骨移植在人工髋关节股骨侧假体翻修中应用

目的 探讨采用颗粒骨、结构骨植骨技术进行人工髋关节股骨侧假体翻修术的临床效果.方法 2001年6月至2005年10月,采用颗粒骨或/和结构骨植骨技术对16例人工髋关节股骨侧假体进行了翻修,平均随访时间39个月,采用Harris评分及X线片观察进行临床疗效评定.结果 Harris评分从术前平均41.7分提高到术后82.6分,术后优良率为达87.5%;9例患者无假体松动及下沉;余7例出现不同程度的股骨假体下沉,下沉的高度低于0.5～1 cm:所有患者未出现假体松动的症状,无需再次翻修术.结论 进行有效骨缺损修复,成功地重建股骨近端的骨结构是人工髋关节股骨侧骨假体翻修的关键.     

组合式翻修股骨假体在人工全髋关节翻修术中的初步应用

目的评价组合式全涂层翻修股骨假体在人工髋关节翻修术中的近期X线和临床效果.方法自2001年5月至2002年11月,对10例12髋采用组合式全涂层翻修股骨柄进行全髋关节翻修术.男3例,女7例,平均年龄54.2岁(35～71岁).其中,翻修原因除1例感染性松动外,其余均为无菌性松动.X线评价包括翻修前骨缺损,翻修前后的下肢长度、股骨偏心距、前倾角及翻修后假体骨长入.临床功能评价采用Harris评分.结果10例患者均获随访,随访时间6～24个月,平均13.5个月.术前6例患者双下肢不等长超过2 cm,术后所有患者双下肢均恢复或保持等长.股骨偏心距、前倾角、颈干角基本恢复至初次手术前的水平.所有患者均在术后3～5个月后完全负重,术前髋关节疼痛缓解.至最后一次随访时,有11髋股骨柄发生骨长入,1例牢固纤维长入.髋关节Harris评分由术前的平均(25.67±15.58)分升高至术后平均(72.44±9.36)分.并发症主要为术中发生股骨骨折3例,无一例患者发生感染或髋关节脱位.结论组合式全涂层非骨水泥股骨翻修假体能够极大地方便髋关节翻修术,近期X线和临床效果满意.     

颗粒性打压植骨在股骨缺损的髋关节翻修中的应用

目的：探讨颗粒性打压植骨技术在股骨缺损的髋关节翻修中的应用效果。方法：对15例20髋合并股骨缺损患者行全髋翻修术,术中对股骨缺损采用颗粒性打压植骨技术结合钛网和结构性植骨,使用骨水泥解剖型假体进行股骨翻修,术后对其中14例(19髋)进行髋关节X线检查及髋关节功能Harris评分。结果：X线检查显示17髋股骨缺损植骨处愈合,无明显骨吸收以及假体下沉,术前Harris评分平均为34.18分,术后提高到86.6分,Harris评分优良率89.5%。结论：颗粒性打压植骨是治疗严重股骨缺损的一项有效方法。     

普通非骨水泥股骨柄用于髋关节翻修的临床分析

目的：评价普通非骨水泥股骨假体用于人工全髋关节翻修术的临床效果。方法对我科2008年1月-2011年11月期间行普通非骨水泥柄髋关节翻修手术的18例患者进行影像学和临床疗效评价。其中男性10例,女性8例;患者年龄45~76岁,平均58岁。行髋关节翻修的原因：假体周围感染10例,无菌性松动8例。所有患者翻修手术前后均行Harris评分和髋关节X线正侧位检查。结果18例均获得随访,随访时间6~42个月,平均30个月。术前Harris评分平均为39（23~53）分,截止最近一次随访评分均数增加至92（84~96）分。所有患者均在术后2~3个月完全负重,原有的疼痛也得到缓解。仅1例术后3个月门诊随访时诉大腿外侧有不适至轻度疼痛,口服双氯芬酸钠双释放胶囊75 mg 1/d,两周后症状消失。最近一次随访时,所有股骨假体均获得良好的骨长入。无明显并发症。仅1例术后两周脱位,给予手法复位单侧髋关节“人”字形石膏固定6周,随访6个月,未再脱位。结论普通非骨水泥股骨柄是部分髋关节翻修术中股骨假体翻修的良好选择,近期临床表现和X线检查结果令人满意。     

人工髋关节翻修术29例的临床效果分析

目的：探讨人工髋关节置换术后翻修的主要原因及髋臼骨缺损的处理方法。方法：选择2005年6月。2010年6月我院髋臼骨缺损患者29例（29个髋关节）行翻修术,采用打压颗粒植骨、髋臼假体置换重建髋臼骨缺损后进行假体固定。应用Harris评分标准及髋正位片评价临床治疗效果。结果：行髋关节置换翻修术的主要原因为无菌性假体松动。本研究29例患者到随访结束时均无明显骨吸收及假体位置变化。经Harris评分显示,术前患者平均得分为（37．5±7．9）分,末次随访时平均得分为（91．3±8．3）分,差异有高度统计学意义（P〈0．001）。结论：无菌性假体松动是人工髋关节翻修的主要原因,而打压颗粒植骨联合髋臼假体置换能合理、有效地重建缺损的髋臼骨。     

二期翻修治疗人工髋关节假体周围感染

目的探讨人工髋关节置换术后假体周围感染二期翻修手术疗效和假体再植入时机。方法回顾性分析自2006年1月～2010年1月在我院采用二期翻修术治疗人工髋关节术后感染15例(15髋)。一期手术彻底清创,取出感染假体,植入自制万古霉素骨水泥占位器;3～6月后二期手术,再次清创,取出骨水泥占位器后,9例植入骨水泥型,6例植入非骨水泥型假体。术后随访9～46个月(平均25个月)。结果 15例患者均未发现感染复发、假体松动和脱位等。治疗前Harris评分平均为40.3分(22～55分),一期手术后Harris评分平均为54.0分(45～65分)。二期翻修后Harris评分平均为88.2分(68～94分)。结论二期翻修手术治疗人工髋关节置换术后假体周围感染,能有效控制感染,关节功能明显改善,临床效果满意。一期手术后间隔3～6月再二期手术为恰当的手术时机。     

髋臼侧骨缺损全髋关节翻修中的早期疗效分析

目的：通过对全髋关节翻修术后随访病例进行分析,探讨髋臼侧翻修时处理各类型骨缺损的方法选择及其早期疗效。方法：对46例髋关节置换术后髋臼骨缺损的患者进行翻修,观察术后随访X线片上的髋臼假体及周围骨质变化情况,并对髋关节行Harris功能评定和VAS评分。结果：46例获得随访,随访时间13~83个月,平均随访41.8个月,髋关节Hariss评分平均由全髋关节翻修术前的（53.15±11.41）分（29~67分）提高至翻修术后12月的（91.23±3.43）（83~98分）（P〈0.05）。疼痛视觉模拟评分（VAS）评分平均由全髋关节翻修术前的（7.8±1.1）分（5~10分）减低至翻修术后12月的（1.2±1.2）分（0~3分）（P〈0.05）。结论：全髋关节翻修术中,根据不同的翻修原因给予不同的植骨方式和选择适当的假体类型,可有效恢复髋关节周围骨量,重建髋关节的稳定性,改善髋关节的功能,近期随访疗效均满意。     

异体骨植骨重建在人工髋关节感染二期翻修中的应用

目的探讨异体骨植骨重建在髋关节感染二期翻修中应用的安全性及有效性。方法在人工髋关节置换术后感染的二期翻修中,使用异体骨压缩植骨技术修复14例髋关节的骨缺损,观察疗效并进行Harris评分。结果全部病例获得随访,平均随访时间23个月,临床结果和X线分析未见感染复发和关节松动,Harris评分平均83分,较术前平均改善45分。结论在髋关节感染二期翻修中应用异体骨植骨来修复骨缺损,是一种安全而有效的方法。     

螺旋臼合并特异性植骨术治疗髋臼翻修术中骨缺损

目的介绍螺旋臼合并特异性植骨术治疗髋臼翻修术中骨缺损的应用。方法回顾性分析21例使用螺旋臼合并特异性植骨术治疗髋臼翻修术中骨缺损的病例。结果随访1~7年,平均5.3年。21例髋关节疼痛均消失,关节功能恢复满意。翻修前Harris评分平均为39分,翻修术后平均为83分。暂未出现术后假体松动而需要再次翻修病例。结论采用螺旋臼合并特异性植骨术治疗髋臼翻修术中骨缺损效果明确,取得了良好的短期和中期效果。     

髋臼钛板加自体髂骨植骨治疗全髋关节翻修术中严重髋臼骨缺损

目的观察髋臼钛板加自体髂骨植骨治疗全髋关节翻修术中髋臼严重骨缺损的临床效果。方法对21例全髋关节翻修术中髋臼严重骨缺损患者行髋臼钛板加自体髂骨植骨治疗,术后随访6个月至7.5a,根据临床症状及X线进行评估。结果 21例患者均获得随访,未见感染、假体四周骨折等并发症,X线显示髋臼骨床与植入骨完全愈合,髋臼钛板与植入骨、假体之间无完全性透亮带,无骨溶解和髋臼内衬位移病例。Harris评分75～93分,平均(85.46±8.26)分;优15例,良4例,可2例,优良率90.5%。结论髋臼钛板加自体髂骨植骨可有效修复髋臼骨缺损,为假体提供坚强的初始固定,具有恢复髋关节旋转中心的作用,且操作简单,疗效可靠。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Acupuncture Treatment of Vomiting

CASE HISTORY A female patient, 46 years old, head of the foreign affairs department of a certain university in Beijing, paid her first visit on October 9, 2006, with the chief complaint of vomiting for one month. She got vomiting after meals in early September. Before that, she had discomfortable sensation in the stomach due to angry with others, but she didn't pay much attention. Later, it developed into vomiting after eating. After the vomiting, the discomfort would be relieved, but with slight hypodynamia. She was once diagnosed as having 'neurogenic vomiting'. Having taken some western and Chinese drugs, the above symptoms were a little bit improved, but she would have nausea upon eating and with regurgitation. Because of the fear for vomiting, she did not dare to have food intake, with body weight reduction of 6 kilos in one month.     

Qiu Baoguo''''s Experience in Treating Consumptive Syndromes after Radio-Chemotherapies

Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the important modern medical therapies for malignant tumors,yet they can also bring about serious local and systemic toxic side reactions so to decrease the patient;'s life quality,manifested by a series of consumptive symptoms.Having engaged in the combined work of Chinese and western medicine for nearly 50 years,the research fellow Qiu Baoguo in Henan Provincial Academy of TCM has developed his unique views on the TCM study of consumptive syndromes.The author of this essay had once the fortune tO follow Dr.Qiu in clinic,and specially would like to introduce in the following Dr.Qiu's experience in treating consumptive syndromes after radio-chemotherapies for patients with malignant tumor.     

Insomnia Due to Deficiency of Both the Heart and Spleen Treated by Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Chinese Tuina

OBJECTIVE: To observe therapeutic effects of the comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen. METHODS: 92 cases were divided randomly into the treatment group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina) and the control group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion). RESULTS: The therapeutic effect of the treatment group was obviously superior to that of the control group (the CHI2 test showed P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina can give marked therapeutic effects for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.