CT阴性脑弥漫性轴索损伤的影像学诊断

目的探讨MPd对CT阴性的脑弥漫性轴索损伤（DAI）的影像学诊断价值。方法回顾性分析58例临床疑为脑弥漫性轴索损伤而CT表现为阴性患者的MR／表现。所有患者均在伤后2d内接受CT与MR检查。CT采用常规程序扫描,MRI采用自旋回波T1 WI、T2WI序列、液体衰减反转恢复序列（FLAIR）及弥散加权成像（DWI）。结果CT仅见弥漫性脑肿胀,未见明确病灶;MRI可见弥漫性脑肿胀,脑干、胼胝体及脑白质小灶性损伤。58例患者中,MRI各序列共检出216个病灶。MRI对脑弥漫性轴索损伤病灶的敏感性明显优于CT。结论MRI为CT阴性的DAI临床诊断提供了直接可靠的影像学依据。     

GRE-T2＊WI联合DWI在急性弥漫性轴索损伤中的诊断价值

目的：探讨磁共振梯度回波T2成像（ GRE-T2＊WI）联合扩散加权成像（ DWI）在急性弥漫性轴索损伤（ DAI）中的诊断价值。方法：回顾性分析38例急性弥漫性轴索损伤（ DAI）患者的头颅MRI检查,比较MRI各序列间的检测灵敏度,并将检出的病灶数与患者入院格拉斯哥昏迷评分（ GCS）行相关性分析。结果：T1WI共检出DAI病灶49个,T2WI检出78个、FLAIR检出139个,GRE-T2＊WI检出142个,DWI检出212个,GRE-T2＊WI联合DWI检出245个。 DWI对非出血性DAI病灶的检出率最高,与其它序列的差异有统计学意义（p＜0．05）。 GRE-T2＊WI对出血性DAI病灶的检出率最高,与其它序列检出率相比有统计学差异（ p＜0．05）。联合GRE-T2＊WI及DWI两种技术对DAI病灶的检出率均显著高于单独应用DWI （p＜0．05）或GRE-T2＊WI （p＜0．05）。联合GRE-T2＊WI及DWI两种技术检出的病灶数目与患者入院GCS呈高度负相关（r＝-0．796, P＜0．01）。结论：GRE-T2＊WI和DWI序列联合应用大大提高DAI病灶的检出率,为临床早期诊断提供更加可靠地影像学依据,应作为MRI检查DAI的常规序列。     

弥漫性轴索损伤的影像学及SWI诊断价值比较

目的:研究弥漫性轴索损伤的影像学诊断及磁共振磁敏感加权成像(SWI)对脑弥漫性轴索损伤的诊断价值.方法:收集临床诊断弥漫性轴索损伤患者18例,均在伤后10天内行16排CT及1.5TMR常规序列(T1WI T2WI FLAIR )及SWI序列扫描.结果:18例患者CT发现6个病灶;MR常规序列共发现149个病灶,其中T1WI发现26个,T2WI发现55个,FLAIR发现68个;SWI发现366个,DAI出血灶SWI上形态多样,SWI发现病灶数量明显多于常规MRI.结论:SWI对脑内微出血灶检出明显优于常规MRI及CT.     

磁共振成像在脑弥漫性轴索损伤中的诊断价值

目的探讨MRI技术在诊断脑弥漫性轴索损伤（DAI）中的价值。方法收集我院近期26例经临床及影像学诊断为DAI病例，对比分析MRI多序列成像检查对DAI病灶显示敏感序列及信号特征、分布特点。结果MRI显示脑弥漫性轴索损伤以液体衰减反转恢复序列（FLAIR）及弥散加权像（DWI）对DAI影像诊断具有敏感性，病灶显示率高于常规T1WI，极易发现病灶且均表现为高信号。结论高场强MRI常规多方位扫描加DWI为DAI的临床诊断、治疗提供可靠的影像学依据。     

弥漫性颅脑轴索损伤的MRI诊断分析

目的 探讨磁共振成像(MRI)在弥漫性颅脑轴索损伤(DAI)中的诊断价值.方法 回顾性分析2018年3月至2019年8月本院收治的35例弥漫性颅脑轴索损伤患者的临床资料,所有患者均接受CT及MRI检查.比较两组病灶检出情况,并分析两种检查方式的影像学结果.结果 MRI检查对于DAI患者的病灶检出率高于CT检查,且MRI检查的出血病灶检出率及脑深部区域病灶检出率均高于CT检查,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);颅脑损伤24 h,CT检查下未见明显异常,密度变化不明显,而在MRI检查下可见胼胝体后部及侧脑室、双侧顶叶周围白质点片状等,存在明显多发散在轴索损伤.结论 磁共振成像对弥漫性颅脑轴索损伤的诊断价值较高,可有效检出病灶类型及准确位置,且与CT检查相比,更有利于检出微小病灶,为患者早期的诊治提供可靠的依据,值得临床推广应用.     

脑弥漫性轴索损伤的CT、MRI诊断25例

目的探讨CT、MRI对脑弥漫性轴索损伤的诊断价值。方法收集经临床证实资料完整的脑弥漫性轴索损伤患者25例,分析其CT、MRI表现。结果脑弥漫性轴索损伤临床表现、CT及常规MRI检查均无特征性,本组25例CT共检出病灶37处,19例MRI共检出病灶97处,且DWI序列全部显示清楚。结论常规CT及MRI对DAI病灶的检测有一定的局限性,但DWI序列是评价弥漫性轴索损伤最敏感的MRI序列。     

脑弥漫性轴索损伤的MRI诊断

目的分析脑弥漫性轴索损伤（DAI）的MRI征象。方法搜集46例临床和MRI影像资料完整的DAI病例进行回顾性分析。结果MRI发现出血性病灶者39例：大脑半球皮髓质交界区15例、胼胝体13例、基底核区5例、脑干3例、小脑3例;单发5例,多发34例。非出血性病灶7例：胼胝体5例、脑干2例。合并弥漫性脑肿胀36例,蛛网膜下腔出血17例,脑室出血6例：硬膜下血肿6例,硬膜外血肿5例及颅骨骨折18例。结论MRI是诊断DAI最有效的检查方法,为早期诊断、治疗及评价预后提供了重要价值。     

常规MRI、CT检查在脑弥漫性轴索损伤诊断中的价值比较

目的探讨常规MRI、CT检查对脑弥漫性轴索损伤的诊断价值。方法搜集经临床证实36例DAI病例的常规MRI、CT检查资料,结合病理文献进行回顾性分析。结果 CT诊断20例,MRI诊断31例。CT、MRI对DAI诊断的阳性率分别为55%（20/36）、86%（31/36）,二者相比有统计学差异（P〈0.05）。CT检查共发现病灶36个,MR检查（T1WI、T2WI、FLAIR序列）发现病灶分别为97个、115个、147个,CT与MR各序列发现病灶数有统计学差异（P〈0.01）。结论常规MRI、CT检查是弥漫性轴索损伤的基本检查方式。常规MRI检查对DAI的诊断价值优于CT检查。     

磁共振多种序列在脑弥漫性轴索损伤诊断中的应用价值

目的探讨磁共振多种序列在脑弥漫性轴索损伤诊断中的应用价值。方法回顾性分析12例脑弥漫性轴索损伤患者的MRI影像资料,所有患者均行TIWI、T2WI、FLAIR、扰相GRE—T2^＊WI及DWI序列扫描。比较各种序列对脑内病灶的显示率,分析其信号特征。结果扰相GRE—T2^＊WI和DWI序列的病灶检出数明显高于其它序列,病灶表现为脑内皮髓质交界区、深部脑白质、基底节区、胼胝体、脑干、小脑等区域散在的、大小不等的点状、串珠状、斑片状、条索状异常信号影。部分病例合并硬膜下血肿、脑室和蛛网膜下腔出血。结论扰相GRE—T2^＊WI及DWI序列对DAI病灶的检出率明显高于T2WI、T1WI和FLAIR序列,这几种序列结合起来可为脑弥漫性轴索损伤的早期诊断、早期治疗提供科学、客观的影像学资料。     

MR磁敏感加权成像在弥漫性轴索损伤诊断中的应用价值

目的:探讨磁敏感加权成像技术(SWI)在脑弥漫性轴索损伤(DAI)中的应用价值。方法:16例DAI患者行CT及1.5TMR检查,扫描方法为T1WI、T2WI、FLAIR及SWI序列扫描,比较不同序列对DAI脑内病灶的显示率并分析其信号特征,评价SWI在检查和诊断中的作用。结果:16例患者脑内各部位DAI病灶检出数依次为:CT发现5个病灶,MRI常规扫描共发现196个病灶,其中T1WI检出19个,T2WI检出43个,FLAIR检出62个,DWI检出72个,SWI序列共检出329个病灶。SWI序列发现病灶数量明显多于常规MR(IP<0.05)。结论:SWI对DAI脑内病灶的检出明显优于常规MRI,对DAI的诊断和预后判断有很高的价值。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.     

TCM Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis by Tonifying the Kidney and Strengthening the Governor Vessel

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic and progressive disorder with inflammation mainly involving the central axis joints. It mainly affects the cervical spine and the lumbosacral area, with the pathogenesis closely related to the kidney and the Governor Vessel (GV). TCM holds that the syndrome is deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality, which is due to insufficiency of the kidney, deficiency of GV, and blocking of the channels with the invasion of exogenous evil, leading to poor circulation of qi and blood and malnutrition of the bones, muscles and joints. The TCM method of tonifying the kidney and strengthening GV to regulate circulation of qi and blood and check the arthralgia pain should be adopted, with the Kidney-Tonifying and GV Strengthening Decoction (益肾强督汤) prescribed.     

IMPROVING P-gp EXPRESSION IN HUMAN MONONUCLEAR CELLS IN VITRO TRANSFECTED BY MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE-1 mRNA

CHEMOTHERAPY playsa greatrolein the treat- ment of malignanttumors,especiallyingynecolo- gicalones.But inanticancerchemotherapy,leuko-cytopeniaisfrequentlytheprimarydose-limitingsideeffect factor.Moreover,cancersarefrequentlychemoresistantbe-causeof overexpressionof P-glycoprotein(P-gp), which isencodedby multidrugresistancegene (MDR1 ) and detectableinup to50% ofhuman cancersand renderscellsresistancetoanticancerdrugs.The safetyand potentialtherapeuticbenefitof mdr1 gene transferredto h…