大鼠移植模型 ,先将分离、培养的大鼠动脉内皮细胞种植于去内皮的豚鼠动脉内壁 ,再将此豚鼠动脉植入大鼠体内 ,观察动脉血栓形成时间 ,并采用免疫组化技术检测了 Ig M、C3在移植后豚鼠动脉壁上沉积的情况。结果　已种植大鼠内皮细胞的豚鼠动脉血栓形成时间 (2 0 .3± 4.42 h)较植入大鼠体内的正常豚鼠动脉 (0 .35± 0 .2 84h)以及单纯去内皮豚鼠动脉血栓形成时间 (0 .16 5± 0 .0 77h)显著延长 (P<0 .0 0 1)。免疫组化结果显示 ,植入大鼠体内的正常豚鼠内皮细胞表面有 Ig M和 C3沉积 ,而预先种植大鼠内皮细胞的豚鼠动脉内壁无 Ig M和 C3沉积。结论　在异种供体血管壁上预先种植受者血管内皮细胞 ,可延长移植的异种供体血管通畅时间 ,该技术可能在抗异种血管移植 HAR方面具有重要意义     

烹调油烟致大小鼠肺癌的实验研究

[目的]了解烹调油烟（cooking oil fumes，COF）的动物致癌性。[方法]采用动式染毒法给Balb／c小鼠（雌雄各半）吸入COF浓度为9．09、20．65、38．85mg／m^3，染毒1次／1～2d，30min／次，共150次，计8个月；SD大鼠（雌雄各半）吸入COF浓度为6、88、15．06、35．33mg／m^3，染毒1次／2d，30min／次，共191次，计12．5个月。分别制备COF慢性中毒动物模型；两实验均设空白对照组，吸入与实验组相同温度的清洁空气。[结果]COF诱发Balb／c小鼠实验组肺癌总发生率为18、95％（29／153），低、中、高浓度组肺癌发生率分别为15．09％、20、00％和22．00％，与对照组差异均有显著性。但低、中、高三组间差异无显著性（P〉0．05）；COF诱发SD大鼠肺癌总发生率为9、10％（9／99），低、中、高浓度组肺癌发生率分别为6．45％、8．57％、12．12％，高浓度组肺癌发生率高于对照组（P〈0．05）。各性别组间肺癌发生率的差别无显著性（P〉0．05）。[结论]COF可以诱导Balb／c小鼠和SD大鼠肺癌，诱发的肺癌主要为肺腺癌（小鼠28／29，大鼠7／9），余为小细胞肺癌。     

原发性脑干损伤的治疗（附126例报告）

目的 探讨原发性脑干损伤的治疗方法与效果。方法 总结分析126例原发性脑干损伤病例的治疗与效果。对其中的大部分病例采用早期控制性通气，亚低温，钙拮抗剂及神经节苷脂治疗，结果 伤后2周，死亡35例（27.78%)。主要死因为中枢性呼吸功能衰竭。伤后半年，死亡50例（39.68%)。植物生存12例（9.52%)，重残11例（8.73%)。中残17例（13.40%)。恢复良好38例（30.16%)。结论 早期控制性通气，亚低温，钙拮抗剂及神经节苷脂治疗可明显降低原发性脑干损伤的死残率。     

Human osteoblasts' proliferative responses to strain and 17beta-estradiol are mediated by the estrogen receptor and the receptor for insulin-like growth factor I.

The mechanism by which mechanical strain and estrogen stimulate bone cell proliferation was investigated using monolayer cultures of human osteoblastic TE85 cells and female human primary (first-passage) osteoblasts (fHOBs). Both cell types showed small but statistically significant dose-dependent increases in [3H]thymidine incorporation in response to 17beta-estradiol and to a single 10-minute period of uniaxial cyclic strain (1 Hz). In both cell types, the peak response to 17beta-estradiol occurred at 10(-8) - 10(-7) M and the peak response to strain occurred at 3500 microstrain ((mu)epsilon). Both strain-related and 17beta-estradiol-related increases in [3H]thymidine incorporation were abolished by the estrogen receptor (ER) modulator ICI 182,780 (10-8 M). Tamoxifen (10(-9) - 10(-8) M) increased [3H]thymidine incorporation in both cell types but had no effect on their response to strain. In TE85 cells, tamoxifen reduced the increase in [3H]thymidine incorporation associated with 17beta-estradiol to that of tamoxifen alone but had no such effect in fHOBs. In TE85 cells, strain increased medium concentrations of insulin-like growth factor (IGF) II but not IGF-I, whereas 17beta-estradiol increased medium concentrations of IGF-I but not IGF-II. Neutralizing monoclonal antibody (MNAb) to IGF-I (3 microg/ml) blocked the effects of 17beta-estradiol and exogenous truncated IGF-I (tIGF-I; 50 ng/ml) but not those of strain or tIGF-II (50 ng/ml). Neutralizing antibody to IGF-II (3 microg/ml) blocked the effects of strain and tIGF-II but not those of 17beta-estradiol or tIGF-I. MAb aIR-3 (100 ng/ml) to the IGF-I receptor blocked the effects on [3H]thymidine incorporation of strain, tIGF-II, 17beta-estradiol, and tIGF-I. HOBs and TE85 cells, act similarly to rat primary osteoblasts and ROS 17/2.8 cells in their dose-related proliferative responses to strain and 17beta-estradiol, both of which can be blocked by the ER modulator ICI 182,780. In TE85 cells (as in rat primaries and ROS 17/2.8 cells), the response to 17beta-estradiol is mediated by IGF-I, and the response to strain is mediated by IGF-II. Human cells differ from rat cells in that tamoxifen does not block their response to strain and reduces the response to 17beta-estradiol in TE85s but not primaries. In both human cell types (unlike rat cells) the effects of strain and IGF-II as well as estradiol and IGF-I can be blocked at the IGF-I receptor.     

小瞳孔下白内障超声乳化术治疗白内障38例

目的 :探讨小瞳孔状态下超声乳化的手术技巧和注意事项。方法 :应用非切开瞳孔牵拉扩张法及部分下方瞳孔缘括约肌剪断法原位超声乳化碎核等技术对 38例小瞳孔白内障行超声乳化。结果 :38只眼中 1 7眼未用扩张器 ,9眼应用扩张器 ,术后瞳孔恢复原状 ;1 2只眼需剪开下方瞳孔括约肌及剪除机化膜 ,术后瞳孔略欠圆。术后一个月裸眼视力≥ 0 .5者 2 1眼 (2 1 / 38) ,矫正视力≥ 0 .5者 32眼(32 / 38)。结论 :白内障超声乳化术可使小瞳孔白内障术后恢复生理性圆瞳孔 ,无不良反应。     

用生物发光法定量测定绿脓杆菌对聚苯乙烯的粘附

本文用生物发光技术建立了定量测定绿脓杆菌(PA)对聚苯乙烯表面粘附的研究方法,同时观察了影响 PA 粘附的某些因素,比较了12株 PA 菌株对聚苯乙烯的粘附率。结果表明:在生物发光(BL)反应体系中,在萤虫素/萤虫素酶浓度给定的条件下,发光强度与 PA 释放的 ATP 量呈剂量依赖关系;在 PA 粘附体系中,其与聚苯乙烯表面的粘附随菌量的增加和粘附时间的延长而增加并受其缓冲液 pH 和菌龄的影响;不同 PA 菌株在同一条件下对聚苯乙烯的粘附率具有很大差别。     

不同穴位针刺蝶腭神经节深度及方向的研究

目的:观测下关、颧髎、"蝶腭"穴的体表位置,及各穴至蝶腭神经节的针刺深度和针刺方向.方法:15具成年男性尸体,面部左右共30侧,对其面侧区进行由浅入深的解剖.以下关、颧髎、"蝶腭"穴各穴针刺至蝶腭神经节方向为穿刺入路,电动钻带克氏针穿刺延伸至对侧区域,坐标定位法测量各穴的对应穿刺点.结果:①体表位置:"蝶腭"穴与颧髎的体表距离为21 mm,与下关的体表距离为17 mm.②各穴针刺蝶腭神经节的深度:下关为49.9 mm,"蝶腭"穴为46.9 mm,颧髎为46.6 mm.③对应穿刺点坐标定位:下关针刺方向为前内上,对应于对侧的太阳和瞳子髎的中点处附近区域,对应穿刺点距对侧丝竹空的距离为17.6 mm;"蝶腭"穴针刺方向为后内上,对应穿刺点与颧弓水平线的距离为33 mm,与目外眦垂直线的距离为42 mm;颧髎针刺方向为后内上,对应穿刺点与两外耳门连线的距离为28 mm,头部正中线旁开62 mm.结论:了解下关、颧髎、"蝶腭"穴的体表位置、针刺深度、针刺方向,为临床针刺蝶腭神经节提供了依据.     

心血管疾病并发焦虑抑郁症状2050例心理干预治疗分析

目的:了解心血管疾病并发焦虑抑郁症状的情况并探讨心理干预等对焦虑抑郁症状的影响。方法:对住院的2050例心血管疾病并发焦虑抑郁症状的患者进行回顾性分析。结果:心血管疾病患者中并发有焦虑抑郁症状者占56%;其常表现为类似心绞痛、左心衰竭症状,可并发有心律失常;高血压病并发有焦虑抑郁患者对血压升高的耐受性差,动态血压检查以非勺型改变者居多;单纯使用心血管药物治疗效果欠佳,心理干预,焦虑抑郁症状严重者结合抗焦虑抑郁药物疗效显著。结论:心血管疾病患者常并发焦虑抑郁症状,心理干预治疗等可有效改善患者的症状。     

Studies on Toxicity of Nitroquine-Dapsone Compound and Therapeutic Effects of Folic or Folinic Acid on Toxicated Animals

The toxic effects of nitroquine-dapsone compound(NQD)in mice and dogs were studied.The therapeutic index of NQDin mice is 1911,the greatest among the 6 antimalarials tested.Thetoxic effects of NQD(50 mg/kg/day for 3 days per os)and nitro-quine in dogs were manifested by injuries on the adrenal cortexand intestinal epithelium.When folic acid(4 mg/kg/day for 4 days)or calcium leucovorinum(0.3 mg/kg/day for 4 days)were usedconcomitantly with NQD,the death rate and the incidence of dia-rrhea in the toxicated dogs were greatly reduced,the injury on theintestinal epithelium was much milder,and the goblet cells weremuch more numerous than those without treatment.The results suggestthat folic acid and calcium leucovorinum can protect the undifferen-tiated cells in the intestinal crypts from being injured by NQD.     

自制无针粉末注射给药系统药物导入率的体外评价

目的 建立体外吸收评价方法，考察自制无针粉末注射给药系统的给药性能。方法 以人体皮肤为研究材料，荧光素钠作为模型药物，高效液相-荧光法检测，以透皮吸收率为指标，采用正交试验设计优选无针粉末注射的载药喷射参数。结果 建立的方法分析时间小于3min，在0．2304-9．216ng范围内呈线性关系，绝对回收率大于99．8％，RSD〈0．8％；自制无针粉末注射给药系统的最高透皮吸收率可达到40％，超过普通透皮途经400倍以上，与国外同类产品的药物导入效率（33％）相当；正交试验分析表明气源压力、喷管型号、药物剂量、药粉粒径均对无针粉末注射的效果有影响。结论 建立的研究方法简便、快速、准确、可靠，可用于无针粉末注射系统的体外研究；自制无针粉末注射给药系统的药物导入效率较高，值得进一步推广应用。