河南师大新生人格特征测查与分析

本研究通过16PF的测验，初步探明河南师大95级新生在卡特尔16种人格因素上，与全国大学生常模相比，有多项显著性差异，以及被试团体所存在的性别差异和专业之间的差异；在适应焦虑性及心理健康等人格因素方面，也颇具特点。该测查结果及对导致新生人格偏差因素的分析。可作为高师院校教育工作的参考依据。     

铁路分局调度人员人格特征分析

采用修订卡氏十六种人格因素量表(Cattell-16PF)，对铁路分局149名调度人员进行测验与中国成人16种人格因素常模比较，结果有十个人格因素有显差异，这十个人格因素与分局调度这一特群体的职业特征一致，为提高分局调度人员的人格素质，针对不良的几个人格特征和心理状态提出5条建议。     

在校大学生人格特征调查分析

目的探讨在校大学生人格特征的差异,为大学生健全人格塑造提供了有利的科学依据。方法采用美国卡特尔教授编制,李绍良教授修订的16种人格因素量表(简称16PF),随机抽样调查,对大学1~4年级在校本科生就其独立性、自律性、忧虑性、幻想性、敏感性、乐群性等16种人格因素进行测试。结果不同年级、不同性别、来自不同地域及是否为独生子女的在校本科生人格存在较大差异(P0.05)。结论了解大学生人格健康与否,可针对问题,有的放矢地进行心理疏导和教育。对大学生的人格优化与全面发展有一定的促进作用,对其世界观、价值观及人生观的正确树立,有一定的引领作用。     

Ⅰ类大学新生人格与心理健康的相关分析

目的研究Ⅰ类大学新生的人格特征与心理健康状况的关系。方法在1386名大学新生中采用大学生人格问卷（UPI）筛选出219名Ⅰ类大学新生，分别采用症状自评量表（SCL-90）和卡特尔16种个性因素测验（16PF）进行心理健康和人格的测试。结果卡特尔16种人格特征中的稳定性、有恒性、敢为性、怀疑性、忧虑性、自律性、紧张性与SCL-90中的各因子均有显著相关（P〈0．05）；进一步回归分析发现以上7个因子解释抑郁、焦虑和人际敏感的变异率分别为34．2％、30．8％和37．2％。结论人格是影响Ⅰ类大学新生心理健康的重要因素，人格的培养和完善有利于促进心理健康。     

大学生自评与测验人格特质的差异及其影响因素分析

目的 探讨大学生自评与测验人格特质的差异及其影响因素。方法 以“16PF”为工具，让大学生在充分了解16种根源特质的内涵以后，进行人格自我评价，并完成“16PF”人格测验。并以“SCL—90”症状自评量表和“FES—CV”家庭环境量表的因素作为自变量，探讨影响其差异因素。结果 研究表明16种根源特质中的乐群性、稳定性、有恒性、怀疑性、世故性、忧虑性、独立性、自律性、紧张性因素存在自评人格特质与测验人格特质的显著性差异。结论 发现心理健康因素、家长教养方式、家庭氛围和家长教育观念是主要的影响因素。     

大连市重点高中学生职业倾向调查研究

目的探讨重点高中学生职业倾向现状及其影响因素。方法采用邓日昌等人修订的“职业倾向系列问卷”,对204名被试进行职业倾向测定,并封结果进行比较分析。结果①重点高中学生总体职业兴趣倾向成SAE型倾向,总体人格模式一致性程度良好,在人格类型和环境类型上都具有良好的分化性。②男生在R现实型和I探索型上得分明颇高于女生,女生在A艺术型和E管理型上得分明颈高于男生,且差异显着。③父母受教育水平对子女职业倾向的影响在A艺术型和E管理型上存在显着差异。结论学生群体的兴趣、能力、价值观等诸多方面具有相似性与和谐统一性;传统因素封高中生的影响仍不可忽视;父母的受教育水平与子女的职业倾向有着密切的联系。     

通过人格教育促进大学生心理健康的实证研究

目的促进大学生的心理健康状况。方法通过对参加2003～2004学年第一学期(健康人格心理学》全校任意性选修课的136名学生进行的22学时的课程教学干预．在课前和课后．分别使用卡特尔16PF人格问卷对学生进行了前测与后测．结果统计表明：(健康人格心理学》课程对于提升大学生的心理健康水平具有十分显着的效果。结论从人格教育的角度入手促进大学生的心理健康是可行的．     

影响大学生心身健康的个性因素探讨

目的：探讨影响医学生心身健康的个性因素。方法：对146名三年级医科大学生进行问卷调查，包括症状自评量表（SCL－690）和卡特尔16项人格因素问卷（16PF），由SPSS作统计分析。结果：SCL－90的强迫、人际敏感、焦虑和精神病性等症状量分高于常模。其中多数症状量分与16PF中的L（怀疑）、O（忧虑）、Q4（紧张）因子分有正相关，而与C（稳定）、E（持强）、F（兴奋）、H（敢为）、Q3（自律0有负相关（均P＜0．05－0．01）。多元逐步回归分析显示，影响学生心身健康的主要个性因素是紧张（Q4）、严肃（F）、感情用事（I）、退却（H）、和怀疑（L）等。结论：各种不良个性因素与大学生心身健康水平有密切联系，提示严重视早期对中小学的个性培养。     

外企营销人员人格特征及心理健康状况调查分析

本文采用卡特尔16项人格因素问卷（16PF）及精神症状自评量表（SCL-90）对武汉市26家外商投资企业215名营销人员进行了人格特征和心理健康状况的调查研究。结果 与全国常模相比,外企营销人员的人格特征表现出因素A、B、F、G、H、N、Q2、Q4、O上有较高得分;因素E、1、M、Q3上得分较低,同时,男性比女性在因素H、Q1、Q2、N有较高得分;在因素O、Q4、M上得分较低。外企营销人员的心理健康状况总体水平基本正常,但抑制,焦虑,人际敏感因子上的得分较高,且女性比男性在这方面的表现更为明显。     

青少年网络交往行为与人格特征关系的研究

目的考查青少年网络交往行为与人格特征二者之间的关系。方法应用《青少年网络交往行为量表》和《卡特尔16PF量表》对广州市2所中学和1所大学749名学生的网络交往行为进行测查。结果青少年网络交往行为与人格特征总体上相关并不显著，人格特征在网络依赖、上网频次、上网动机、上网内容以及网络行为高低分组维度之间存在着不同的差异。结论人格特质对网络交往行为的影响作用随年级的不同而变化。     

The effect of age of onset of PD on risk of dementia

Background Dementia occurs in the majority of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Late onset of PD has been reported to be associated with a higher risk for dementia. However, age at onset (AAO) and age at baseline assessment are often correlated. The aim of this study was to explore whether AAO of PD symptoms is a risk factor for dementia independent of the general effect of age. Methods Two community-based studies of PD in New York (n = 281) and Rogaland county, Norway (n = 227) and two population-based groups of healthy elderly from New York (n = 180) and Odense, Denmark (n = 2414) were followed prospectively for 3–4 years and assessed for dementia according to DSM-IIIR. All PD and control cases underwent neurological examination and were followed with neurological and neuropsychological assessments. We used Cox proportional hazards regression based on three different time scales to explore the effect of AAO of PD on risk of dementia, adjusting for age at baseline and other demographic and clinical variables. Findings In both PD groups and in the pooled analyses, there was a significant effect of age at baseline assessment on the time to develop dementia, but there was no effect of AAO independent of age itself. Consistent with these results, there was no increased relative effect of age on the time to develop dementia in PD cases compared with controls. Interpretation This study shows that it is the general effect of age, rather than AAO that is associated with incident dementia in subjects with PD. Received in revised form: 22 December 2005     

Effects of prevention of afferentation of the development of the chick optic lobe

BONDY, S. C., M. E. HARRINGTON AND C. L. ANDERSON. Effects of prevention of afferentation on the developmentof the chick optic lobe. BRAIN RES. BULL. 3(5) 411–413, 1978.—The effects of unilateral extirpation of the right optic cup of the three-day incubated chick embryo upon the rate of synthesis and the stability of DNA in the non-innervated optic lobe, have been studied. This surgical procedure prevents innervation of the optic lobe contralateral to the removed eye, while the other optic lobe is normally innervated by retinal ganglion cells of the remaining eye. At the 20th day of incubation, the DNA content of the non-innervated lobe was below that of the paired lobe receiving normal innervation. This deficiency of cell number was caused by two events; death of an excess number of neurons formed early in embryogenesis and a reduced rate of glial proliferation in the later stages of incubation.     

帕金森病运动症状进展分析

目的分析帕金森病(PD)患者运动症状进展特点。方法采用PD统一评分量表(UPDRS)Ⅲ对912例PD患者进行评估。结果与病程1年的患者比较,除病程1~2年的患者外,其他病程患者的UPDRSⅢ评分、强直分、姿势或步态异常分、轴性症状总分、言语分、步态分显著升高(均P0.05),病程5~6年及14年患者的震颤分,病程5~6年、7~8年、9~13年、14年患者的运动迟缓分、姿势分显著升高(P0.05~0.01)。轴性症状进展速度高于UPDRSⅢ评分。结论 PD患者病程早期UPDRSⅢ评分进展快,震颤症状进展独立于其他症状,轴性症状评分较UPDRSⅢ更敏感地反映疾病加重趋势。     

Frequency of accumulation of filaments in adaxonal cytoplasm of Schwann cells of myelinated fibers of rat spinal roots

Summary The frequency of accumulation of 6-nm filaments in the adaxonal cytoplasm of Schwann cells in the 6th lumbar dorsal and ventral roots was evaluated in 4-, 8-, 26- and 45-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats. The frequency was higher in 4- and 8-week-old (growing) rats than in 26- and 45-week old (mature) rats, and also higher in ventral than in dorsal roots in 4-, 8- and 26-week old rats. There were no clusters on certain groups of myelinated fibers according to the size of transverse axonal area, in both the ventral and dorsal roots. Therefore, this accumulation may reflect certain functions of the adaxonal cytoplasm of Schwann cell during natural growth and maturation of the axon and myelin sheath.     

Function of circle of Willis

Nearly 400 years ago, Thomas Willis described the arterial ring at the base of the brain (the circle of Willis, CW) and recognized it as a compensatory system in the case of arterial occlusion. This theory is still accepted. We present several arguments that via negativa should discard the compensatory theory. (1) Current theory is anthropocentric; it ignores other species and their analog structures. (2) Arterial pathologies are diseases of old age, appearing after gene propagation. (3) According to the current theory, evolution has foresight. (4) Its commonness among animals indicates that it is probably a convergent evolutionary structure. (5) It was observed that communicating arteries are too small for effective blood flow, and (6) missing or hypoplastic in the majority of the population. We infer that CW, under physiologic conditions, serves as a passive pressure dissipating system; without considerable blood flow, pressure is transferred from the high to low pressure end, the latter being another arterial component of CW. Pressure gradient exists because pulse wave and blood flow arrive into the skull through different cerebral arteries asynchronously, due to arterial tree asymmetry. Therefore, CW and its communicating arteries protect cerebral artery and blood–brain barrier from hemodynamic stress.     

Modelling of movement of the lamprey: Control of oscillators

This article discusses the control methods of the central pattern generator (CPG). First a control model of the CPG is presented using 2 oscillators, and we suggest that phasic modulation to the CPG by means of phasic information is effective for controlling the phase difference between oscillators. Next, two models for controlling the CPG of a lamprey are proposed. One model describes a control system from the brain stem, in which the reticulospinal neurons control the CPG by receiving feedback signals and sending control signals to the neck region of the CPG. The other is a model for learning an localized control system to generate a desired motor pattern. By means of these models, a role of the efference copy is suggested.     

《绵阳市社会心理服务工作管理办法》解读

2018年,国家卫生健康委员会等10部委联合发布《关于印发全国社会心理服务体系建设试点工作方案的通知》,四川省绵阳市被列为全国第一批试点地区。绵阳市人民政府依据《中华人民共和国精神卫生法》等相关法律法规和文件精神,结合前期调查研究和社会心理服务工作的试点实际,编制出台了《绵阳市社会心理服务工作管理办法》,并于2021年12月25日起施行。本文围绕社会心理服务的相关概念、办法总则、重点内容、保障措施等方面进行解读,以期为社会心理服务工作的规范、持续和有效开展提供参考。     

广西农村壮族妇女精神分裂症患者生活质量状况调查

目的研究农村壮族妇女精神分裂症患者的生活质量及影响因素。方法前瞻性的队列研究。采用随机分层抽样法分为农村壮族妇女精神分裂症组、农村汉族妇女精神分裂症组、农村正常妇女对照组,应用“世界卫生组织生存质量测定报告”(WHOQOL-100)及PANSS量表调查其生活质量和疾病的严重程度。结果农村壮族妇女精神分裂症患者生活质量明显低于农村汉族妇女精神分裂症患者,影响其生活质量的相关因素是生活环境及精神支柱/个人信仰。结论经济贫困、环境条件、缺乏有效的医疗服务和社会保障是农村壮族妇女精神分裂症患者生活质量低的关键。因此,建立农村壮族社区精神卫生服务网络势在必行。     

利培酮对精神分裂症患者生活质量的影响

目的：比较利培酮与氟哌啶醇对精神分裂症患者生活质量的影响。方法：对门诊72例服用氟哌啶醇及74例服用利培酮的精神分裂症患者用生活质量综合评定问卷（GQOLI）、阳性与阴性症状量表（PANSS）、副反应量表（TESS）进行评定。结果：利培酮组患者治疗后生活质量有所提高，而氟哌啶醇组患者生活质量有所下降。结论：利培酮治疗有利于患者提高生活质量。