剑麻皂甙元的分离

目的:寻找分离剑麻皂甙元的最佳工艺。方法:研究用硅胶、大孔树脂Ⅰ作为吸附剂的柱色谱的分离效果。结果:用大孔树脂为吸附剂的色谱方法在分离的过程中仅需要简单的溶剂-Ⅱ,分离出的单一组分剑麻皂甙元占粗皂甙元的比率高达70%以上。结论:本分离工艺分离快速,成本低,操作简便,避免了采用传统方法中的有毒溶剂。     

加味酸枣仁汤不同剂型中菝葜皂甙元含量测定

目的测定加味酸枣仁汤两种不同剂型中菝葜皂甙元的含量。方法紫外分光光度法测定加味酸枣仁汤不同剂型菝葜皂甙元含量。结果加味酸枣仁汤煎剂中菝葜皂甙元含量为8.76mg/g,免煎剂中为61.273mg/g。平均回收率为101.48(%RSD=1.7%)。结论采用紫外分光光度法测定复方中菝葜皂甙元含量的方法有简便快捷、准确、重现性好等优点。实验结果表明该法测得加味酸枣仁汤免煎剂中菝葜皂甙元含量明显高于煎剂,说明免煎颗粒有效成分提取较完全。     

黑柴胡中皂甙成分的研究

自黑柴胡(Buplcurum smithii Wolff)根中分得9个三萜皂甙和1个三萜皂甙元。根据理化性质和波谱分析,其中5个皂甙和1个皂甙元分别鉴定为柴胡次皂甙A(Ⅱ,prosaikogenin A),柴胡次皂甙D(Ⅲ,prosaikogenin D),柴胡皂甙b_1(V,saikosaponin b_1),柴胡皂甙g(VI_a,saikosaponing),柴胡皂甙b_2(Ⅶ,saikosaponin b_2)和柴胡皂甙元A(I,saikogenin A),均为首次从该植物中分离得到,尚有4个新皂甙的结构鉴定将另文报道。     

川续断中三萜皂甙的研究Ⅱ

从川续断Dipsacus asperoides C.Y.Cheng et T.M.Ai根的乙醇提取物中分得六个三萜皂甙(Ⅰ～Ⅵ)。根据化学方法及光谱学方法,鉴定其结构分别为Ⅰ:3-O-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖-常春藤皂甙元;Ⅱ:Ⅰ的28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖酯甙;Ⅲ:常春藤皂甙元-28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖酯甙;Ⅳ:Ⅰ的28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖醇甙;V:3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖(1→3)-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1→2)-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖-常春藤皂甙元28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖酯甙;Ⅵ:3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1→3)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖(1→3)-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1→2)-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖-常春藤皂甙元28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖酯甙。Ⅱ和Ⅲ为新天然产物,Ⅰ为首次从该植物中分得。     

奶多散的鉴别研究

利用显微分析的方法，对奶多散进行了鉴定研究；并对本品山药中的薯蓣皂甙元进行了薄层色谱鉴别。方法简便，准确，为奶多散的质量控制提供了科学依据。     

加昧酸枣仁汤不同剂型中菝葜皂甙元含量测定

目的测定加味酸枣仁汤两种不同剂型中菝葜皂甙元的含量。方法紫外分光光度法测定加味酸枣仁汤不同剂型菝葜皂甙元含量。结果加味酸枣仁汤煎剂中菝葜皂甙元含量为8．76mg／g，免煎剂中为61．273mg／g。平均回收率为101．48％（RSD=1．7％）。结论采用紫外分光光度法测定复方中菝葜皂甙元含量的方法有简便快捷、准确、重现性好等优点。实验结果表明该法测得加味酸枣仁汤免煎剂中菝葜皂甙元含量明显高于煎剂,说明免煎颗粒有效成分提取较完全。     

国产闭鞘姜属植物中薯蓣皂甙元的含量测定

姜科闭鞘姜属(CostusL.)植物全世界约150种,分布于热带非洲、南美洲和东南亚等地。我国有3种:闭鞘姜Costusspeciosus(Koen.)Smith、莴笋花CostuslacerusGagnep.和光叶闭鞘姜CostustonkinensisGagnep.,分布于广东、广西和云南等地。1970年Dasgupta等[1]报道从产于印度的闭鞘姜根茎中分离纯化得到薯蓣皂甙元,得率为2.12%,此后,许多学者对该属植物的化学成分和药理作用等进行了研究。目前,作为合成甾体激素的原料药,薯蓣皂甙元日益紧缺,为了合理开发利用国产闭鞘姜属植物资源,我们对其进行了薯蓣皂甙元的含量测定。薯蓣皂甙元的含量测定方…     

川续断中三萜皂甙的研究Ⅰ

从川续断Dipsacus asperoides C.Y.Cheng et T.M.Ai根的乙醇提取物中分得两个三萜皂甙(Ⅶ和Ⅷ),根据光谱分析和化学反应,其结构分别鉴定为3-O-[β-D-吡喃木糖(1→4)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖(1→4)][α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1→3)]-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖(1→3)-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1→2)-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖-常春藤皂甙元(Ⅶ)及其28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖酯甙(Ⅷ),Ⅷ为一新三萜皂甙。     

RP—HPLC法测定穿龙薯蓣总皂甙中薯蓣皂甙元的含量

目的：建立反相高效液相色谱法8测定穿龙薯蓣总皂甙中薯皂甙元的含量：方法：采用uBOndapak C18柱,甲醇为流动相,流速1．0ml/min,996二极管阵列检测器（DAD）,检测波长为208nm,对穿龙薯蓣总皂甙中薯蓣皂甙元含量进行测定。结果：能将薯蓣皂甙元与其主要杂质分离开来,薯蓣皂甙元在1．90－9．51ug范围内峰面积与其浓度线性关系良好（r=0.9985),样品平均回收率为96．15％,精密度RSD为1．72％（n=5),结论：该法测定样品无需要衍生化,分离效果好,分析快速准确。     

HPLC法测定远志中去羟基远志皂苷元含量

目的建立远志药材的质量控制方法.方法采用HPLC法对远志中去羟基远志皂苷元进行含量测定,ODS Hypersil色谱柱(5 μm,125 mm×4 mm);流动相甲醇-0.05%磷酸溶液(7426);检测波长210 nm;结果去羟基远志皂苷元在0.585～11.7 μg范围内与峰面积呈良好的线性关系,r=0.999 99;平均回收率为99.21%(n＝5),精密度的RSD为0.25%(n=5).结论该方法简便、准确、重现性好,可作为远志药材及其复方制剂质量控制标准.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.