鹿茸多糖提取工艺研究

目的：研究鹿茸多糖提取最佳工艺。方法：采用石油醚脱脂,水提醇沉法提取粗多糖,Sevage法除蛋白,双氧水脱色。正交试验法分别考察了提取温度、提取时间和料液比对鹿茸多糖得率的影响。采用苯酚硫酸法测定总多糖含量。结果：最佳的提取工艺条件为提取时间4 h,提取温度80℃,料液比1：30。结论：在最佳工艺条件下的鹿茸多糖得率为13.7%。     

山楂、猴头菇功能饮料中总多糖提取工艺研究

目的 优化山楂、猴头菇功能饮料中总多糖的提取工艺.方法 采用苯酚-硫酸显色法测定多糖的含量.以提取物中多糖的含量为评价指标,通过单因素实验初步确定最佳的提取温度、料液比例、提取时间.然后采用响应面实验设计进行提取工艺的优化.结果 最佳提取工艺:提取温度为70℃,料液比为1∶ 25,提取时间为66 min.结论 本方法工艺简单、快速、重复性好,可作为山楂、猴头菇功能饮料中总多糖的提取应用.     

响应面法优化黄芪总多糖超声提取工艺

目的:以黄芪总多糖提取率为指标,通过响应面设计法确定黄芪总多糖最佳超声提取工艺。方法:通过单因素和响应面设计相结合的方法,以料液比、超声温度、功率、提取时间为考察因素,优化黄芪总多糖提取工艺。结果:黄芪总多糖最佳超声提取工艺条件为:液料比12∶1,超声温度65℃,功率300 W,提取时间13 min,此条件下总多糖的平均得率为22.35%,理论预测的总多糖得率为22.46%,两者相差较小。因此,响应面优化所得的黄芪总多糖提取工艺具有可行性。结论:超声法提取黄芪总多糖稳定可靠,节能省时,可用于工业化大生产。     

甘松水溶性粗多糖提取工艺的研究

目的:确定甘松水溶性粗多糖的最佳提取工艺。方法:以多糖含量为指标,在单因素实验的基础上,进一步采用正交实验法考察了提取时间、提取温度、料液比、提取次数对提取效果的影响。结果:影响多糖得率的因素依次为提取时间、提取次数、提取温度、料液比;优化的工艺条件为:料液比1∶12、提取2次,提取温度90℃,提取时间2h,在此条件下,甘松粗多糖的得率为2.83%。结论:本文首次报导了甘松水溶性粗多糖的水提醇沉工艺;为甘松多糖的水提工艺提供了实验依据。     

聚合草粗多糖提取工艺研究

目的用水提醇沉法对聚合草粗多糖的提取工艺进行研究。方法分析料液比、提取温度和加热时间对聚合草多糖提取率的影响,以正交试验确定聚合草粗多糖提取的最佳工艺条件。结果聚合草粗多糖提取的最佳工艺参数是料液比1∶8,提取温度90℃,加热时间为40 min,在此条件下的粗多糖的得率是2.31%。结论确定了聚合草中粗多糖提取的最佳工艺条件,为以后聚合草的开发利用和功能研究奠定了基础。     

超声-微波协同萃取薏苡仁多糖的工艺研究

目的 确立超声-微波协同萃取薏苡仁多糖的最佳提取工艺.方法 用正交试验法考察不同温度、料液比、提取时间下薏苡仁多糖的得率.结果 最佳工艺为提取温度80℃、液料比10:1、提取时间100min.结论 超声-微波协同萃取用于薏苡仁多糖的提取且有显著的优势.     

响应曲面法优化茶多糖提取工艺

目的应用响应曲面法确定茶多糖最佳提取工艺。方法以茶多糖提取率为考察指标,运用响应曲面法对影响提取率的因素即提取温度、提取时间、液料比进行优化。结果提取茶多糖的最优工艺条件为:提取温度90.0℃、提取时间88.2 min、液料比33.3,茶多糖的最高提取率为1.99%。结论该优化工艺稳定,回归方程与实际情况拟合较好。     

Optimization of extraction process of tea polysaccharides by response surface methodology

目的 应用响应曲面法确定茶多糖最佳提取工艺.方法 以茶多糖提取率为考察指标,运用响应曲面法对影响提取率的因素即提取温度、提取时间、液料比进行优化.结果 提取茶多糖的最优工艺条件为:提取温度90.0℃、提取时间88.2 min、液料比33.3,茶多糖的最高提取率为1.99％.结论 该优化工艺稳定,回归方程与实际情况拟合较好.     

唇香草多糖的提取工艺研究及其不同采收期含量变化

目的：确定唇香草多糖的最佳提取工艺,并测定唇香草多糖含量在不同采收期的动态变化。方法在对料液比、浸提温度以及浸提时间进行单因素考察的基础上,采用正交试验设计初步确定唇香草多糖的最佳提取工艺,并用最佳提取工艺对不同采收时期的唇香草进行多糖提取,采用可见分光光度法测定不同采收期的唇香草多糖含量的变化。结果唇香草多糖的最佳提取工艺是料液比为1∶40,浸提温度为100℃,浸提时间为4 h,其含量在幼苗期最高。结论唇香草多糖的提取工艺简便易行,可用于规模化生产;不同生长期唇香草多糖的变化可为唇香草深入研究提供基础数据。     

基于星点设计-效应面法优化红花多糖提取工艺研究

目的:运用星点设计-效应面法探讨红花多糖的最佳提取技术工艺,并对其进行质量评价.方法:以红花多糖的提取率为指标,以料液比、提取时间、提取温度、提取次数为考察因素,在单因素试验的基础上,采用星点设计-效应面法优选出红花多糖的最佳提取工艺并验证.结果:以红花多糖提取率为因变量Y,料液比、提取时间和提取温度为自变量X,P<0...     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.