Treatment of Sprain by Electro-Acupuncture

Sprain is a injury commonly encountered in the dailylife and sports event.Since 1998,I have treated suchcases by electro-acupuncture with satisfactory results.The following is a brief summary.Clinical DataAll the 72 cases enrolled in the study were collectedfrom the OPD Department.45 cases of them weremale,and 27 female,aged 11 to 45 years.Most ofthem were student athletes.11 cases had sprain in thewaist,16 cases with sprain of the posterior muscle     

Adsorption and Uptake of Cadmium by Azolla pinnata：Kinetics of Inhibition by Cations

A.pinnata showed a remarkable ability of taking up Cd from the external medium.Of the total Cd taken up by the test plant,surface adsorption was about 90%.Cd adsorption did not occur at a constant rate,however,an equilibrium was reached in 2h.The uptake of Cd occurred at a constant rate.Test cations.Including heavy metals(Ca,Mg,K,Na,Ni,F,Cu and Zn),inhibited adsorption as well as uptake of Cd.Cd adsorption was competitively inhibited by Cu,Fe and Zn,whereas Ca,Mg,K,Na and Ni caused non-competitive inhibition,Similarly,Cd uptake was competitively(Ca,Mg,Fe)or non-competitively(Na,K,Ni,Zn) inhibited by cations.Inhibition of Cd uptake by Cu was not wholly competitive.     

Identification of Common Species of Dermatophytes by PCR-RFLP

To establish a simple, sensitive and effective technique for the identification of six common dermatopbytes, polymerase chain reaction （PCR） and PCR-restriction fragment length polymorpbism （RFLP） targeting Topoisomerase Ⅱ gene were used. The DNA of 6 common dermatopbytes was amplified by primer dPsD1 and then primers dPsD2. The products generated by dPsD2 were digested with restriction enzyme Hinc Ⅱ and Hinf Ⅰ separately. A DNA fragment of about 3390 bp was amplified by using primer dPsD1 from the genomic DNA of each dermatopbyte species. The product of dPsD2 was 2380 bp and the restriction profiles of Hinc Ⅱ and Hinf Ⅰ were between 58-1670 bp. By using PCR-RFLP, all of the 6 dermatopbytoses were diagnosed to species level and no obvious difference identification between Hinc Ⅱ and Hinf Ⅰ. It is concluded that the PCR-RFLP identification of dermatopbytes by Hinc Ⅱ or Hinf Ⅰ is efficient and rapid in clinical practice.     

Treatment of Post-Stroke Ankylosis by Warm-Needling

Ankylosis is one of the post-stroke sequelae that hampers seriously the daily activities of the patients. Since 1996, the author has adopted warm needling for treatment of post-stroke ankylosis and obtained excellent therapeutic results. The statistical findings have shown that this therapeutic method can exert an important action in improving the joint spasm for patients with post-stroke sequelae. Especially, a better effect can be expected when it is used at the ooints of yin channels. A reoort follows.     

Toxicity Tests of Soil Contaminated by Recycling of Scrap Plastics

The present investigation studied the toxicity of soil contaminated by untreated discharge from a factory that recycles used plastics. The nearby agricultural areas and freshwater fish ponds were polluted with high concentrations of Cu, Ni, and Mn. Water extracts from the contaminated soil retarded root growth of Brassica chinensis (Chinese white cabbage) and Cynodon dactylon (Bermuda grass) where their seeds were obtained commercially. The contaminated populations of C. dactylon, Panicum repen (panic grass), and Imperata cylindrica (wooly grass) were able to withstand higher concentrations of Cu. Ni, and Mn, especially C. dactylon, when compared with their uncontaminated counterparts. 1990 Academic Press, Inc.     

Carcinogenesis by Nitrosamines and Azoxyalkanes by Different Routes of Administration to Rats

The effects of administering similar doses of some simple alkylating agents to rats by differentregimens have been compared.Two of the compounds were methylating agents,nitrosodimeth-ylamine and azoxymethane;two were ethylating agents,nitrosodiethylamine and azoxyethaneand nitrosomethylethylamine was both a methylating and an ethylating agent.The treatmentsgave rise to tumors in almost all treated rats.The results indicate the importance ofpharmacoki-netics in determining which organs are the targets of the alkylating carcinogens.1989 AcademicPress.Inc.     

Acupuncture Treatment of Vomiting Caused by Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy is mainly used for treatingmalignant tumor.However,some patients can notwithstand the side effects in the digestive system andhad to abandon the treatment.In order to preventvomiting,antiemetics,such as metoclopramide andondansetron (a new kind of antiemetic),are used.Butsome patients still vomit after taking these drugs.Moreover,drugs like ondansetron are very expensivefor many patients.Since March 1999,we haveapplied acupuncture to prevent vomiting caused by     

Decontamination of Landfill Leachate by Soil Infiltration

A soil column study was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of soil to attenuate pollutantsin landfill leachate.It was found that more than 60% of the initial alkalinity,COD,and totalnitrogen was removed after the leachate had percolated through the soil column.Lower effi-ciencies were observed for the removal of dissolved cations,ammonia nitrogen,and nitratenitrogen.When previously percolated leachate was recirculated through the soil column,sig-nificant removal(93.6%)of ammonia nitrogen was achieved.Moreover,a further reduction inCOD,total nitrogen,nitrate nitrogen,and potassium was evident.Bioassay tests of seed germi-nation and root growth of Brassica chinensis were performed to compare the phytotoxicitiesof untreated,percolated,and recirculated leachates.The phytotoxicity was reduced by bothtreatments,with the greatest detoxification observed in the leachate recirculation treatment.Thevalues ofpH and Olsen phosphorus were significantly reduced(P<0.01)in the treated columnsoil.whereas significant increases(P<0.05)in electrical conductivity(EC),various forms ofnitrogen,exchangeable sodium percentage(ESP),potassium,magnesium,zinc,and iron wereobserved.EC,ESP,potassium,magnesium,sodium,iron,and various forms of nitrogen accu-mulated at the soil surface(10 cm).On the other hand,manganese was deposited at 20 to 50cm below the soil surface of the treated column.1989 Academic Press.Inc.     

Biodegradation of Tricalcium Phosphate Ceramics by Osteoclasts

Biodegradation of tricalcium phosphate (TCP) ceramics was observed through mixed culture of osteoclasts and TCP discs in vitro in this study. Osteoclasts were isolated from newborn SD rat's marrow of long bone and cultured on TCP discs. The culture terminated at the 48th h and 96th h respectively. Under an inverted microscope, the osteoclasts imparted round or oval body with multinuclear and many thin processes. These cells were positively stained for tartrate-resistance acid phosphatase (TRAP). Scanning electron microscope showed that many resorption lacunae on TCP disc surface and their diameters were smaller than 20 μm. Osteoclasts were located in the lacunae. At the 96th h, the resorption lacunae become larger and osteoclasts showed degeneration. It is suggested that osteoclasts possess ability to re-absorb TCP ceramics under in vitro culturing condition.     

Treatment of Protrusion of the Lumbar Intervertebral Disc by Massotherapy

Clinically,there is a higher incidence ofprotrusion of the lumbar intervertebral disc.It cancause a terrible pain.The author has treated 66 casesby massotherapy,who were confirmatively diagnosedas having protrusion of the lumbar intervertebral discby X-ray film and computer-aided tomography,withsatisfactory results as reported in the following.     

叶下珠水提物对裸鼠人肝癌移植瘤HBx和VEGFR3表达的影响

目的探讨乙型肝炎病毒x基因(hepatitis B virux x gene,HBx)和血管内皮生长因子受体3(vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3,VEGFR3)基因与乙型肝炎相关肝癌的相关性,以及叶下株水提物(aqueous extract of phyllanthus urinaria L,AEP)对HBx和VEGFR3蛋白表达的干预作用。方法将60只Balb/c-nu裸鼠随机分为10组。分别复制转染HBx、氯霉素乙酞转移酶(chloramphenicol acetyltransferase,CAT)和VEGFR3基因的HepG2肝癌细胞的裸鼠皮下移植瘤模型,用AEP进行干预,以生理盐水、环磷酰胺(cyclophosphamide,CTX)作为对照,共治疗6周。观察模型复制后不同时间各组裸鼠的移植瘤生长状况,采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测各组裸鼠血清甲胎蛋白(alpha fetal protein,AFP)水平,采用Western blot方法检测移植瘤组织中HBx和VEGFR3蛋白表达水平。结果肝癌移植瘤模型复制成功。各组裸鼠体质量均随着时间显著增长。实验结束时,接种HepG2-HBx细胞的各组中,AEP处理组肿瘤质量显著低于CTX处理组(P0.05),其AFP水平显著高于NS处理组(P0.05),其移植瘤组织中HBx表达水平显著低于NS组(P0.05)。接种相同肝癌细胞的各组中,AEP处理组VEGFR3表达水平最低,但与CTX组VEGFR3表达水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);AEP组和CTX组VEGFR3表达水平显著低于NS组(P0.05)。对于相同的处理因素,接种HepG-HBx细胞和HepG-CAT细胞的裸鼠移植瘤组织中VEGFR3表达水平均显著低于接种HepG-VEGFR3细胞的裸鼠(P0.01)。结论 AEP通过直接抑制HBx蛋白和VEGFR3蛋白表达,及通过抑制HBx蛋白表达而间接抑制VEGFR3蛋白表达,达到对肝癌移植瘤生长的抑制作用。     

减毒沙门菌携带survivin特异性siRNA对肝细胞癌的生长抑制作用及其相关机制

目的：探讨survivin特异性siRNA对肝细胞癌HepG2细胞的生长抑制作用及减毒沙门菌携带survivin siRNA对裸鼠肝癌皮下移植瘤生长抑制作用及其相关机制。方法：针对survivin的siRNA表达载体,脂质体和空质粒2个对照组分别转染肝细胞癌HepG2细胞后,应用RT-PCR和Western blott...     

NF-κB decoy寡核苷酸联合阿霉素诱导裸鼠肝癌细胞HepG_2凋亡

目的:探讨NF-κB decoy寡核苷酸协同阿霉素对裸鼠肝癌细胞HepG2的作用及机制。方法:接种传代培养的人肝癌细胞HepG2于裸鼠皮下,局部注射NF-κB decoy寡核苷酸和/或阿霉素进行治疗。观测裸鼠瘤体大小变化,计算抑瘤率;HE染色观察肝癌组织结构和细胞形态改变;TUNEL法检测细胞凋亡。结果:NF-κB decoy寡核苷酸联合阿霉素治疗组裸鼠肝癌细胞的生长受到明显抑制,抑瘤率为80.52%;肿瘤重量、体积明显小于单用NF-κBdecoy寡核苷酸、阿霉素治疗组及对照组;联合组癌组织凋亡增加,凋亡指数为(39.8±1.6)%,与其余3组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:NF-κB decoy寡核苷酸协同阿霉素能抑制NF-κB活性,促进肝癌细胞凋亡,增加其对化疗药物的敏感性。     

靶向Notch1基因的siRNA对裸鼠人肝细胞癌移植瘤细胞增殖和凋亡的影响

目的探讨Notch1基因在人肝细胞癌HepG2细胞裸鼠移植瘤中的作用。方法于裸鼠腋下接种0.2×108/mL的HepG2细胞悬液,建立人肝细胞癌裸鼠移植瘤模型,将其分为3组:未处理组(接种PBS悬浮的未转染细胞)、空载体转染组(接种空载体转染的细胞)和Notch1转染组(接种靶向Notch1基因的siRNA转染的细胞)。连续2周观察转染荷瘤裸鼠的生长情况,采用TdT介导的dUTP缺口末端标记技术(TUNEL)研究肿瘤组织中的细胞凋亡,利用R T-PCR和蛋白质印迹技术检测肿瘤组织中Notch1、bcl-2和bax mR NA和蛋白的表达。结果 Notch1 siRNA转染组中肿瘤的生长明显受到抑制,其肿瘤的重量为(0.685±0.138)g,显著低于未处理组(2.896±0.513)g和空载体转染组(2.776±0.623)g(F=29.672,均P<0.01)。TUNEL结果表明,Notch1 siR NA转染组每500个细胞中凋亡的细胞数为(91±3),明显高于未处理组(10±3)和空载体转染组(11±2)中细胞凋亡的数目(P<0.05);此外,RT-PCR和Western印迹结果表明Notch1 siRNA转染组中裸鼠肿瘤组织Notch1和bcl-2 mRNA和蛋白表达均显著下降,而bax的表达显著上升,3组间比较差异具有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论降低Notch1基因的表达能抑制人肝细胞癌细胞HepG2裸鼠皮下移植瘤的生长,诱导HepG2细胞凋亡,后者可能与bax表达的上升和bcl-2表达的下调相关。     

GPI-PLD 通过下调PI3K-Akt 信号通路活性抑制肝癌细胞的生长

目的：明确糖基化磷脂酰肌醇特异性磷酯酶D (glycosylphosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase D,GPIPLD) 对肝癌细胞HepG2 的影响以及可能的调控分子机制。方法：通过转染构建高表达GPI-PLD 模型,利用MTT、 荧光染色以及Western 印迹检测高表达GPI-PLD 对肝癌细胞的影响,同时接种于裸鼠模型中,进一步明确GPI-PLD 在体内对肝癌细胞的影响。结果：与空白组和对照组相比,GPI-PLD 组PI3K-Akt 信号通路活性明显受到抑制,肝癌 细胞增殖活性明显受到抑制并呈现典型的凋亡形态。肝癌裸鼠模型结果显示GPI-PLD 组肿瘤的生长速度、肿瘤质量 [(1.87±0.09) g] 小于空白组[(2.20±0.17) g] 和对照组[(2.15±0.09) g],GPI-PLD 组AST,ALT,AFP 血清浓度显著低于空 白组和对照组(P<0.05)。结论：GPI-PLD 可通过下调PI3K-Akt 信号通路活性,抑制肝癌细胞的增殖及体内生长,促 进肝癌细胞的凋亡。     

HBx、MHBst155真核表达载体构建及在HepG2细胞中的表达

目的建立稳定、高效的HBx、羧基末端截短的中分子表面蛋白(MHBst)体外表达细胞株,以进一步研究HBx、MHBst蛋白在肝癌发生中的作用及其机理。方法设计特异性引物,采用PCR方法从adr亚型HBV质粒pHBV DNA中扩增HBx、羧基末端截短至155位氨基酸的中分子表面蛋白(MHBst155)编码基因,并定向插入绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)表达载体pEGFP-C1的BglⅡ、KpnⅠ和BglⅡ、BamHⅠ酶切位点,转化宿主菌DH5α,提取质粒,分别用上述内切酶酶切及DNA测序鉴定重组质粒。采用脂质体介导将空载体、重组质粒分别转染到人肝肿瘤细胞株HepG2中,G418筛选抗性细胞克隆,荧光显微镜下观察GFP表达,挑取表达GFP的抗性克隆扩大培养、传代。采用RT-PCR、蛋白印迹检测抗性细胞中HBx、MHBst155的mRNA及蛋白水平。结果经酶切及测序鉴定成功构建了pGFP-HBx、pGFP-MHBst155重组表达载体,将空载体及重组质粒转染HepG2,经G418筛选约20 d获得抗性细胞克隆。将带有绿色荧光的抗性克隆扩大培养并经传代40次,细胞仍表达强的绿色荧光。RT-PCR及蛋白印迹检测表明转染重组体的HepG2/GFP-HBx、HepG2/GFP-MHBst155细胞有相应的条带,而空载体、空白对照组未出现条带。结论成功构建了HBx、MHBst155真核重组表达载体pGFP-HBx、pGFP-MHBst155,获得了稳定表达融合蛋白GFP-HBx、GFP-MHBst155的HepG2细胞系,为进一步研究HBx及MHBst蛋白在肝癌发生中的作用及分子机制构建了良好的平台。     

5-LOX siRNA对人肝癌HepG2细胞裸鼠瘤生长的作用和ERK的影响

目的研究5-脂氧合酶(5-LOX)siRNA转染人肝癌HepG2细胞后对裸鼠移植瘤生长的作用及对细胞外信号调节激酶(ERK)1/2信号通路的影响。方法将5-LOX siRNA转染人肝癌HepG2细胞,验证在细胞水平5-LOX表达受抑制。再用转染后的细胞建立裸鼠移植瘤模型。裸鼠分3组:转染组(接种5-LOX siRNA转染的HepG2)、转染空载体组(接种空白质粒转染的细胞)、未转染组(接种未转染的HepG2)。接种21 d后处死裸鼠,测量移植瘤体积。Westernblot和RT-PCR检测瘤体5-LOX、ERK1/2的蛋白和mRNA表达。结果转染组肿瘤平均体积与转染空载体组、未转染组比较明显减小(P<0.01),检测瘤体5-LOX、ERK1/2蛋白水平及mRNA表达量明显下降(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论抑制5-LOX表达可显著抑制肝肿瘤生长,测得ERK1/2表达下降,提示其作用机制可能通过抑制ERK信号转导途径抑制肿瘤增殖。     

沉默GPC-3基因转录对裸鼠肝癌移植瘤的抑制作用

目的：研究沉默磷脂酰肌醇蛋白多糖-3（glypican-3,GPC-3）基因转录抑制肝癌HepG2细胞裸鼠移植瘤生长与机制。方法：以人GPC-3基因序列设计并合成miRNA,构建GPC-3-miRNA干扰质粒。将其导入HepG2细胞,通过杀稻瘟菌素筛选出稳定株,移植裸鼠皮下成瘤。根据体积的均数值绘制肿瘤生长曲线,免疫组化法检测瘤组织内GPC-3、β-catenin、p-GSK3β及cyclinD1表达。结果：肝癌HepG2、Hep3B 和 MHCC-97H 细胞 GPC-3表达较强（50%～80%）, SMMC-7721和Bel-7402细胞中等（18%～25%）,PLC/PRF/5和Bel-7404细胞较弱（8%～10%）。以特异miRNA干预GPC-3基因转录,明显抑制 HepG2细胞增殖,呈时间依赖性;沉默 GPC-3能明显抑制裸鼠皮下移植瘤生长,且瘤组织β-catenin、p-GSK3β及cyclinD1等关键信号分子表达降低。结论：沉默GPC-3影响Wnt/β-catenin通路关键信号分子表达可能是抑制HepG2增殖的分子机制。     

针对HBVx基因的siRNA重组腺病毒的制备及其对HBVx基因表达的抑制作用

目的:构建针对乙型肝炎病毒x基因(HBx基因)的小干扰RNA (siRNA)重组腺病毒表达载体,并在能表达HBx基因的人肝癌细胞株HepG2中观察其对HBx基因表达的抑制作用.方法:重组腺病毒穿梭载体pShuttle-HBx与骨架载体在大肠杆菌BJ5183中同源重组得到重组腺病毒载体,后者转染HEK293细胞,包装并扩增出病毒颗粒.用获得的病毒感染能表达HBx基因人肝癌细胞株HepG2,收集细胞总RNA和总蛋白,采用RT-PCR和Western Blot方法检测细胞中HBx基因表达的变化.结果:经限制性内切酶酶切鉴定,证实针对HBx基因的siRNA重组腺病毒载体构建成功.RT-PCR和Western Blot方法证实,在HepG2细胞中,HBx基因在mRNA和蛋白水平均有降低.结论:腺病毒介导的针对HBx基因的siRNA在体外能够高效、特异地抑制HBx基因的表达.     

乙型肝炎病毒X蛋白和p14ARF依赖性、非依赖性途径对肝癌细胞生长的影响

目的 探讨乙型肝炎病毒X蛋白(HBx)是否通过p14ARF途径影响肝癌细胞生长及其作用机制.方法 将HBx及p14ARF单转染及共转染含野生型p53但不表达p14ARF脚的肝癌细胞株HepG2.实验分为pcDNA3、pcDNA3HBx、pcDNA3p14ARF、pcDNA3HBx+pcDNA3p14ARF4组.通过流式细胞仪比较各转染组HepG2细胞凋亡、细胞周期的变化情况.用含p53结合位点p21WAF1胴启动子荧光素酶活性检测和Western blotting观察各转染组细胞p14ARF、MDM2、p53、p21WAF1蛋白表达水平的变化.结果 HBx及p14ARF脚单转染及共转染含野生型p53但无p14\ARF表达的HepG2细胞,单转染HBx及p14ARF组其细胞凋亡率(14.11%、13.72%)、G0/G1期阻滞细胞数(63.62%、61.75%)、p21WAF1启动子荧光素酶活性(1.25±0.05、1.09±o.06)及p53、p21 WAF1蛋白的表达较对照组(10.66%、57.42%、0.77±0.03)明显升高,而共转染组与单转染p14ARF组相比其p14ARF蛋白表达及上述各项指标(18.61%、66.74%、3.53±0.43)又进一步升高.结论 HBx通过依赖及非依赖p14ARF途径诱导p53表达从而导致激活p21WAF1,进而引起细胞周期G0/G1期的阻滞及细胞凋亡的增加.