Health insurance and private providers: A study of the civil servants' medical benefit scheme in bangkok,Thailand

Compulsory health insurance schemes have received attention recently as a means of creating a reliable extra-budgetary source of health care funding. Yet, the full implications of such schemes in a developing country context are unclear; in particular, the impact on and relationship with private sector providers has infrequently been explored. This study examines patterns of public and private sector utilization under the Civil Servants' Medical Benefit Scheme (CSMBS) in Bangkok, Thailand. The CSMBS currently provides limited reimbursement for private inpatient care, but recent proposals suggest increasing benefit levels for care sought in the private sector. The study shows that despite high level of cost recovery in the public sector, charges were much lower than those in the private sector. Different patterns of diagnosis in the two sectors were found with private hospitals tending to treat a less complex case mix. Within the private sector, there was a limited tendency to specialize in certain types of care. It is concluded that under the current payment mechanism of fee-for-service reimbursement, measures to enhance access to private sector care should be approached with caution. In the long run, the scheme should merge with the recently established social security scheme.     

DRG付费对医生行为和医疗质量的影响研究:以踝关节和脊柱融合术为例

目的探究DRG付费对医生诊疗行为和医疗质量的影响。方法从11家实施DRG付费或模拟测算的三级综合医院中选取12名骨科医生进行半结构化访谈,采用Colaizzi 7步法分析。结果共识别重要陈述308条,形成治疗决策、环节把控、患者管理、医疗质量4项基本结构。DRG付费后,医生更关注住院费用,以检查和手术为代表的诊疗行为发生了变化;医生诊疗行为的改变可能引起医疗质量的变化。结论医生应主动控制成本,制定合理的诊疗方案;医院需强化临床指南的使用,加强对医疗质量的考核,以防范医生不规范诊疗行为的发生。     

通过医保支付推进医疗质量管理的经验及启示

目的通过介绍典型国家及地区经验,阐述医保如何通过经济手段促进医疗服务质量提升,供我国大陆地区参考。方法采用文献分析法。采取主题词与分类号组合的检索方式,收集美国、英国及我国台湾地区有关医保与医疗服务质量的文献。结果美国实行基于价值支付的奖惩机制,包括医院服务价值购买计划、再入院扣费计划、医院获得性疾病扣费计划;英国实行提升基层医疗服务质量的激励机制;我国台湾地区实行结合医院评价体系的总额预付制。结论为促使我国大陆地区通过医保支付进一步推进医疗质量管理,建议建设卫生主管部门与医保部门有机融合的医疗质量考核系统,采用质量指标的多元计分方式,设计与质量联动的奖惩机制等。     

我国医保支付改革下按病种分值付费的探讨与建议

医保支付方式作为引导医疗服务行为、调节资源配置的杠杆,对实现医保基金可持续发展,提升医院精细化管理水平具有重要作用。近年来,我国积极探索医保支付改革,以DRG和DIP为代表的支付方式已成为主要方向。文章从改革的现实出发,对DIP相较于DRG的实施优势、问题与挑战进行比较分析,并提出政策建议。     

美国医保支付制度改革对我国康复护理服务的启示

梳理了美国医保支付制度改革进程,总结了捆绑支付模式内涵及其对康复护理服务的影响。结合我国国情,借鉴美国医保支付制度改革经验,认为我国应建立基于价值评价的康复护理服务医保支付制度,充分发挥医保基金的引导和保障作用,健全多元化的复合型医保支付体系,创建“以人民的健康为中心”的连续型医疗服务保障体系。     

病案首页与编码质量对病种付费的影响

目的探究病案首页与编码质量对病种付费产生的影响。方法2019年1—12月纳入研究的1056例病案首页均为该院产科、颅脑外科、普通外科、肿瘤科及心外科5个科室所收纳,依照回顾性分析方式进行平均分组,病案首页均经针对性措施解决病案首页问题,并经校对手段质控编码确认无误(试验组,n=528),重新编码前病案首页(对照组,n=528),分析两组数据差异及变化情况。结果试验组的病种付费质量包括医院数据统计分数、病案信息利用分数、疾病分组准确分数及医院经济效益分数评估均显著高于对照组,试验组中出现病案内容与病案首页不符、遗漏诊断、不完整诊断和不正确诊断的病案不良事件发生概率显著低于对照组,试验组发生漏填、错填的缺陷问题发生率显著低于对照组,组间数据差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论分析病案首页质量,对影响病案首页的因素进行分析,进行针对性的改进,有利于提升病案质量,降低病案与编码质量对病种付费产生的不良影响。     

DRG对住院费用与服务的影响及建议

目的分析实施DRG付费对患者住院费用及服务的影响,为医疗机构提出运行建议。方法利用医院质量监测系统（HQMS）,在全国东部、中部、西部3个地区的16个省（市）376家三级医院中选取患者1 064 314人次,通过双重差分法分析DRG付费实施对患者住院费用及服务的影响。结果DRG付费实施后,患者总费用降低了3.05%（β=1-e-0.03,P=0.01）、自付费用增长了28.11%（β=e0.33-1,P=0.02）、医疗费用降低了5.13%（β=1-e-0.05,P=0.04）、药品费用降低了5.13%（β=1-e-0.05,P=0.01）、平均住院日缩短了4.08%（β=1-e-0.04,P＜0.01）,而对患者住院检查费用、耗材费用、是否使用抗生素、31天是否再住院、是否手术的影响不显著。结论实施DRG付费能够合理控制患者住院费用增长,提高医疗服务质量,建议医疗机构进一步简化流程,提高床位周转率,关注高CMI值患者费用,优化临床路径,确保治疗效果。     

Effects of computer-assisted documentation in orthopedic surgery on budget and reimbursement

Summary Since 1995 German health maintenance laws require hospitals to document and code all referals, admissions and discharges using the 4-digit ICD. Operative procedures are documented and coded using the ICPM. Beginning in January 1996, reimbursement for health services requires a diagnosis-related billing and payment for special procedures. The decision for billing is based on documented diagnosis and therapy. This extended request for documentation makes an online access to diagnosis and therapy with a computer-assisted coding system advisable. In 1996 in our hospital each diagnosis and operation was manually documented and coded on a form. Since the beginning of 1997, documentation and coding has been exclusively computer-assisted. On the basis of documented diagnosis and therapy the computer provides the route of reimbursement. Retrospectively we evaluated the number of charged diagnosis-related billings and payments for special procedures from January to April of 1996 and 1997. It became evident that with computer-assisted documentation and coding the number of detected and charged diagnosis-related billings and payments for special procedures was significantly increased in comparison with the previous year.      

The hospital-acquired condition reduction program for colorectal surgery: Current initiatives and implications for the future

The 2010 Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA)¹ sought to reform healthcare in the United States through a myriad of initiatives that included expanding health insurance accessibility, mandating coverage, revising and expanding a multitude of government programs, and incentivizing improved quality and value in healthcare delivery.² One initiative aimed at containing costs and improving patient outcomes is the Hospital-Acquired Condition Reduction Program (HACRP). Like the Hospital Readmission Reduction Program (HRRP), the goal of this program is to stratify hospitals based on their outcomes, in this case a composite score of multiple hospital-acquired conditions (HACs), and financially penalize the bottom performers. It is important for surgeons and hospitals understand the metrics behind these measures, and to lend a voice to the discussion of the benefits and alternative strategies to quality improvement.     

英国癌症药物基金改革及对医保创新药支付政策的启示

目的:通过对英国癌症药物基金(Cancer Drugs Fund, CDF)的形成背景、运行机制及改革中优化管理策略进行批判借鉴研究,为中国创新药准入及管理政策的制定提供参考。方法:文献梳理、政策分析。结果:CDF在解决癌症患者创新药的可及性、可负担性方面具有积极意义,但同时存在较大争议。CDF通过不断改革完善、优化基金管理办法,在药品准入和退出机制、审批流程规范化、预算管理风险分摊协议等方面做出优化调整。结论和建议:CDF在癌症创新药快速准入方面的经验及教训值得我国批判借鉴。中国的创新药支付政策方面,建议可成立多元化筹资的癌症药物基金,建立药物准入及退出机制,关注真实世界数据在支付决策中的作用,探索合理超支分担科学管理的预算协议。