四川省精神科医师转岗培训效果及影响因素

目的评价四川省精神科医师转岗培训效果,分析培训效果的影响因素,为制定精神科人才培养方案提供参考。方法纳入2015年1月-2018年12月在四川省六家区域精神卫生中心参加四川省第一至四期精神科医师转岗培训并考核合格的学员为研究对象,学员进行系统的理论学习、临床实践、社区实践共三个阶段的培训。在第一阶段理论培训和第三阶段社区实践结束时,分别进行闭卷考试,将两次考试成绩作为培训效果的评价指标。结果不同受教育程度、不同年龄、不同医院类型、不同医院级别、不同临床实践地的学员考核成绩差异均有统计学意义(P0.05或0.01),转岗培训学员两次考核成绩均高于规培学员,差异均有统计学意义[(77.00±8.55)分vs.(70.90±6.81)分,(77.24±8.80)分vs.(69.00±7.66)分,P均0.05]。结论在精神科医师转岗培训中,限定学员基础学历要求(本科及以上)以及合理分配临床实践基地可能是提升培训效果的重要措施。     

CT引导经胸骨路径125I粒子植入治疗纵隔肿瘤的临床价值

【摘要】 目的 探讨经胸骨路径在CT引导125I粒子植入治疗位于前、中纵隔肿瘤的临床应用。方法 收集2017年9月至2019年9月接受CT引导经胸骨路径125I粒子植入治疗的20例前、中纵隔肿瘤患者临床资料。记录术后即刻剂量学参数,观察术后粒子分布满意率、并发症发生率及局部疗效,随访术后半年、1年的生存率。结果 术后即刻剂量验证剂量学参数如下:90%肿瘤靶区接受剂量（D90）（134.30±14.53） Gy;肿瘤靶区接受90%、100%、150%和200%处方剂量的体积百分比（V90、V100、V150和V200）分别为（97.15±2.09）%、（93.04±1.75）%、（66.86±7.53）%、（42.95±9.11）%;适形指数（conformity index,CI）、靶区外体积指数（EI）、均匀性指数（homogeneity index,HI）分别为0.65±0.06、（40.79±13.72）%、（27.90±7.53）%。粒子分布满意率90%。术后即刻1例患者出现气胸、1例患者出现咯血。平均随访（12.0±4.8)个月（4～24个月）,术后2个月、半年、1年局部控制率分别为65.0%、64.7和53.8%。半年、1年生存率89.5%和81.3%。随访期间有4例患者死亡、3例患者出现局部进展,无放射相关并发症发生。结论 经胸骨路径是CT引导125I粒子植入治疗前、中纵隔肿瘤的安全路径,术后粒子分布满意率高。     

湿润烧伤膏在肛周坏死性筋膜炎术后创面中的应用效果分析

【摘要】 目的 探讨湿润烧伤膏在肛周坏死性筋膜炎术后创面中的应用效果? 方法 选取 2017 年 7 月至 2020 年 7 月辽宁中医药大学附属第三医院和中国医科大学附属第四医院收治的 60 例肛周坏死性筋膜炎患者作为研究对象,采用随机数表法将其随机分为观察组 (30 例) 与对照组 (30 例)? 观察组患者术后创面采用湿润烧伤膏换药治疗,对照组患者术后创面采用凡士林油纱换药治疗,对比观察两组患者创面愈合率及疼痛程度变化情况。结果 术后 14、21、28 d,观察组患者创面愈合率均明显高于对照组 (t = 2. 587、3. 170、4. 068,P = 0. 012、P = 0. 020、P < 0. 001);术后 7、14、21 d,观察组患者创面疼痛程度均明显低于对照组 ( t = 2. 034、2. 187、 2. 442,P = 0. 046、0. 033、0. 018)。结论 湿润烧伤膏可有效促进肛周坏死性筋膜炎术后创面愈合,缓解创面疼痛,临床应用价值较高。     

Inhibiting the motility and invasion of cancer cells by biomineralization

Many kinds of cancer are difficult to treat because of their highly metastatic abilities. Thus, seeking new anticancer drugs or therapy strategies, which could reduce the motility of cancer cells or inhibit the migration and invasion of the cells, is an urgent affair. Several recent reports suggest various techniques (such as layer-by-layer assembly and biomimetic mineralization) aimed to functionalize human cells and microbial with polyelectrolytes, nanoparticles, or mineral coatings. Inspired by these studies, an artificial mineral shell could be formed to enclose cancer cells under the regulation of SIBLINGs-like proteins. Consequently, the connection between the cancer cell and substrate would be interfered or inhibited. Therefore, the motility of cancer cells would be weakened or inhibited due to the restriction of the artificial mineral shell. This hypothetical strategy might be as a new concept for cancer therapy.     

大鼠脊髓损伤后神经细胞凋亡及相关调控蛋白Caspase-3表达的时空分布

目的 观察大鼠脊髓损伤（SCI）后神经元细胞凋亡和相关调控蛋白Caspase-3表达的时间、空间分布规律。方法 SD大鼠50只,分为假手术组和SCI组,钳夹法建立SCI模型,用结晶紫（CV）染色法、TUNEL法和免疫组织化学方法观察SCI后6h、12h、24h、3d和7d损伤中心到头端0～5.00mm空间范围内脊髓神经细胞存活、凋亡以及相关调控蛋白Caspase-3的表达状况。 结果 CV染色发现,SCI后6h～7d在0～0.50mm空间范围内均未发现存活的神经细胞,在1.00～3.50mm距离内,存活的神经细胞数逐渐增加,4.00mm处达峰值;TUNEL结果发现,SCI后6h～7d在1.05～4.55mm范围内,神经细胞出现凋亡,3d时在2.55mm处,细胞凋亡达高峰,7d时显著减少;免疫组织化学结果发现,SCI后6h～7d在1.10～4.60mm范围内,神经元细胞出现Caspase-3阳性表达,3d在3.10mm处Caspase-3表达达到高峰,7d显著减少。 结论 SCI后,凋亡的神经细胞及其相关调控蛋白Caspase-3的表达有一定的时空分布规律。     

Alzheimer’s disease in elderly COVID-19 patients: potential mechanisms and preventive measures

Neurological Sciences - Advanced age correlates with higher morbidity and mortality among patients affected with the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Because systemic inflammation and...     

Analysis of a novel cathepsin B circulating antigen and its response to drug treatment in Trichinella-infected mice

In this paper, we cloned a novel full-length cDNA that encodes a Trichinella spiralis cathepsin B-like protease gene (TsCPB) using 3'-RACE PCR. The recombinant mature TsCPB protein (rTsCPB) was then expressed in an Escherichia coli expression system and purified with Ni-affinity chromatography. Real-time quantitative PCR revealed that TsCPB was expressed across all development stages of the parasite but had the highest expression level during the adult stage. Furthermore, rTsCPB was detected in Trichinella excretory–secretory products with anti-rTsCPB rabbit polyclonal antibodies. Interestingly, rTsCPB was strongly recognized by the T. spiralis-infected sera in Western blotting, implying that TsCPB protein appeared in the peripheral blood of Trichinella-infected mice as circulating antigens (CAg). We then analyzed the dynamic levels of TsCPB CAg and its antibodies in T. spiralis-infected sera by using an improved double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and indirect ELISA, respectively. The results showed that TsCPB CAg can be detected much earlier compared to antibody detection in Trichinella-infected mice. In addition, we monitored the effects of albendazole drug therapy (a dosage of 370 mg/kg body weight, twice a day) on T. spiralis-infected mice by detecting the levels of TsCPB CAg and its antibody in the sera of drug-treated mice. The results showed that the levels of CAg dramatically decreased after successful drug treatment, while the antibody level remained unchanged. Overall, the novel Trichinella antigen TsCPB could be a promising novel circulating antigen molecule for the detection of Trichinella infection and for monitoring the efficacy of drug treatment of trichinellosis.     

Liproxstatin-1 is an effective inhibitor of oligodendrocyte ferroptosis induced by inhibition of glutathione peroxidase 4

Our previous studies showed that ferroptosis plays an important role in the acute and subacute stages of spinal cord injury.High intracellular iron levels and low glutathione levels make oligodendrocytes vulnerable to cell death after central nervous system trauma.In this study,we established an oligodendrocyte(OLN-93 cell line) model of ferroptosis induced by RSL-3,an inhibitor of glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4).RSL-3 significantly increased intracellular concentrations of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde.RSL-3 also inhibited the main antiferroptosis pathway,i.e.,SLC7A11/glutathione/glutathione peroxidase 4(xCT/GSH/GPX4),and downregulated acyl-coenzyme A synthetase long chain family member 4.Furthermore,we evaluated the ability of several compounds to rescue oligodendrocytes from ferroptosis.Liproxstatin-1 was more potent than edaravone or deferoxamine.Liproxstatin-1 not only inhibited mitochondrial lipid peroxidation,but also restored the expression of GSH,GPX4 and ferroptosis suppressor protein 1.These findings suggest that GPX4 inhibition induces ferroptosis in oligodendrocytes,and that liproxstatin-1 is a potent inhibitor of ferroptosis.Therefore,liproxstatin-1 may be a promising drug for the treatment of central nervous system diseases.     

TNF-α对HepG2细胞LXRα介导的胆固醇外流的影响及其分子机制

 目的:观察肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）对肝X受体α（LXRα）启动子活性及其下游ATP结合盒转运蛋白（ABCA1和ABCG1）表达的影响,从而探讨TNF-α加速HepG2细胞内胆固醇积聚的分子机制。方法:构建LXRα基因的启动子表达载体,观察炎症因子TNF-α对LXRα启动子活性的影响,进一步将HepG2细胞分为对照组（control）、TNF-α组（20 μg/L）、高脂组（LDL,100 mg/L）及联合处理组（TNF-α 20 μg/L+ LDL 100 mg/L）。采用实时定量PCR和Western blotting检测LXRfα、ABCA1和 ABCG1的mRNA及蛋白的表达。［3H ］标记胆固醇,液体闪烁计数法检测胆固醇外流量。油红O染色和定量比色法分析细胞内胆固醇的含量。结果:成功构建LXRα启动子的萤火虫萤光素酶报告质粒,证明了该启动子有明显活性,TNF-α能明显抑制LXRα启动子的活性。进一步检测发现,和对照组相比,TNF-α下调了LXRα、ABCA1和ABCG1 mRNA与蛋白表达。高脂组胆固醇外流量增加,而TNF-α组胆固醇外流量明显降低。油红O染色显示,TNF-α使细胞内脂质染色明显增加。结论: TNF-α可通过抑制LXRα启动子活性从而抑制HepG2细胞内胆固醇外流导致肝细胞内脂质异常积聚。