重组人血管内皮抑素联合放疗对CNE1鼻咽癌裸鼠皮下移植瘤生长及其VEGF、MMP-2和MMP-9 mRNA表达的影响

目的探讨重组人血管内皮抑素（恩度）联合放疗对人鼻咽癌细胞株1（CNE1）鼻咽癌裸鼠移植瘤的生长及血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）、基质金属蛋白酶-2（MMP-2）和基质金属蛋白酶-9（MMP-9）mRNA表达的影响。方法建立人鼻咽癌细胞裸鼠模型,成瘤后随机分为4组,对照组、恩度组、放疗组和恩度＋放疗联合组,分别进行恩度与放疗干预,观察各组移植瘤的生长速度和瘤体大小的变化。4周后处死裸鼠摘取瘤体,应用RT-PCR检测各组瘤体组织中的VECF、MMP-2和MMP-9 mRNA的表达变化。结果联合组对鼻咽癌移植瘤的生长有显著抑制作用,且明显强于其他三组（均P〈0.05）;联合组中VECF、MMP-2和MMP-9的表达与另外三组相比均显著下调（均P〈0.05）;VEGF与MMP-2及MMP-9的表达呈正相关（均P〈0.01）。结论恩度联合放疗能明显抑制CNE1鼻咽癌移植瘤的生长,恩度对鼻咽癌裸鼠抑制瘤具有放疗增敏作用,这种作用可能与VEGF、MMP-2和MMP-9表达下调有关。     

灵芝孢子提取物对裸鼠卵巢上皮性癌细胞生长的影响

目的：探讨破壁灵芝孢子提取物对裸鼠卵巢上皮性癌细胞生长的影响。方法建立裸鼠移植性人卵巢上皮性癌模型24只，随机分为对照组、紫杉醇组、灵芝组及灵芝＋紫杉醇组，每组6只。比较各组肿瘤体积、平均瘤质量及抑瘤率。结果对照组瘤体体积增大最明显，灵芝＋紫杉醇组瘤体体积增大最慢，差异有统计学意义（p＜0.01）；灵芝组、紫杉醇组、灵芝＋紫杉醇组瘤质量低于对照组，其中灵芝＋紫杉醇组平均瘤质量最低，差异有统计学意义（p＜0.01）。灵芝＋紫杉醇组抑瘤率高于紫杉醇组和灵芝组（p＜0.01）。结论灵芝孢子提取物具有抑制裸鼠卵巢上皮性癌细胞生长的作用，并增强化疗药物紫杉醇的作用。     

β1整合素反义寡核苷酸联合顺铂治疗人卵巢癌裸鼠移植瘤的研究

目的：探讨以β1整合素反义寡核苷酸（ASODN）治疗人卵巢癌裸鼠皮下移植瘤的可行性.方法：常规体外培养SKOV3细胞,采用皮下注射法建立移植瘤裸鼠动物模型.32只荷瘤鼠随机分为ASODN组（A组）、ASODN联合顺铂（DDP）组（A＋D组）、DDP组和0.9％氯化钠注射液对照组（NS组）,每组8只,分组给药.以脂质体包裹的β1整合素ASODN直接移植瘤内注射,观察肿瘤生长情况,测瘤体积并计算抑瘤率.采用反转录-聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）和免疫组织化学方法分别检测β1整合素mRNA的表达.结果：A组肿瘤体积和抑瘤率分别为（316.10 ±21.77） mm3和48.15％,与NS组比较抑瘤率较高,肿瘤生长缓慢（P＜0.01）.而A＋D组肿瘤体积和抑瘤率分别为（178.70±40.67） mm3和70.37％,与DDP组、A组及NS组差异均有统计学意义（P ＜0.05 ～P＜0.01）.RT-PCR和免疫组织化学检测,A组和A＋D组肿瘤组织中β1整合素mRNA的表达均明显下调（P＜0.01）.结论：单用β1整合素ASDON或联用DDP均可有效抑制人卵巢癌裸鼠皮下移植瘤组织的生长,可能与其特异性下调β1整合素基因表达有关.特异性靶向β1整合素ASODN可用于卵巢癌的辅助治疗.     

CD44v6,E—Cadherin表达与CNE—2Z—F1裸鼠移植瘤转移的关系

目的 探讨ＣＤ４４ｖ６，Ｅ－Ｃａｄｈｅｒｉｎ表达与人鼻咽癌裸鼠移植瘤转移的关系。方法 分别将人鼻咽癌细胞克隆株Ｆ１在体外与鼠肺块共同孵育及胸内移植，然后将带瘤细胞肺块（Ⅰ组）和胸内瘤组织块（Ⅱ组）各行裸鼠皮下移植，并与瘤细胞悬液皮下移植瘤（Ⅲ组）比较，观察各组移植瘤转移特点。采用免疫组织化学技术检测各组移植瘤回复培养细胞ＣＤ４４ｖ６和Ｅ－Ｃａｄｈｅｒｉｎ表达。结果 Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组皮下移植瘤的总转移率和     

HSV-TK基因和IL-12基因治疗裸鼠鼻咽癌的实验研究

目的：研究腺病毒介导的KDR启动子-单纯疱疹病毒胸苷激酶（HSV—tk）系统（AdKDR—tk）联合白细胞介素12基因对裸鼠鼻咽癌的治疗作用．方法：建立鼻咽癌裸鼠模型,将36只成瘤鼠随机分成IL-12基因组、AdKDR—tk／GCV组、IL-12基因＋AdKDR—TK／GCV组和生理盐水／GCV组（对照组）,每组9只．采用瘤内注射分别给予相对应的重组腺病毒液及生理盐水,24h后重复注射1次．次日起连续10d每天ip GCV1次,100mg／kg．治疗结束后处死裸鼠,检测肿瘤质量、组织形态学变化及肿瘤微血管密度．结果：IL-12基因组裸鼠鼻咽癌瘤体质量（1．82±0．78）g及肿瘤微血管密度（15．54±3．46）个／mm^3和AdKDR—tk／GCV组[分别为（1．61±0．61）g,（10．69±4．12）＋／mm^3]与IL-12基因＋AdKDR—TK／GCV组[分别为（1．04±0．52）g,（6．53±1．61）个／mm^3]相比差异有显著性（P〈0．05）;IL-12基因组,AdKDR—tk／GCV组及IL-12基因＋AdKDR—TK／GCV组与生理盐水GCV组[分别为（2．52±1．18）g,（22．78±5．12）个／mm^3]比较也存在显著差异（P〈0．05）．结论：HSV-TK基因和IL-12基因治疗可抑制裸鼠鼻咽癌皮下移植瘤的生长,提高机体的抗肿瘤免疫应答,两者联合运用可产生协同效应,为鼻咽癌的治疗提供新的方法．     

AG1478与顺铂合用对人脑多形性胶质母细胞瘤的疗效分析

目的评估表皮生长因子（EGFR）抑制剂AG1478与顺铂（CDDP）联合应用对人脑多形性胶质母细胞瘤（glioblastoma multiforme,GBM）裸小鼠脑原位移植瘤的疗效。方法人脑GBM裸小鼠脑内原位移植模型建立后第3天,将40只小鼠随机分为4组,每组10只,各组小鼠每次分别应用AG1478（25mg/kg）、CDDP（3mg/kg）、AG1478＋CDDP（25mg/kg＋3mg/kg）及PBS（0.1ml/只）。上述药物均腹腔注射,每2天1次,共4次,用药后观察各组荷瘤鼠生存期。重复上述实验步骤,肿瘤移植后14d处死各组小鼠取脑,HE染色后观察各组移植瘤形态及体积变化;EnVision法检测移植瘤中EGFRⅧ、磷酸化EGFRⅧ（P-EGFRⅧ）的表达及增殖活性变化;TUNEL法检测移植瘤细胞凋亡变化。结果与对照组[（19.4±0.6）d]比较,单用CDDP或AG1478荷瘤鼠生存期分别为（20.7±0.4）d和（20.8±0.6）d（P〉0.05）,而CDDP＋AG1478组荷瘤鼠生存期为（33.6±0.9）d（P〈0.05）;CDDP＋AG1478能明显减小移植瘤体积,降低增殖活性及促进肿瘤细胞凋亡,而单独用药对此效果不明显。结论AG1478与CDDP联合应用有协同的抗肿瘤疗效,这为EGFR抑制剂和常规化疗药物联合治疗恶性胶质瘤提供了实验依据。     

EGCG对鼻咽癌细胞株裸鼠移植瘤的放疗增敏作用以及对Survivin表达的影响

目的研究凋亡抑制基因Survivin的表达与EGCG对鼻咽癌CNE-2裸鼠移植瘤放疗增敏作用的关系。方法将低分化鼻咽癌细胞CNE-2接种于4~6周龄的雌性裸鼠皮下,待移植瘤生长至4~6 mm时,随机分为4组,分别采用NS、EGCG[50 mg/(kg.w)]、放疗(15 Gy)、EGCG给药24 h后再行放疗等方法分别处理各组裸鼠,处理前后分别测量裸鼠移植瘤的短径、体积。21 d后处死裸鼠,取出肿瘤并称重,将肿瘤组织分成两份,分别用来进行病理切片TUNEL染色以及RT-PCR检测Survivin mRNR的表达。结果EGCG+放疗对裸鼠移植瘤的生长抑制最为明显,肿瘤生长抑制率为89.3%,消退率为40.0%。与对照组EGCG组、放疗组相比,EGCG+放疗组的凋亡指数均明显增加(P<0.05),同时,伴有Survivin mRNR的表达显著下降(P<0.05)。结论EGCG对鼻咽癌裸鼠移植瘤可能具有放疗增敏作用,这种作用可能与凋亡抑制基因Survivin的表达下调有关。     

生长抑素联合应用黄芪对裸鼠结肠移植瘤的影响

目的探讨生长抑素联合应用黄芪对裸鼠结肠原位移植瘤生长和转移的作用及其作用机制。方法建立裸鼠结肠原位移植瘤模型80个,随机分为生长抑素联合黄芪组、生长抑素组、黄芪组、生理盐水组,每组20只,分别腹腔注射对应药物。处死实验裸鼠后测量瘤体体积并称重,计算各组的抑瘤率和相对肿瘤增值率,比较各组的肝、肺、腹膜转移率和腹水发生率。结果生长抑素联合黄芪组、生长抑素组、黄芪组、生理盐水组的移植瘤瘤体积分别为（1 061±165）mm3、（1 361±251）mm3、（1 392±326）mm3、（1 698±435）mm3,肝、肺或腹膜转移率分别为10%、35%、40%、90%,腹水发生率分别为10%、40%、34%、90%。生长抑素联合黄芪组、生长抑素组、黄芪组的抑瘤率分别为（89.34±3.45）%、（60.31±6.81）%、（61.52＋5.21）%;相对肿瘤增殖率分别为（25.62±6.94）%、（53.61±12.36）%、（63.95±15.92）%。生长抑素联合黄芪组与生长抑素组、黄芪组的差异均具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论生长抑素联合应用黄芪比单独应用生长抑素或黄芪更能显著抑制裸鼠结肠原位移植瘤的生长和转移。     

HIF-1α、EGFR、Caspase-3在鼻咽癌中的表达

目的研究HIF-1α、EGFR、Caspase-3在鼻咽癌中的表达及其与鼻咽癌放射敏感性的关系。方法采用免疫组化S-P法检测28例鼻咽癌和25例鼻咽癌放疗后复发组织中HIF-1α、EGFR及Caspase-3的表达,RT-PCR检测YC-1对鼻咽癌细胞CNE-2Z中EGFRmRNA表达的影响。结果在鼻咽癌放疗后复发组织中HIF-1α和EGFR的阳性率均高于鼻咽癌组（P〈0.05）;Caspase-3的阳性率低于鼻咽癌组（P〉0.05）。Spearman相关分析显示鼻咽癌组织中HIF-1α与EGFR表达具有相关性（γ=0.387,P〈0.05）,与Caspase-3表达无明显相关性。鼻咽癌放疗后复发组织中HIF-1α阳性表达鼻咽癌患者放疗后复发时间早于阴性表达患者,但差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,HIF-1α与Caspase-3表达呈负相关（γ=-0.436,P〈0.05）,与EGFR表达无明显相关性。YC-1抑制CNE-2Z细胞中EGFRmRNA的表达（P〈0.01）。结论 HIF-1α及EGFR表达与鼻咽癌放射敏感性有关,EGFR可能通过非HIF-1α依赖途径参与鼻咽癌放疗后复发。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Acupuncture Treatment of Vomiting

CASE HISTORY A female patient, 46 years old, head of the foreign affairs department of a certain university in Beijing, paid her first visit on October 9, 2006, with the chief complaint of vomiting for one month. She got vomiting after meals in early September. Before that, she had discomfortable sensation in the stomach due to angry with others, but she didn't pay much attention. Later, it developed into vomiting after eating. After the vomiting, the discomfort would be relieved, but with slight hypodynamia. She was once diagnosed as having 'neurogenic vomiting'. Having taken some western and Chinese drugs, the above symptoms were a little bit improved, but she would have nausea upon eating and with regurgitation. Because of the fear for vomiting, she did not dare to have food intake, with body weight reduction of 6 kilos in one month.     

Qiu Baoguo''''s Experience in Treating Consumptive Syndromes after Radio-Chemotherapies

Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the important modern medical therapies for malignant tumors,yet they can also bring about serious local and systemic toxic side reactions so to decrease the patient;'s life quality,manifested by a series of consumptive symptoms.Having engaged in the combined work of Chinese and western medicine for nearly 50 years,the research fellow Qiu Baoguo in Henan Provincial Academy of TCM has developed his unique views on the TCM study of consumptive syndromes.The author of this essay had once the fortune tO follow Dr.Qiu in clinic,and specially would like to introduce in the following Dr.Qiu's experience in treating consumptive syndromes after radio-chemotherapies for patients with malignant tumor.     

Insomnia Due to Deficiency of Both the Heart and Spleen Treated by Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Chinese Tuina

OBJECTIVE: To observe therapeutic effects of the comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen. METHODS: 92 cases were divided randomly into the treatment group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina) and the control group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion). RESULTS: The therapeutic effect of the treatment group was obviously superior to that of the control group (the CHI2 test showed P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina can give marked therapeutic effects for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.