Impact of angina prior to acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction on short-term outcomes after primary percutaneous coronary intervention: results from the Shanghai Registry of Acute Coronary Syndrome (SRACE)

Background  The clinical significance of ischemic chest pain before acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) remains an interesting issue of investigation particularly in the era of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). This study aimed to assess the impact of angina prior to STEMI on short-term clinical outcomes in patients with acute STEMI undergoing primary PCI.

Methods  Among a total of 875 consecutive patients with STEMI undergoing primary PCI, 292 had episodes of angina within 24 hours of STEMI (PA group) and the remaining 583 were free of anginal symptoms (non-PA group). Clinical characteristics, angiographic and procedural features, and in-hospital and 30-day outcomes were compared between the two groups.

Results  Diabetes was less common (17.5% vs. 23.3%, P=0.04) and symptom-to-door time was shortened ((191.6±96.8) minutes vs. (357.2±341.9) minutes, P <0.001) in the PA group than in the non-PA group. Patients with angina prior to STEMI had fewer totally or nearly totally occluded infarct-related artery (TIMI flow grade 0–1) at initial angiography (75.0% vs. 90.7%, P <0.001), and achieved more TIMI flow grade 3 after primary PCI (84.2% vs. 78.2%, P=0.04). These were associated with higher rates of overall procedural success (95.9% vs. 91.8%, P=0.02) and of complete ST-segment resolution at 90 minutes after the procedure (51.7% vs. 40.3%, P=0.001). During a 30-day clinical follow-up, the left ventricular ejection fraction was significantly improved ((53.0±8.6)% vs. (51.1±9.7)%, P=0.002) and the primary endpoint of major adverse cardiac events was reduced in the PA group (7.2% vs. 12.7%, P=0.01).

Conclusion  Presence of angina prior to acute STEMI is associated with better outcome at a 30-day clinical follow-up in patients undergoing primary PCI.

     

Coronary intervention in patients ≥75 years old with ST-elevation myocardial infarction: in-hospital and 6-month clinical outcomes

Background ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction （STEMI） in elderly patients presents specific clinical characteristics.The study on percutaneous coronary intervention （PCI） in elderly patients （≥75 years） with STEMI,however, has less been performed.Methods In the present study, 522 consecutive STEMI patients undergoing PCI within 12 hours from symptom onset were investigated, and clinical characteristics and in-hospital and 6-month outcomes of 66 elderly patients （≥75 years,group A） were compared to those of 456 younger patients （〈75 years, group B）.Results Compared to younger patients, elderly ones had more females （42.4% vs.17.8%, P 〈0.005）, a history of cerebral vascular events （7.6% vs.0.9%, P 〈0.05）, higher serum creatinine level （（96.48±31.65） mmol/L vs.（84.87±19.81）mmol/L, P〈0.005） and fewer smokers （28.8% vs.45.4%, P〈0.05）.The elderly ones had worse Killip class （Killip I class：69.7% vs.85.7%, P 〈0.05）, less drug-eluting stent implantation and lower rates of TIMI flow 3 following PCI （33.3% vs.47.1%, and 84.8% vs.94.7%, P 〈0.05 respectively）.Additionally, both in-hospital mortality and myocardial infarction rate were found to be higher in elderly patients （16.7% vs.1.5%, and 7.6% vs.2.6%, P 〈0.05 respectively）, which were also observed until 6-month follow-up （9.1% vs.0, and 6.1% vs.0, P 〈0.05 respectively=.In multivariable Cox regression analysis, serum creatinine level, history of hypertension, left anterior descending coronary artery as infarct-related artery and Killip class were independent predictors of 6-month overall death in elderly patients.Conclusions The clinical characteristics of elderly patients with STEMI after PCI are different from those of younger patients.Although PCI in this population is with a low rate of PCI failure, it is still associated with a worse outcome.     

急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死合并急性肾损伤的危险因素及其对预后的影响

目的：探讨急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)患者并发急性肾损伤(AKI)的危险因素及其对预后影响。方法选择我院2009年7月至2014年6月急性STEMI住院患者302例,根据是否发生AKI将患者分成AKI组和非AKI组。分析AKI发生的相关危险因素,观察住院期间主要不良心血管事件(充血性心力衰竭、恶性心律失常、心源性休克)发生率及死亡率。随访观察出院后1年全因死亡率。结果 STEMI患者并发AKI 75例,发病率为24.83%。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,左心室射血分数(LVEF)降低(OR=0.013,95%CI：0.000~0.327)、KillipⅣ级(OR=20.050,95%CI：6.520~61.654)、利尿剂(OR=3.102,95%CI：1.250~7.697)是AKI发生的独立危险因素;与非AKI组患者比较,AKI组患者住院期间主要不良心血管事件发生率及住院死亡率(5.28%vs 13.33%)显著升高,两组间比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者随访1年的生存曲线结果显示,AKI组患者全因死亡率明显高于非AKI组,两组间比较差异有统计学意义(P=0.003)。结论 LVEF降低、KillipⅣ级及利尿剂应用是STEMI患者并发AKI的独立危险因素;STEMI患者并发AKI增加住院不良心血管事件发生率及死亡率,降低患者1年生存率。     

Long-term outcome of native artery versus bypass graft intervention in prior coronary artery bypass graft patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction

Background Patients with prior coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) have a poor outcome after acute myocardial infarction (AMI).Little is known about the treatment strategy and outcome of percutaneous c...     

严重左心室扩张患者行经皮冠状动脉介入治疗和冠状动脉旁路移植术的对比研究

目的 对比严重左心室扩张(LVD)患者行经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)和冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)的近期和远期临床结果.方法 选择2003年7月至2005年9月在我院接受PCI或CABG治疗的严重LVD患者251例,分析不同血运重建方式对住院和随访期间不良心脑血管事件(MACCE)的影响.结果 严重LVD患者接受PCI治疗101例,CABG治疗150例,其中PCI组的住院MACCE发生率低于CABG组[3.0％ (3/101)比10.7％ (16/150),P=0.024],住院病死率分别为2.0％、8.7％(P=0.028).PCI组和CABG组分别随访(516±182)d和(515±231)d(P=0.967),分别有99例(98.0％)和136例(90.7％)完成随访.两组随访MACCE发生率PCI组、CABG组分别为18.2％ (18/99)、9.6％ (13/136)差异无统计学意义(P=0.054),PCI组再次血运重建率(14.1％、14/99)比CABG组高(0.7％、1/136,P＜0.01),两组随访死亡[4例(4.0％)比12例(8.8％),P=0.151]、心肌梗死[2例(2.0％)比1例(0.7％),P=0.781]和脑卒中[2例(2.0％)比0例(0.0％),P =0.176]的发生率相当.结论 严重LVD患者接受PCI安全可行,其住院病死率较低,远期预后与CABG相当,但再次血运重建率较高.     

Coronary stenting versus bypass surgery in heart failure patients with preserved ejection fraction

Background  The optimal revascularization strategy in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFPEF) remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in patients with HFPEF.

Methods  From July 2003 through September 2005, a total of 920 patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and HFPEF (ejection fraction ≥50%) underwent PCI (n=350) or CABG (n=570). We compared the groups with respect to the primary outcome of mortality, and the secondary outcomes of main adverse cardiac and cerebral vascular events (MACCE), including death, myocardial infarction, stroke and repeat revascularization, at a median follow-up of 543 days.

Results  In-hospital mortality was significantly lower in the PCI group than in the CABG group (0.3% vs. 2.5%, adjusted P=0.016). During follow-up, there was no significant difference in the two groups with regard to mortality rates (2.3% vs. 3.5%, adjusted P=0.423). Patients receiving PCI had higher MACCE rates as compared with patients receiving CABG (13.4% vs. 4.0%, adjusted P <0.001), mainly due to higher rate of repeat revascularization (adjusted P <0.001). Independent predictors of mortality were age, New York Heart Association (NYHA) class and chronic total occlusion.

Conclusion  Among patients with CAD and HFPEF, PCI was shown to be as good as CABG with respect to the mortality rate, although there was a higher rate of repeat revascularization in patients undergoing PCI.

     

急诊PCI术前肾小球滤过率对急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死病人预后的影响

目的:探讨急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PCI）肾小球滤过率（eGFR）对急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死（STEMI）病人预后的影响。方法:接受急诊PCI术前治疗的STEMI病人134例,根据术前eEFG水平分为低eGFR组（<60 mL·min-1·1.73 m-2）14例和高eGFR组（≥60 mL·min-1·1.73 m-2）120例,比较2组心肌缺血再灌注损伤相关指标和住院期间及术后1年内主要心血管事件（MACE）发生率。结果:低eGFR组病人入院时年龄、既往卒中发生率、Killip分级≥Ⅲ级病人比例和hs-CRP、BNP水平及Gensini评分均高于高eGFR组（P<0.05~P<0.01）。术后低eGFR组术后LVEF明显低于高eGFR组（P<0.01）。与高eGFR组相比,低eGFR组住院期间死亡、再梗和急性心衰发生率均明显较高（P<0.01）;而2组PCI术后1年内的MACE发生率差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,Killip分级≥Ⅲ级、eGFR水平<60 mL·min-1·1.73 m-2是STEMI病人院内死亡的独立危险因素（P<0.05）。结论:低eGFR的STEMI病人院内MACE发生率高,其亦是STEMI病人院内死亡的独立危险因素,入院后应积极检测eGFR水平,根据肾功能情况调整用药,积极改善肾功能。     

Predictive value of postprocedural leukocyte count on myocardial perfusion, left ventricular function and clinical outcomes in ST-elevated myocardial infarction after percutaneous coronary intervention

Background  Baseline white blood cell (WBC) count was correlated with ischemic events occurrence in patients with ST-elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI). However, circulating WBC count is altered after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between postprocedural WBC count and clinical outcomes in STEMI patients who underwent PCI.

Methods  A total of 242 consecutive acute STEMI patients who underwent successful primary PCI were enrolled and followed up for two years. WBC counts were measured within 12 hours after PCI. ST-segment resolution (ST-R) and myocardial blush grades (MBG) were evaluated immediately after PCI. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was obtained at baseline and 12–18 months after PCI.

Results  Postprocedural WBC count was an independent inverse predictor of ST-R (OR 0.80, P <0.0001) and MBG 3 (OR 0.82, P <0.0001). It was negatively correlated with LVEF (baseline r=–0.22, P=0.001; 12–18 months r=–0.29, P <0.0001). The best cutoff value of WBC for predicting death was determined to be 13.0×10⁹/L. The patients with a postprocedural WBC count above 13.0×10⁹/L showed a significantly lower cumulative survival rate (30 days, 82.4% vs. 99.0%, P <0.0001 and 2 years 75.0% vs. 96.4%, P <0.0001). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that a postprocedural WBC count was a strong independent predictor of 30-day mortality (HR 8.48, P=0.019) and 2-year mortality (HR 4.93, P=0.009).
Conclusions  Increased postprocedural WBC count is correlated with myocardial malperfusion and left ventricular dysfunction, and is an independent predictor of poor clinical outcomes in STEMI patients who underwent PCI.

     

Impact of admission creatinine level on clinical outcomes of patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention with drug-eluting stent implantation

Background Prognosis of patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction （STEMI） and renal dysfunction （RD） who received primary percutaneous coronary intervention （PCI） has not been fully investigated in the drug-eluting stent （DES） era. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of admission serum creatinine level on short-term outcomes in patients with acute STEMI undergoing DES-based primary PCI.
Methods Primary PCI with DES implantation was attempted in 619 consecutive STEMI patients within 12 hours of symptom onset. Among them, 86 patients had a serum creatinine level ≥115 μmol/L on admission （RD group）, and the remaining 533 patients had normal renal function （non-RD group）. The primary endpoint was 30-day major adverse cardiac events （MACE, including death, non-fatal reinfarction, and target vessel revascularization）, and the secondary endpoint was subacute stent thrombosis.
Results Patients in the RD group were older than those in the non-RD group. There are more female patients in the RD group and they had a history of hypertension, myocardial infarction and revascularization. The occurrence rates of Killip class ≥2 （29.1% vs 18.6%, P=0.02） and multi-vessel （62.8% vs 44.5%, P=0.001） and triple vessel disease （32.6% vs 18.2%, P=0.002）, in-hospital mortality （9.3% vs 3.8%, P=0.03）, and MACE rate during hospitalization （17.4% vs 7.7%, P=-0.006） were higher in the RD group than those in the non-RD group. At a 30-day clinical follow-up, the MACE-free survival rate was significantly reduced in the RD group （76.7% vs 89.9%, P=-0.0003）. Angiographic stent thrombosis occurred in 3 （3.5%） and 7 （1.3%） of patients in the RD group and non-RD group, respectively （P=0.15）. Multivariate analysis revealed that the serum creatinine level 〉115 μmol/L on admission was an independent predictor for MACE rate at a 30-day follow-up （Hazard ratio （HR） 3.31,95% CI 1.19-9.18, P 〈0.001）.
Conclusion Despite similar prevalence of stent thromb     

Outcomes of primary percutaneous coronary intervention for acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction in patients aged over 75 years

Background The optimal reperfusion strategy in elderly patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction （STEMI） remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety, in-hospital and one-year clinical outcomes for patients 〉75 years of age with STEMI receiving primary percutaneous coronary intervention （PCI）, compared with those treated by conservative approach. Methods One hundred and two patients 〉75 years of age with STEMI presented 〈12 hours were randomly allocated to primary PCI （n=50） or conservative therapy only （n=52）. The baseline characteristics, in-hospital outcome and major adverse cardiac events （MACE）, including death, non-fatal myocardial infarction and target vessel revascularization at one-year clinical follow-up were compared between the two groups. Results Age, gender distribution, risk factors for coronary artery disease, infarct site and clinical functional status were similar between the two groups, but the patients in primary PCI group received less low-molecular- weight heparin during hospitalization. Compared with conservative group, the patients in primary PCI group had significantly lower occurrence rate of re-infarction and death and shortened hospital stay. The composite endpoint for in-hospital survivals at 30-day follow-up was similar between the two groups, but one-year MACE rate was significantly lower in the primary PCI group （21.3% and 45.2%, P=0.029）. Left ventricular ejection fraction was not significantly changed in both groups during follow-up. Multivariate analysis revealed that primary PCI （OR=0.34, 95% CI： 0.21-0.69, P =0.03） improved MACE-free survival rate for STEMI patients aged 〉 75 years. Conclusion Our results indicated that primary PCI was safe and effective in reducing in-hospital mortality and one-year MACE rate for elderly patients with STEMI.     

SYNTAX积分与急性心肌梗死急诊介入治疗后心血管事件的关系

Objective:To investigate the predictive effect of SYNTAX score for in-hospital and one-year prognosis outcome in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods:A total of 312 patients with STEMI undergoing primary PCI were divided into three groups based on SYNTAX scores which were calculated by angiography results. Group A (n＝170) was defined as baseline SYNTAX score (bSSC) ＜22, group B bSSC＝22-32 (n＝90), group C bSSC＞32 (n＝52).Results:(1) Group B and group C had a higher proportion of patients with diabetes, a higher CK-MB, UA, fasting glucose compared with group A (P＜0.05). (2) The proportions of patients with severe adverse cardiovascular events in-hospital in three groups were 6.6% (n＝11), 31.1% (n＝28), 36.5% (n＝19) respectively (P＜0.05). (3) For patients whose follow-up periods were between (14.2±0.8) months, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed log-rank （P＜0.001 ) was found among major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), all-cause death, non-fatal MI, unplanned revascularization for ischemia, rehospitalization due to heart failure. (4) By multivariable analysis, bSSC and rSSC were found to be significant independent predictor for all ischemic outcomes at year 1, including MACE (HR＝1.059, 95% CI: 1.035-1.083, P＜0.001; HR＝1.056, 95% CI: 1.033-1.081, P＜0.001). Conclusion:The SYNTAX score is an independent predictor for in-hospital as well as long-term mortality and MACE in patients with acute STEMI undergoing primary PCI.     

SYNTAX积分与急性心肌梗死急诊介入治疗后心血管事件的关系

目的:探讨SYNTAX积分对急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)患者急诊介入治疗术后院内及1年预后的预测作用。方法:连续纳入因急性STEMI行急诊经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)的患者共312例,根据冠状动脉造影结果计算SYNTAX积分后分为3组,A组170例为基线SYNTAX积分(b SSC)<22分;B组90例,b SSC=22~32分;C组52例,b SSC>32分。结果:(1)B组、C组与A组比较,合并糖尿病患者的比例较高,肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)、尿酸(UA)及空腹血糖水平较高,差异有统计学意义,P<0.05。(2)A、B、C 3组患者院内严重不良心血管事件发生的比例分别是6.6%(n=11)、31.1%(n=28)、36.5%(n=19),差异有统计学意义,P<0.05。(3)入选患者平均随访(14.2±0.8)月,Kaplan-Meier生存分析显示,3组主要不良心血管事件(MACE)、全因死亡、非致死性心肌梗死、非计划再次PCI、因心力衰竭发作入院治疗的累积事件发生率有显著差异,log-rank P<0.001。(4)多因素Cox回归分析显示,b SSC(HR=1.059,95%CI:1.035~1.083,P<0.001)、剩余SYNTAX积分(r SSC)(HR=1.056,95%CI:1.033~1.081,P<0.001)是STEMI患者急诊PCI术后MACE的独立预测因子。结论:院内及随访结果显示b SSC是STEMI患者急诊PCI术后MACE的独立预测因子。     

左心室收缩功能对无保护左主干经皮介入治疗结果的影响

目的 评价左心室收缩功能对无保护左主干(ULM)经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)预后的影响。方法 2006年9月至2009年8月在北京安贞医院因ULM接受PCI的患者入选本研究,收集患者的临床资料和随访结果。根据患者的左心室射血分数(LVEF)分为LVEF≥40％组和LVEF＜40％组,比较两组间的基线资料和随访资料。应用多因素回归分析法观察LVEF＜ 40％对ULM介入治疗结果的预测价值。结果 总计入选符合条件的患者186例,其中LVEF≥40％组130例和LVEF＜40％组56例。LVEF ＜40％组糖尿病、既往心肌梗死病史、既往PCI、冠状动脉搭桥术(CABG)病史、入院诊断为非ST段抬高心肌梗死(NSTEMI)比率明显高于LVEF≥40％组(P＜0.05)。LVEF＜ 40％组主要心脑血管不良事件(MACCE)发生率明显高于LVEF≥40％组(33. 9％比18.5％,P=0. 022),LVEF ＜40％组心源性病死率、全因死亡率、MI发生率也明显高于LVEF≥40％组（分别为7.1％比1.5％,P =0. 047;10.7％比3.1％,P=0.034;14. 3％比4.6％,P=0. 022）。女性、糖尿病、既往PCI、CABG、入院为NSTEMI/STEMI、LVEF ＜40％、合并多支血管病变、远端或分叉病变、多支架置入均为MACCE的独立预测因素。结论 左心室收缩功能明显下降是ULM介入治疗预后不良的最强预测因素。     

Comparison of tirofiban combined with dalteparin or unfractionated heparin in primary percutaneous coronary intervention of acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients

Background  Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is the best treatment of choice for acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). This study aimed to determine the clinical outcomes of tirofiban combined with the low molecular weight heparin (LMWH), dalteparin, in primary PCI patients with acute STEMI.

Methods  From February 2006 to July 2006, a total of 120 patients with STEMI treated with primary PCI were randomised to 2 groups: unfractionated heparin (UFH) with tirofiban (group I: 60 patients, (61.2±9.5) years), and dalteparin with tirofiban (group II: 60 patients, (60.5±10.1) years). Major adverse cardiac events (MACE) during hospitalization and at 4 years after PCI were examined. Bleeding complications during hospitalization were also examined.

Results  There were no significant differences in sex, mean age, risk factors, past history, inflammatory marker, or echocardiography between the 2 groups. In terms of the target vessel and vascular complexity, there were no significant differences between the 2 groups. During the first 7 days, emergent revascularization occurred only in 1 patient (1.7%) in group I. Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) occurred in 1 (1.7%) patient in group I and in 1 (1.7%) in group II. Three (5.0%) patients in group I and 1 (1.7%) in group II died. Total in-hospital MACE during the first 7 days was 4 (6.7%) in group I and 2 (3.3%) in group II. Bleeding complications were observed in 10 patients (16.7%) in group I and in 4 patients (6.7%) in group II, however, the difference was not statistically significant. No significant intracranial bleeding was observed in either group. Four years after PCI, death occurred in 5 (8.3%) patients in group I and in 4 (6.7%) in group II. MACE occurred in 12 (20.0%) patients in group I and in 10 (16.7%) patients in group II.

Conclusions  Dalteparin was effective and safe in primary PCI of STEMI patients and combined dalteparin with tirofiban was effective and safe without significant bleeding complications compared with UFH. Although there was no statistically significant difference, LMWH decreased the bleeding complications compared with UFH.

     

既往经皮冠状动脉介入治疗对冠状动脉旁路手术结局的影响

目的:分析既往行经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)在患者行冠状动脉旁路移植(CABG)时对手术结局的影响。方法:回顾性分析中国人民解放总医院2002年-2010年共117名有既往PCI史患者与既往无PCI史患者1 189例行首次CABG的资料,在住院病死率、主要心血管事件方面进行对比。结果:本组共1 306例患者,平均年龄(63±9.72)岁。既往1次PCI史患者99例,既往2次以上PCI史的患者18例。既往有PCI史的患者年龄较小,近期心肌梗死(心梗)较少,与CABG间隔(13.39±13.81)月;冠状动脉造影资料提示既往有PCI的患者左主干及3支病变较少。2组患者在术后心梗、再次开胸止血、术后中风、术后肾衰方面没有明显差别,主要心脏不良事件(Mace事件)两组之间无明显差别(2.6%vs 1.1%,P=0.167),术后住院死亡率2组亦无明显差别(1.7%vs 0.5%,P=0.156)。结论:既往PCI与患者行首次CABG的风险之间无明显相关性,既往PCI患者行CABG可以获得很好的结果。     

不同性别急性心肌梗死患者临床比较分析

目的：分析急性心肌梗死（AMI）男、女患者住院病死率的差异及其影响因素。方法：回顾性分析1034例AMI患者（男718例,女316例）的临床资料,对其临床特征、诊疗情况及住院病死率进行比较分析。结果：女性患者的发病年龄高于男性[（70．1±8．8）岁vs（62．3±12．1）岁,P〈0．001],高血压史、糖尿病史、心绞痛史阳性率均高于男性,Killip分级≥Ⅲ级患者比例高于男性（20．4％VS11．3％,P〈0．001）。所有女性AMI患者和女性ST段抬高型心肌梗死（STEMI）患者的住院病死率均显著高于男性（15．5％VS5．7％,P〈0．001;16．1％VS5．7％,P〈0．001）,住院期间接受β受体阻滞剂和单纯介入治疗的比例低（64．6％VS73．4％,P〈0．05;16．5％VS32．0％,P〈0．001）。对所有住院AMI患者住院病死率的影响因素进行多变量Logistic回归分析显示：女性、年龄I〉70岁、心绞痛史、吸烟史、Killip分级≥Ⅲ级是独立危险因素,急诊PCI是独立保护性因素（校正后OR=0．323;95％CI：0．123～0．852）。结论：女性AMI患者心功能差,接受β受体阻滞剂和单纯介入治疗的比例均低于男性,且所有女性AMI患者和女性STEMI患者的住院病死率均高于男性。     

胸痛救治快速反应体系对急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者救治预后的影响

目的 探讨胸痛救治快速反应体系对急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)患者救治近期和远期预后的影响.方法 参照中国胸痛中心的要求建立胸痛中心并建立胸痛救治快速反应体系和救治流程.选取广西壮族自治区人民医院2014年6月至2015年11月收治的STEMI患者为观察组,选取未建立胸痛救治快速反应体系之前2012年1-12月收治的STEMI患者为对照组,共入选患者624例,观察组374例,对照组250例.采用回顾性非同期队列研究方法,观察组入院后采取胸痛救治快速反应体系进行救治,对照组在胸痛中心成立前入院进行常规救治.观察两组患者的一般情况、入院后首份心电图完成时间、入门球囊扩张时间(D2B)、住院时间、平均住院费用、住院期间不良心脏事件(院内病死、心力衰竭)发生率;所有出院患者随访1年,分别比较左室射血分数(LVEF)、左室舒张末内径(LVEDD)、室壁瘤形成、B型钠尿肽前体(pro-BNP)、血肌酐(Scr)、C反应蛋白(CRP)及不良心脏事件(心力衰竭、死亡、再次入院)发生率等.结果 与对照组相比,观察组入院后首份心电图平均完成时间缩短(P=0.001),入门球囊扩张时间、住院时间、平均住院费用少于对照组(P＜0.05),住院期间不良心脏事件(院内病死、心力衰竭)观察组低于对照组(P＜0.05).随访6个月后,观察组LVEF显著高于对照组(P＜0.05),而观察组LVEDD、pro-BNP、CRP、不良心脏事件发生率均低于对照组(P＜0.05),室壁瘤形成率和Scr水平在观察组与对照组之间差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).随访1年后,观察组LVEF仍高于对照组(P＜0.05),观察组LVEDD、pro-BNP、CREA、CRP、室壁瘤形成率、不良心脏事件发生率均低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 胸痛救治快速反应体系建立不仅有效缩短了STEMI患者的救治时间,提高了治疗效率,缩短住院时间,减少住院费用,还能改善生活质量和疾病预后.     

PCI术前应用IABP辅助治疗对于急性心肌梗死患者临床疗效的系统评价

目的 评价行经皮冠脉介入治疗(PCI)之前应用主动脉球囊反搏(IABP)辅助治疗对于急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者的近远期临床疗效.方法 通过检索PubMed、The Cochrane library、Medline、Embase、CBM、中国知网期刊数据库(CNKI)、万方、维普等数据库,获取自2000年1月到2015年10月所有发表的有关急性心肌梗死患者在行PCI之前应用IABP辅助治疗的临床随机对照试验的相关文献,按照纳入和排除标准提取文献数据,采用Review Manager5.3软件进行荟萃分析,采用漏斗图检验发表偏倚.结果 共纳入7项研究,样本量1107例,行PCI之前应用IABP不能改善AMI患者30 d及6个月的全因死亡率(RR 0.74,95％ CI 0.40-1.36,P＞0.05;RR 0.77,95％ CI 0.40-1.48,P＞0.05);不能增加术后TIMI血流3级的人数(RR 1.03,95％ CI0.90-1.18,P＞0.05);但可减少30 d内的主要不良心血管事件(MACE)发生率,差异有显著性意义(RR 0.42,95％ CI 0.29-0.62,P＜0.05),出血事件发生率无显著增加(RR 2.11,95％ CI 0.95-4.70,P＞0.05).亚组分析结果显示:早期运用IABP不能有效降低AMI合并心源性休克患者的全因死亡率(RR 0.97,95％ CI 0.52-1.82,P＞0.05),但可以减少不合并心源性休克患者的全因死亡率(RR 0.40,95％CI 0.18-0.85,P＜0.05).结论 对于急性心肌梗死患者在行PCI术前应用IABP可以显著减少MACE事件的发生,但不能显著降低术后30d、6个月的死亡率.     

体外膜肺氧合联合急诊PCI抢救STEMI后心脏骤停死亡危险因素分析

目的 探讨体外膜肺氧合(extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, ECMO)联合急诊经冠状动脉介入(percutaneous coronary intervention, PCI)抢救急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死(ST-elevation myocardial infarction, STEMI)后心脏骤停死亡危险因素。方法 回顾性分析我院收治的85例ECMO联合急诊PCI抢救STEMI后心脏骤停患者的一般资料。随访28 d,根据患者临床结局将患者分为死亡组和存活组,收集2组患者的临床资料,以Logistic回归分析法分析ECMO联合急诊PCI抢救STEMI后心脏骤停患者死亡的危险因素。结果 85例ECMO联合急诊PCI抢救STEMI后心脏骤停患者随访28 d,共入院85例患者,其中存活组37例,死亡组48例,病死率56.47%。死亡组ECMO转机时间、冠状动脉病变SYNTAX积分比存活组低(P<0.05),死亡组重症监护室(ICU)住院时间、急性生理与慢性健康状况评估系统Ⅱ(chronic health assessment systemⅡ,APAC...     

Frequency of infarct-related artery with myocardial bridging in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction and its impact upon percutaneous coronary intervention

Background Myocardial bridging （MB） as a congenital condition with a reported frequency of 5%-12% in diagnostic coronary angiography may be an important factor causing myocardial ischemia. However, its frequency in the infarct-related artery （IRA） of patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction （STEMI） and the impact upon percutaneous coronary intervention （PCI） remain undetermined. In this study, we investigated MB frequency and its impact upon primary PCI in patients with STEMI. Methods The data of coronary angiography for 554 consecutive patients with STEMI who had undergone successful primary PCI were retrospectively analyzed to identify a frequency of MB in the IRA and its association with gender and age. According to the angiographic findings, the patients were divided into MB patients and non-MB patients. The endpoints of this study included immediate angiographic findings after primary PCI and 6-month major adverse cardiac events （MACE） （death, recurrent myocardial infarction, target lesion or vessel revascularization） between the MB patients and the non-MB patients. Results A frequency of MB in the IRA of 46 patients （8.3%） was identified in this series; it was more common in patients ≥65 years old （36/206） than in those 〈65 years old （10/348） （17.5% vs 2.9%, P〈0.001）. The trend of MB in the IRA was observed more frequently in women without significant difference than in men （10.2% vs 7.8%）. TIMI grade Ⅲ flow was achieved in 91.9% （509/554） of all patients following primary PCI, in 60.9% （28/46） of the MB patients and in 94.7% （481/508） of the non-MB patients respectively （P〈0.001）. The in-hospital mortality was 4.7% （26/554） in this series including 13.0% （6/46） of the MB patients and 3.9% （20/508） of the non-MB patients （P〈0.001）. A significant difference in 6 months MACE was seen between the MB patients （19%） and the non-MB patients （6.2%） （P〈0.001）. Conclusions MB in the IRA is relatively common in elderly patients with STEMI with a more evident trend in women, suggesting that arteriosclerosis and plaque rupture occurs more easily in the proximal artery to MB than in younger patients. Poor TIMI grade flow in patients with MB in the IRA after primary PCI may contribute to a high in-hospital mortality rate （13%） and 6-month MACE （19%） in the MB patients.