Evaluation on the Safety and Efficacy of Tirofiban in the Treatment of Acute Coronary Syndrome

To evaluate the safety and efficacy of tirofiban, a specific inhibitor of the platelet glyco- protein Ⅱb/Ⅲa receptor, in the treatment of unstable angina and myocardial infarction without per- sistent ST elevation (acute coronary syndrome, ACS), a total of 200 patients were randomly assigned to a heparin group and a tirofiban heparin group on double-blind basis and the treatment effects of the two protocols on ACS were compared when the patients of both groups were taking aspirin at the same time. The composite primary end-point events consisted of death, myocardial infarction, or re- fractory ischemia. Our results showed that the frequency of the composite primary end point events in 30 days was lower in tirofiban heparin group as compared with that of heparin group (13.9% vs 29.3 %, P=0.010). The rates of the other composite end point events in the tirofiban heparin group were also lower than those in the heparin group in 4.5 days and in 30 days. Bleeding complication occurred in 7.0% of the patients receiving heparin alone and in 12.7% of the patients receiving tirofiban and heparin in combination (P=0.1717). The study showed that the incidence of ischemic events in pa- tients with ACS receiving tirofiban heparin was lower when compared with that of patients who re- ceived only heparin and aspirin, suggesting that tirofiban might be of special value in the treatment of ACS.     

Rosiglitazone could improve clinical outcomes after coronary stent implantation in nondiabetic patients with metabolic syndrome

Background Recent studies have shown that thiazolidinediones （TZDs） could reduce in-stent restenosis and improve clinical outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes after coronary stent implantation. It remains unclear whether nondiabetic patients with metabolic syndrome after stenting could also benefit from the treatment with TZDs. Methods Three hundred and sixty patients with metabolic syndrome who underwent coronary stent implantation were randomly assigned to a rosiglitazone group （n= 180） or a control group （n= 180）. Patients in the rosiglitazone treatment group were treated with rosiglitazone 1 day before coronary stenting （4 mg once daily） and treatment was continued until the 9 months follow-up; while in the control group, patients were treated with placebo 1 day before the procedure and until the 9 months follow-up. Adverse events were death, myocardial infarction and urgent target vessel revascularization within 9 months after coronary stenting. Results One hundred and fifty two patients in the rosiglitazone group and 145 patients in the control group survived during the follow-up. Baseline characteristics among patients in the two groups were well balanced. There was no significant difference in target vessels or the procedure of stent implantation. Compared with the control group, treatment with rosiglitazone was associated with a lower rate of death, myocardial infarction and urgent target vessel revascularization （7.2% vs 14.5%, P=0.044）. Conclusion Rosiglitazone could reduce the risk of the adverse cardiovascular event and improve clinical outcomes in nondiabetic patients with metabolic syndrome after coronary stent implantation.     

Comparison of efficacy and safety of native eptifibatide vs. tirofiban in patients with acute coronary syndrome undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention

Objective: To compare clinical outcomes and safety of eptifibatide or tirofiban in patients with acute coronary syndrome(ACS) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI). Methods:Thirty-six patients with ACS(unstable angina/non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, UA/NSTEMI) who underwent PCI were randomly divided into two groups to receive eptifibatide or tirofiban treatment. Eptifibatide or tirofiban was predominantly initiated in the catheter laboratory before the intervention. In-hospital and 30-day MACE outcomes; bleeding as well as platelet counting were investigated in those two groups. Results:No in-hospital and 30-day MACE event occurred in the two groups. The number of ischemia leads after treatment reduced compared to that before PCI in the two groups. There was improvement in the number of ischemia leads for 24 h after administration in the tirofiban group than those in eptifibatide group(4.21±2.46 vs. 3.89±3.31, P =0.03). The two groups showed no incidence of massive bleeding. Minor bleeding rates were 16.7% and 22.2% in the two groups respectively. Conclusion:Eptifibatide as an adjunct to PCI may further decrease the incidence of ischemia event in patients with ACS and improve the safety, but its long-term efficacy and side effects need further observation.     

A Randomized Controlled Trial of Adjunctive Bunchang Naoxintong Capsule (步长脑心通胶囊) Versus Maintenance Dose Clopidogrel in Patients with CYP2C19 2 Polymorphism

Objective：To determine the impact of adjunctive Buchang Naoxintong Capsule（步心脑心通胶囊,NXT） on dual antiplatelet therapy in patients with cytochrome P450 2C19＊2（CYP2C19＊2） polymorphism undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention（PCI）.Methods：Ninety patients with CYP2C19＊2 polymorphism were enrolled,and their genotypes were confirmed by polymerase chain reaction（PCR）.The patients were randomly assigned to receive either adjunctive NXT（triple group,45 cases） or dual antiplatelet therapy（dual group,45 cases） using a computer-generated randomization sequence and sealed envelopes.Platelet function was assessed at baseline and 7 days after treatment with conventional aggregometry.Subsequent major adverse cardiovascular events（MACE,including sudden cardiac arrest and acute coronary syndrome） were recorded during a 12-month followup.Results：Baseline platelet function measurements were similar in both groups.After 7 days,percent inhibitions of maximum platelet aggregation and late platelet aggregation were significantly greater in the triple versus dual group（42.3%±16.0%vs.20.8%±15.2%,P〈0.01,and 54.7%±18.3%vs.21.5%±29.2%,P〈0.01,respectively）.During the 12-month follow-up,the rate of subsequent MACE（6/45） was significantly lower in the triple group compared with the dual group（14/45;P〈0.05）.Conclusion：Adjunctive NXT to maintenance dose clopidogrel（75 g） could enhance the antiplatelet effect and decrease subsequent MACE in patients with the CYP2C19＇2polymorphism undergoing PCI.     

Combined use of extended-release niacin and atorvastatin: safety and effects on lipid modification

Background Cholesterol-lowering therapy with statins has been reported to reduce the morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to investigate the effects of combined application of extended-release niacin and atorvastatin on lipid profile modification and the risks of adverse events in patients with coronary artery disease. Methods Consecutive 108 patients with coronary artery disease and serum total cholesterol （TC） 〉 3.5 mmol/L were randomized into two groups： group A using atorvastatin and group B using extended-release niacin （niacin ER） and atorvastatin. Plasma lipid profile, glucose, and adverse events were assessed at the hospitalization, and 6 and 12 months after treatment. In addition, clinical cardiovascular events were evaluated after 12 months of treatment. Results The levels of TC, low density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C） were significantly decreased （P 〈0.05） in groups A and B, but the levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C） and ApoA increased by 29.36% and 40.81% respectively after 12 months of treatment in group B （P 〈0.01）. The medications were generally well tolerated in the two groups. No significant difference of adverse events was found between the two groups （group A： 3.2% vs group B 5.1%, P 〉0.05）. Conclusions Combined use of extended-release niacin with atorvastatin was superior to atorvastatin monotherapy alone in lipid profile regulation. Combination therapy with niacin ER and atorvastatin was well tolerated and safe in patients with coronary artery disease.     

Rosiglitazone Improving Clinical Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes with Coronary Artery Disease after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Objective Rosiglitazone, an agonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ （PPARγ）, is an insulin- sensitizing antidiabetic agent and inhibits restenosis in animal blood vessels. This study was designed to investigate its effects on clinical outcomes of patients with type 2 diabetes and coronary artery disease （CAD） after percutaneous coronary intervention （PCI）. Methods Patients with diabetes and CAD who had undergone PCI were randomly assigned to a rosiglitazone group or a control group. Patients in the rosiglitazone treatment group were treated with rosiglitazone 1 day before PCI （4mg once daily） and treatment was continued until the 6 months follow-up; while in the control group, patients were treated with placebo 1 day before the procedure and until the 6 months follow-up. Adverse events were death, myocardial infarction and urgent target vessel revascularization within 6 months after PCI. Results Seventy patients in the rosiglitazone group and 66 patients in the control group survived during the follow-up. Baseline characteristics among patients in the two groups were well balanced. There was no significant difference in target vessels or the procedure of stent implantation. Compared with the control group, treatment with rosiglitazone was associated with a lower rate of death, myocardial infarction and urgent target vessel revascularization （5.7% vs 19.7%, P=0.013）. Conclusion Rosiglitazone could reduce the risk of the adverse cardiovascular event and improve clinical outcomes in type 2 diabetes with coronary artery disease after PCI.     

Primary percutaneous coronary intervention on older patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: analysis of its risk factors

Objective： The aim of the present study was to assess the early clinical outcome and risk factors in old patients with acute ST elevation myocardial infarction （STEMI） following primary percutaneous coronary intervention （PCI）. Methods： A total of 136 patients older than 60 years with STEMI who received successful PCI were included in this study. The patients were classified in 2 age groups： patients 〉75 years and 〈75 years of age. The extent of coronary artery lesions was measured by quantitative coronary artery angiography （QCA）. Subjects were tracked for subsequent cardiovascular events： cardiac death, myocardial infarction, heart failure, percutaneous coronary intervention, coronary artery bypass and stroke. Results： Though the older group had a higher prevalence of adverse baseline characteristics and lower final TIMI flow than patients〈75y （P〈0.05）, the procedural success did not make difference between the two groups. In 12 months follow-up of 136 study participants, there occurred 39 CV events ： cardiac death （five patients）, heart failure （nineteen patients）, and stroke （six patients）. Three patients received coronary bypass grafts and six patients underwent PCI. Heart failure and overall cardiovascular event rates were higher in older patients compared with those in patients〈75y. The main adverse clinical events （MACE） for the old group were a little higher comparing with the younger in 12-month follow-up （P=-0.029 6 and P=-0.043 4）. Multivariate cox analysis identified that a diagnosis of diabetes （HR 2.495, 95%CI 1.224 to 5.083, P= 0.011 8） and time from symptom（HR 1.450, 95%CI 1.143 to 1.841, P= 0.008 2） to PCI as independent predictors of CV events after adjustment of all entered baseline variables. Conclusion： Our study suggests that drug-eluting stent implantation in older patients with acute ST elevation myocardial infarction has high initial procedural success rates despite having more severe baseline risk characteristics, and to shorten the time from symptom onset to PCI may decrease cardiovascular events in old patients following PCI.     

Midterm outcomes of prospective, randomized, single-center study of the Janus tacrolimus-eluting stent for treatment of native coronary artery lesions

Background Long-term efficacy and safety of tacrolimus-eluting stent （Janus） for treatment of coronary artery disease in percutaneous coronary interventions （PCI） ＂real wodd＂ is uncertain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Janus stent for treating coronary heart disease in PCI daily practice, the safety of 4-month clopidogrel therapy after Janus stent implantation and the feasibility for treating patients with acute myocardial infarction （AMI） for first time. Methods From February 20, 2006 to August 26, 2006, a total of 200 patients were enrolled and randomly assigned to receive either Janus stent （n=100） or bare metal stent （Tecnic Carbostent, n=100）. All patients were administered with clopidogrel for 4 months and aspirin for life long after stenting. Results Baseline clinical and angiographic characteristics were comparable between the two groups. AMI was present in 37% of patients with Janus and 36% with Tecnic Carbostent. At an average of 246-day follow-up, major adverse cardiac events （MACE） was 6% with the Janus stent and 15% with the Tecnic Carbostent （P=0.038）. Primary events included 1 cardiac death, 1 myocardial infarction （MI） due to subacute stent thrombosis and 13 target lesion revasculadzations （TLR） due to restenosis in patients with Tecnic Carbostent and 6 TLR due to restenosis in patients with Janus stent. Although all patients had discontinued clopidogrel for an average of 126 days, there was no additional thrombotic event in the two groups. Conclusions Janus stent is efficient in reducing MACE compared with Tecnic Carbostent at an average of 8-month follow-up. Discontinuation of clopidogrel at 4 months after PCI is safe for patients with Janus stent, including AMI patients Long-term efficacy of Janus stent in reducing restenosis requires further study.     

Effect of PercuSurge Distal Protection Device in Acute Myocardial Infarction during Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Objective To evaluate the efficiency and safety of PercuSurge DPD in coronary intervention in patients with acute myocardial infarction undergoing PCI treatment within 72 hours. Methods This was a prospective cohort study of patients with AM. From December 2003 to December 2005, 174 acute myocardial infarction patients who received primary coronary intervention were included into this study. Patients were divided into DPD and control group according to whether Percusurge DPD was attempted during emergency PCI. The basic clinical characteristics, angiographic results, and follow up data before discharge were compared. TIMI flow grades and myocardial blush grades were performed in all cases after emergency PCI. Results The device was successfully deployed in 78 of 87 patients, the visible red, white debris or red clastic thrombosis were aspirated in 72 of 78 patients in DPD group. Post- PCI Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction （TIMI） grades and myocardial blush grades were significantly higher in DPD group than in control group. Post-PCl no-reflow, distal embolization and 30-day major adverse cardiac events were significantly higher in control group than in DPD group, whereas TIMI grades, myocardial blush grades and minimal lumen diameter were significantly increased after using the export aspiration. Conclusion PercuSurge DPD can be used safely and effectively in coronary intervention in the thrombus laden arteries such as AMI.     

Use of tailored loading-dose clopidogrel in patients undergoing selected percutaneous coronary intervention based on adenosine diphosphate-mediated platelet aggregation

Background Adenosine phosphate-mediated platelet aggregation is a prognostic factor for major adverse cardiac events in patients who have undergone selective percutaneous coronary interventions. This study aimed to assess whether an adjusted loading dose of clopidogrel could more effectively inhibit platelet aggregation in patients undergoing selected percutaneous coronary intervention.Methods A total of 205 patients undergoing selected percutaneous coronary intervention were enrolled in this multicenter, prospective, randomized study. Patients receiving domestic clopidogrel （n=104） served as the Talcom （Taijia）group; others （n=101） received Plavix, the Plavix group, Patients received up to 3 additional 300-mg loading doses of clopidogrel to decrease the adenosine phosphate-mediated platelet aggregation index by more than 50% （the primary endpoint） compared with the baseline. The secondary endpoint was major adverse cardiovascular events at 12 months.Results Compared with the rational loading dosage, the tailored loading dosage better inhibited platelet aggregation based on a ＞50% decrease in adenosine phosphate-mediated platelet aggregation （rational loading dosage vs. tailored loading dosage, 48% vs. 73%, P=0.028）. There was no significant difference in the eligible index between the Talcom and Plavix groups （47% vs. 49% at 300 mg; 62% vs. 59% at 600 mg; 74% vs. 72% at 900 mg; P ＞0.05） based on a standard adenosine diphosphate-mediated platelet aggregation decrease of ＞50%. After 12 months of follow-up, there were no significant differences in major adverse cardiac events （2.5% vs. 2.9%, P=5.43）. No acute or subacute stent thrombosis events occurred.Conclusion An adjusted loading dose of clopidogrel could have significant effects on antiplatelet aggregation compared with a rational dose, decreasing 1-year major adverse cardiac events in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions based on adenosine phosphate-mediated platelet aggregation with no increase in bleeding.     

替格瑞洛在冠脉搭桥术治疗急性ST段抬高性心肌梗死的临床疗效

目的:探讨替格瑞洛在冠脉搭桥术治疗急性ST段抬高性心肌梗死的临床疗效。方法:选取急性 ST段抬高性心肌梗死患者387例。术前冠脉造影证实存在冠脉血管左主干病变或严重弥漫冠脉血管病变的 患者共221例,其中65例行急诊经皮冠状动脉介入（PCI）治疗,40例行溶栓治疗,余116例患者因存在急 诊PCI困难或超过溶栓治疗时间窗,建议限期行冠脉搭桥手术且获家属同意。随机平均分为替格瑞洛组（ 58例）、氯吡格雷组（58例）,两组患者术前均予以降低心肌耗氧、改善冠脉供血等对症治疗。氯吡格 雷组术前加用氯吡格雷口服,术后予以氯吡格雷+阿司匹林口服;替格瑞洛组术前加用替格瑞洛口服,术 后予以替格瑞洛+阿司匹林口服。比较两组患者治疗后心电图ST段回落幅度、血小板聚集率变化情况、心 功能指标及心血管不良事件发生率。结果:术后第1、12、24小时替格瑞洛组ST段回落程度大于氯吡格雷 组（P＜0.05）;患者用药 5 d、10 d以及30 d血小板聚集率替格瑞洛组低于氯吡格雷组 （P＜0.05）; 术后第1周左室射血分数、左室舒张末期内径及左室收缩末期内径两组无明显统计学差异（P＜0.05）, 术后第4周左室射血分数、左室舒张末期内径及左室收缩末期内径替格瑞洛组优于氯吡格雷组 （P≤0.05 ;心血管不良事件[不稳定性心绞痛 （UAP）、出血、急性心肌梗死（AMI）、心力衰竭（CF） ]发生率 ,替格瑞洛组低于氯吡格雷组 （P＜0.05）。结论:替格瑞洛可显著提高冠脉搭桥术治疗急性ST段抬高 性心肌梗死患者临床疗效。     

尿激酶溶栓联合替罗非班或替格瑞洛抗血小板治疗急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死效果分析

目的:探讨尿激酶溶栓联合替罗非班或替格瑞洛抗血小板治疗急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)患者的疗效.方法:根据不同治疗方案将148例STEMI患者分为替罗非班组、替格瑞洛组与氯吡格雷组,分别联合尿激酶溶栓治疗,连续干预7d,比较各组治疗后心肌再灌注指标、治疗前后心功能、心肌损伤标志物、超敏-C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)及30d不良事件情况.结果:与氯吡格雷组比较,替罗非班组、替格瑞洛组治疗后ST段回落>50％、肌梗死溶栓治疗(TIMI)3级血流、心肌灌注分级(TMP)3级比率、左室射血分数(LVEF)均显著高,左室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、左室收缩末期内径(LVESD)、血清肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)、心肌肌钙蛋白(cTnI)、hs-CRP水平均显著低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而替罗非班组与替格瑞洛组上述指标比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);三组30d不良事件发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论:尿激酶溶栓联合替罗非班或替格瑞洛治疗STEMI相比氯吡格雷能明显改善患者心功能,减轻心肌损伤及炎症反应,短期预后效果类似;替罗非班、替格瑞洛治疗效果相当.     

高剂量腺苷在急性ST段抬高心肌梗死直接经皮冠状动脉介入治疗中的应用效果评价

目的:评价高剂量腺苷在急性ST段抬高心肌梗死直接经皮冠状动脉介入治疗中的应用效果。方法:ST段抬高心肌梗死患者84例,随机分为研究组和对照组各42例。所有患者均直接进行经皮冠状动脉介入治疗,研究组即刻给予腺苷600 μg+0.9%氯化钠注射液10 mL,对照组即刻给予腺苷300 μg+0.9%氯化钠注射液10 mL,均持续冠状动脉内注射1 min再给予支架,术毕进行再通后血流评价,并比较肌酸激酶、肌酸激酶同工酶、肌钙蛋白I等生化指标和术后心电图ST段抬高回落率及左心室射血分数变化。结果:研究组患者治疗后生化指标和心电图指标均显著优于对照组(P<0.05~P<0.01)。2组患者术前和术后30 min TIMI血流分级差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),研究组术后即刻TIMI血流分级优于对照组(P<0.05)。研究组患者术后不良反应和术后30 d恶性心血管事件发生率与对照组差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:高剂量腺苷在急性ST段抬高心肌梗死直接PCI治疗中安全有效,具有临床应用价值。     

STEMI患者急诊PCI比伐芦定联合替格瑞洛的近期出血风险评估

目的：观察急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PCI）围术期比伐芦定联合替格瑞洛抗栓治疗的出血风险。方法回顾性分析该院收治的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死（STEMI）并成功完成急诊PCI术的患者458例,依据PCI术中使用的抗凝方案将其分为比伐芦定组（217例）与普通肝素组（241例）,所有患者术前均给予替格瑞洛180 mg、阿司匹林100 mg双联抗血小板治疗,并在术后长期给予替格瑞洛90 mg （每日2次）、阿司匹林100 mg （每日1次）,分析患者临床资料,比较两组 PCI术后72 h的出血情况。结果两组患者性别、年龄、体质量、吸烟者所占百分比、伴随疾病及并发症的发生率,以及 PCI术前红细胞计数、血小板计数、血红蛋白含量、凝血酶原时间比较,差异均无统计学意义（P＞0．05）。比伐芦定组出血发生率低于普通肝素组,差异有统计学意义（χ2＝8．455,P＝0．05）。结论与普通肝素相比,在应用替格瑞洛的基础上PCI术中给予比伐芦定抗凝可减少患者的出血风险。     

急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死PCI术后使用双倍剂量氯吡格雷的效果观察

目的:探讨急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者经皮冠状动脉介入(PCI)术后口服双倍剂量氯吡格雷抗血小板的疗效。方法:80例患者PCI术后随机分为观察组和对照组各40例。对照组口服阿司匹林100 mg,氯吡格雷75 mg,每天各1次;观察组口服阿司匹林100 mg,每天1次,氯吡格雷75 mg,每天2次,1个月后改为氯吡格雷75 mg,每天1次。服药1个月后,观察2组血小板聚集率变化,随访1年后主要心血管事件的发生情况。结果:与对照组比较,观察组服药1个月后血小板聚集率变化差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);1年后2组患者心肌再梗死、心源性死亡和支架内血栓形成发生率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者PCI术后口服双倍剂量氯吡格雷能够降低术后主要心血管事件的发生。     

细胞色素P4502C19基因检测对稳定性心绞痛患者左主干介入术后抗血小板治疗的指导价值

目的 对复杂冠状动脉左主干病变且细胞色素P4502C19（CYP2C19）基因为中间代谢的稳定性心绞痛患者,评价其经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）术后给予不同抗血小板治疗方案的有效性及安全性。方法 回顾性分析2015年2月~2017年2月福建医科大学附属协和医院心内科收治的行择期左主干PCI术且CYP2C19基因型检测为中间代谢型的稳定性心绞痛患者247例,根据服用药物分为氯吡格雷组152例（阿司匹林+氯吡格雷组）,替格瑞洛组95例（阿司匹林+替格瑞洛）。2组术前均给予阿司匹林+氯吡格雷各300 mg口服;替格瑞洛组术后给予替格瑞洛维持剂量90 mg口服,2次/d;氯吡格雷组术后给予氯吡格雷维持剂量75 mg口服,1次/d;2组术后阿司匹林维持剂量100 mg口服,1次/d。观察术后12个月内主要不良心血管事件（MACE）发生情况。结果 术后12个月时,替格瑞洛组MACE发生率明显低于氯吡格雷组,差异有统计学意义（2.1% vs 15.1%,P=0.001）;2组非血运重建性靶血管再狭窄、再发非心肌梗死性心绞痛、再发心肌梗死、靶血管再次血运重建比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。两组出血发生率无明显差异（P>0.05）。结论 对于复杂冠状动脉左主干病变且CYP2C19基因为中间代谢的稳定性心绞 痛患者,PCI术后使用阿司匹林联合替格瑞洛抗血小板治疗获益明显,较阿司匹林联合氯吡格雷能进一步降低MACE发生率,并不增加出血风险。     

心肌梗死患者经皮冠状动脉介入术术后双抗血小板治疗变替格瑞洛单抗治疗的可行性分析

目的分析心肌梗死患者经皮冠状动脉介入术(PCI)后双抗血小板治疗变替格瑞洛单抗治疗的可行性。方法 2013年6月至2015年6月共收集90例心肌梗死患者为研究对象,依据随机数字表格法将患者分为两组各45例,均行PCI治疗,术后均给予阿司匹林+替格瑞洛双联抗血小板治疗,对照组双抗用药1年,观察组双抗6个月后开始慢慢减少阿司匹林应用,3个月后完全变替格瑞洛单抗治疗,共用药1年,比较2组治疗前后凝血指标、血小板聚集率、不良心血管事件及出血事件。结果与治疗前比较,2组治疗1年PT、aPTT明显延长,血小板聚集率明显下降,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);2组不良心血管事件及出血事件比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论心肌梗死患者PCI术后阿司匹林+替格瑞洛双联抗血小板治疗6个月变替格瑞洛单抗用药至1年相比双联1年在抑制血小板聚集方面作用类似,但变替格瑞洛单抗治疗能有效减少出血发生,且不显著增加不良心血管事件。     

替格瑞洛和氯吡格雷在老年冠心病患者抗血小板治疗中有效性及安全性的Meta分析

目的：探讨替格瑞洛和氯吡格雷在老年冠心病患者抗血小板治疗中的疗效及安全性,阐明更合理的抗血小板治疗策略。方法：应用计算机检索Cochrane试验资料库、Ovid-Medline全文数据库、EMBase数据库、PubMed数据库、中国学术文献总库（CNKI）、万方数字化期刊库、维普数据库（VIP）及中国生物医学文献数据库（CBM）,收集分为替格瑞洛组和氯吡格雷组治疗老年冠心病的随机对照试验（RCT）,2组患者分别给予替格瑞洛联合其他药物及氯吡格雷联合其他药物治疗,应用RevMan5.3统计软件进行Meta分析,观察抗血小板治疗有效性相关不良事件[即主要心血管不良事件（MACE）、心肌梗死（MI）、支架内血栓、全因死亡及卒中]和安全性相关不良事件（出血事件）的发生情况。结果：按照纳入和排除标准,共纳入15篇符合入选标准的RCT。Meta分析,与氯吡格雷组比较,替格瑞洛组MACE发生率（RR=0.59,95% CI：0.46~0.76,Z=4.08,P<0.01）、MI发生率（RR=0.48,95% CI：0.28~0.81,Z=2.74,P=0.006）、支架内血栓发生率（RR=0.16,95% CI：0.06~0.48,Z=3.30,P=0.001）和全因死亡发生率（RR=0.52,95% CI：0.30~0.89,Z=2.41,P=0.02）均明显降低,卒中发生率（RR=0.76,95% CI：0.39~1.47,Z=0.81,P=0.42）差异无统计学意义,出血发生率（RR=1.57,95% CI：1.20~2.05,Z=3.28,P=0.001）明显增加。结论：对于老年冠心病患者,替格瑞洛抗血小板治疗的有效性优于氯吡格雷,但可增加出血发生率。     

曲美他嗪对急诊冠状动脉介入术后造影剂肾病的保护作用

目的：探讨曲美他嗪在预防急性心肌梗死患者行急诊冠状动脉介入（PCI）术后造影剂肾病（CIN ）的作用。方法将2009-2011年住院行急诊PC I术治疗的急性心肌梗死患者100例随机分为曲美他嗪组和对照组,分别测定并比较二组患者造影后24、72h的血清尿素氮（BUN）、血清肌酐（Scr）、内生肌酐清除率（Ccr ）以及造影剂肾病的发生率。结果曲美他嗪组与对照组基础状态包括年龄、性别、糖尿病史、高血压病史、吸烟史、体重指数、左室射血分数（LVEF）及用药情况等基线资料间差异无统计学意义（P＞0．05）。与对照组术前Scr相比,对照组术后72h Scr水平明显升高,差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）,曲美他嗪组术后72h Scr明显低于对照组术后72h Scr ,差异有统计学意义（ P＜0．05）。结论应用曲美他嗪可能对患者急诊PCI术后CIN的发生具有一定的预防保护作用。     

替格瑞洛对非ST段抬高急性冠脉综合征患者预后及血小板聚集率的影响

目的：探讨替格瑞洛对非ST段抬高急性冠脉综合征(NSTE-ACS)患者预后及血小板聚集率的影响。方法选择2013年6月至2014年12月在东莞市常平医院心内科住院的NSTE-ACS患者170例,将其按照随机数表法随机分为氯吡格雷组(85例,氯吡格雷+阿司匹林)和替格瑞洛组(85例,替格瑞洛+阿司匹林),连续治疗24周。在治疗前及治疗后1周用比浊法测定两组患者的血小板聚集率。随访24周,观察两组患者的心血管事件发生率及出血事件发生率。结果治疗1周后,氯吡格雷组与替格瑞洛组患者的血小板聚集率分别为(54.8±5.2)%与(47.6±4.9)%,两组患者的血小板聚集率与治疗前[(60.4±5.8)%、(62.1±6.5)%]比较显著降低(P<0.05),且替普瑞洛组的血小板聚集率下降幅度明显大于氯吡格雷组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05;随访24周期间,氯吡格雷组与替格瑞洛组心血管事件发生率分别为27.1%(23/85)与12.9%(11/85),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。氯吡格雷出血事件发生率为3.53%(3/85),替格瑞洛组为5.88%(5/85),两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论替格瑞洛可以明显降低血小板聚集率,具有比氯吡格雷更强的抗血小板聚集作用,能够降低NSTE-ACS患者心血管事件发生率,且出血并发症无明显增加。