Protective Effect of Folic Acid on Nitroquine Toxicity to Small Intestine in Mice

One hundred and ninety-five mice were used to study the mechanism of the protective ef-fects of folic acid on nitroqine toxicity to the small intestine.After oral administration of nitroquineacetate(570mg/kg×1),intramuscular injection of normal saline was given to one group of mice(NS group)and intramuscular injection of folic acid(8mg/kg×1)to another(NF group).Decrease incells in the crypts were observed in the animals of NS group,but the changes were much milder inthose of NF group even at 96 h after administration.The decrease of DNA content in the tissues ofthe small intestine was dose-and time-dependent.The value of cpm/mg of DNA after ~3H-TdRincorporation were much higher in NF group than in NS group.these rcsults suggest that DNA synthesis in the small intestine may be promoted by folic acid so thatthe renair of the damaged intestinal mucosa is acoelerated.     

疟疾治疗中的几个问题

一、根据药动学完善治疗方案:①奎宁:用二室模型分析最佳方案为静滴奎宁二盐酸负荷量7mg/kg(30min内滴完)然后10mg/kg(4h内滴完),以后每8h静滴10mg/kg(每次均在4h滴完)。②氯喹:根据二室模型计算机分析,其方案为初8h静滴氯喹(按基质计算)1.25mg/kg/h,随后0.62mg/kg/h,24h后可达到最理想的治疗浓度。     

Studies on Toxicity of Nitroquine-Dapsone Compound and Therapeutic Effects of Folic or Folinic Acid on Toxicated Animals

The toxic effects of nitroquine-dapsone compound(NQD)in mice and dogs were studied.The therapeutic index of NQDin mice is 1911,the greatest among the 6 antimalarials tested.Thetoxic effects of NQD(50 mg/kg/day for 3 days per os)and nitro-quine in dogs were manifested by injuries on the adrenal cortexand intestinal epithelium.When folic acid(4 mg/kg/day for 4 days)or calcium leucovorinum(0.3 mg/kg/day for 4 days)were usedconcomitantly with NQD,the death rate and the incidence of dia-rrhea in the toxicated dogs were greatly reduced,the injury on theintestinal epithelium was much milder,and the goblet cells weremuch more numerous than those without treatment.The results suggestthat folic acid and calcium leucovorinum can protect the undifferen-tiated cells in the intestinal crypts from being injured by NQD.     

人参皂甙合剂对实验性胃溃疡的防治作用

目的：观察人参皂甙合剂(Ginsenosides Mixture,GM)对胃溃疡的防治作用及机理。方法：按Takagi方法造成小鼠应激性溃疡模型;按改良的Takagi方法造成大鼠醋酸型溃疡模型;按Shay方法造成胃酸分泌模型;用真空泵抽气造成急性低压性缺氧条件。结果：GM与法莫替丁(Famotidine)一样,能剂量依赖性地减少应激性溃疡损伤,促进醋酸型溃疡的愈合;然而,对胃酸分泌抑制作用不及法莫替丁,但能增强对急性低压性缺氧的耐受力。结论：GM是一种有效的抗溃疡制剂,其作用机制除了抑制胃酸分泌外,还与增加机体抵抗力有关。     

硝喹的抗疟机理探讨

硝喹(NQ)是一新的抗疟药。用于预防及治疗恶性疟,抗氯喹恶性疟及间日疟。氨苯砜对NQ有加强作用,临床合用喹哌或咯萘啶,只需各自60％的剂量其疗效即与正常剂量相当,NQ作用机理复杂,从电镜观察它影响原虫线粒体、粗面内质网和膜结构等;从生物化学研究发现它可抑制DNA合成,有期特异性,且较对宿主DNA强,PABA对其拮抗;对RNA的合成影响较小;对蛋白质合成抑制较对DNA敏感,前者为pmol水平,后者为μmol水平。     

药理学教学应当紧密结合临床

产生于诊断学占统治地位、药物品种少、治疗相对简单历史条件下的现有药理学教学模式已难以适应新形势下治疗学的迅速发展.改革药理学教学模式,加强与临床的联系,加强医、药有机融合,药理学专业人员参与查房已是当务之急.本文从教学时机的选择、人员配置、教材等方面就以上问题提出一些看法和设想,以供探讨.     

我国目前实验室内保有的食蟹猴疟原虫的生物学特征及对其株型的探讨

根据近十年来的实验研究资料,本虫株具有下列特征。外期:形态不规则,第7天胞质内可出现液泡,分叶,第8天成熟,同一天末即可在周围血流内找到原虫。复发率为60％左右。内期:喜入侵晚期网织红细胞(Ⅳ期);血传感染持续期较长,可长达6年以上。孢子增殖期:在巴拉巴按蚊、斯氏按蚊及雷氏按蚊体内都能完成孢子增殖,但巴拉巴按蚊为最适宜蚊种,在雷氏按蚊体内发育不良,黑孢子形成率可高达42.3％;巴拉巴按蚊体内,子孢子最早可于7.5天进腺。卵囊园形或椭园形,其最大径未超过60微米。根据上述特点,与本疟原虫的各虫株进行了比较。初步认为本虫株可能属于柬埔寨株。对虫株的复发特性及血传感染持续期之长进行了讨论分析。     

五行学说在医学上未甚适用的意见

一、医学上应用五行学说系受时代的影响,而学术本身仍是就经验方面不断发展五行学说始见于《洪范》,至战国时齐人邹衍乃加以发挥,以木、火、土、金、水五种物质与其作用,统辖时令、方向、音律、服色、食物、臭味及道德等,这个学说创立动机,原是从唯物论观点出发的,所以有人认为是朴素的唯物论。不过多方推演就不免涉于唯心的范围。他们把阴阳消长与五行相胜配合起来造成五德始终之     

从祖国医学发展过程中体会到“百家争鸣”方针的作用

“百家争鸣”的方针,是伟大的中国共产党和英明的人民政府,指示我们向科学进军的新方向,这方向是正确的,我们一定要照这样的路线走去。我今日就是响应号召,把历史上“争鸣”     

硝喹醋酸盐在体内对约氏鼠疟原虫红内期超微结构的影响

本文结果证明,硝喹能引起鼠疟原虫形态学的多种改变。在光镜下,早期出现大而不分裂的核,随后发现原虫胞浆中有散在的,大小不等的圆形红色颗粒,这些红色颗粒可能是胞浆中的变性物质,有可能是电镜中所观察到的自噬泡和膜性残体,但具体性质有待进一步研究。