齐墩果酸微囊的制备及质量考察

[目的]制备齐墩果酸微囊并进行质量考察.[方法]采用单凝聚法制备齐墩果酸微囊,并用紫外分光光度法在210 nm波长下测定其药物含量和溶出度.[结果]齐墩果酸在4～120 μg/mL浓度范围呈线性关系(r=0.9999),样品中齐墩果酸含量为12.1%(RSD=0.852%),其平均回收率为99.72%(RSD=1.04%).另外齐墩果酸微囊在30 min时溶出度为(68.2±1.13)%,而普通硬胶囊剂的溶出度为(18.7±1.22)%(P＜0.01).[结论]齐墩果酸微囊制备方法简单,可显著提高齐墩果酸的体外溶出度.     

齐墩果酸聚合物胶束的制备及质量研究

[目的]制备齐墩果酸聚合物胶束,并对其质量进行评价。[方法]采用透析法制备齐墩果酸聚合物胶束,通过正交设计实验确定最优处方。对聚合物胶束形态和粒径和稳定性进行确定,建立高效液相方法对聚合物胶束进行含量、溶解度、溶出度的测定,研究聚合物胶束的增溶效果。[结果]按筛选出的最优处方制备的胶束粒径为(64.24±2.64)nm,PDI为0.093±0.02,包封率为(87.06±1.45)%,载药量为(10.22±0.9)%。溶解度为0.689 04 g/L,60 min时溶出度为80.6%。[结论]通过正交实验筛选处方制备出了粒径分布均匀,包封率和载药量较高,溶解度和溶出度显著提高并且稳定性良好的胶束。     

齐墩果酸-纳米碳酸钙固体分散体的制备及评价研究

目的?制备齐墩果酸-纳米碳酸钙固体分散体,以期提高齐墩果酸的溶出度。方法?以纳米级碳酸钙为载体,采用溶剂法制备齐墩果酸固体分散体,采用扫描电镜分析(SEM)、差示量热扫描分析(DSC)和X-射线衍射分析对固体分散体进行物相表征,并对其体外溶出行为进行考察。结果?分析显示齐墩果酸在固体分散体中以无定形态存在,体外溶出结果表明,齐墩果酸-纳米碳酸钙（1∶2,w/w）60?min的累积溶出度达到83.30%,显著高于齐墩果酸原料药。结论?将纳米碳酸钙作为齐墩果酸固体分散体的载体,能显著提高齐墩果酸的体外溶出度。      

大黄分散片的制备与质量控制

[目的]研究大黄分散片的制备及质量控制方法.[方法]采用薄层色谱法对大黄进行定性鉴别;采用高效液相色谱法测定大黄中大黄素的含量,Shim-pack VP-ODS色谱柱,流动相:甲醇:0.1％高氯酸(85∶15);检测波长:254nm,流速:1.0ml/min;采用桨法,以PH4.5的乙酸铵冰醋酸溶液为溶出介质进行大黄分散片体外溶出度考察.[结果]薄层色谱鉴别专属性强,阴性对照无干扰;HPLC结果显示,大黄索在0.04～0.4μg/mL范围内线性关系良好,加样回收率为98.25％,RSD=1.16％(n=5),3批样品溶出度在30min时均在80％以上.[结论]该制剂制备工艺可行,含量测定方法简便可靠.     

紫外光谱法测定齐墩果酸缓释滴丸药物含量及体外释放度

目的:建立紫外光谱法测定齐墩果酸缓释滴丸药物含量及体外释放度.方法:采用尤尼柯UV-2102PCS型紫外可见分光光度计,在207 nm波长处,测定齐墩果酸缓释滴丸的约物含量及体外释放度.结果:含量测定时,齐墩果酸在20～80μg/ml范围内,线性关系良好r=0.999 5(n=7),回收率在98%～102%之间,RSD<1%(n=3);释放度测定时,齐墩果酸在10～70μg/ml范围内,线性关系良好r=0.999 7(n=7),回收率在98%～102%之间,RSD≤1%(n=3).结论:该测定方法简便、快速,结果准确可靠、重现性好,可作为该制剂的质量控制方法.     

HPLC法测定荭草中齐墩果酸的含量

目的 建立荭草中齐墩果酸的定量分析方法.方法 采用高效液相色谱法定量齐墩果酸,色谱柱:KromasilC18反相柱(5μm× 250mm×4.6mm),流动相:乙腈-磷酸水溶液(75∶25),柱温为35℃,流速:1.0ml/min,检测波长:210nm.结果 HPLC法测定结果显示,色谱峰形好,分离度高.齐墩果酸在0.4～10μg(r＝1)呈良好的线性关系;供试品在48h内稳定(RSD＝1.01%);该方法精密度高(RSD＝1.10%),重复性良好(RSD＝0.88%),平均加样回收率为101.31%(RSD%=2.11%).结论 所建立的方法适合作为荭草的含量测定方法.     

HPLC法测定补肾调降丸中齐墩果酸的含量

目的：用HPLC法测齐墩果酸的含量。方法：以齐墩果酸对照品作对照,采用HPLC法测定补肾调降丸中的齐墩果酸含量。色谱柱：ODS HYPERSIL C18 5μm（4.6cm.I.D.&#215;200cm）;检测波长：215nm;流动相：甲醇-水（84：16）;柱温：25℃;进样量：10μl,采用外标法。结果：在优化色谱条件下,补肾调降丸中的齐墩果酸线性范围在1.0～40μg。回归方程为：Y=332.07338X＋69.863160,r=0.9997。含量测定的回收率为97.72%,RSD=0.89%。结论：所建立的方法专属性强,操作简便,结果准确,重现性好,适用于对补肾调降丸中的齐墩果酸含量的测定。     

花藤子颗粒的质量标准

目的:用HPLC法测定花藤子颗粒中大黄素和齐墩果酸的含量,作为制定花藤子颗粒质量标准的依据.方法:采用的色谱柱为ODSC18柱;流动相:大黄素为甲醇-0.01g/L磷酸水溶液(90∶10);齐墩果酸为甲醇-水(90∶10);检测波长:大黄素为290nm,齐墩果酸为215nm.结果:大黄素在0.1314～0.8760μg范围内线性关系良好,r=0.9997.平均回收率为99.56%,RSD=2.20%.齐墩果竣在1.17～7.80μg范围内线形关系良好,r=0.9998.平均回收率为100.38%,RSD=1.45%.结论:本法可用于花藤子颗粒的质量控制.     

太白楤木药材质量标准研究

目的 建立太白楤木药材中齐墩果酸的薄层色谱鉴别与含量测定方法.方法 采用TLC法对太白楤木进行薄层鉴别;采用HPLC对太白楤木中齐墩果酸进行含量测定.结果 该鉴别方法专属性强、重复性好,可作为该药材的薄层鉴别方法;含量测定的色谱条件为:色谱柱Kromosil ODS C18(5μm,4.6mm×250mm),甲醇-水(90: 10)为流动相,检测波长210nm,流速1.0ml/min,柱温为室温.齐墩果酸在44.8～224.0μg的范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9998),平均回收率为97.69%,RSD为1 23%.结论 所建方法简便快捷,结果可靠,能够为控制太白楤木药材的质量提供参考.     

蔷薇红景天滴丸的溶出度考察

目的:探讨蔷薇红景天滴丸的溶出度及红景天苷含量的测定方法,为制剂的质量控制提供依据。方法:用高效液相色谱法测定滴丸中红景天苷的含量,用小杯法考察该制剂溶出度。采用Chromarsil-C18ODS色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为15%甲醇,检测波长285 nm,流速0.8 ml/min,柱温35℃,进样量10μl,测定红景天苷的含量;采用RCZ-1A型药物溶出仪,溶出介质为200 ml蒸馏水,溶出方法为小杯法,转速为50 r/min,测定滴丸的溶出度。结果:红景天苷的最大波长为285 nm,线性范围为40.5~405μg/ml,平均回收率为100.37%,RSD为1.52%,溶出参数分别为Td=4.30,T50=3.03。结论:高效液相色谱法简便快速、准确、可靠,重现性好,专属性好,可作为红景天苷的含量测定和溶出度测定的有效方法。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.