中国南海总合草苔虫抗癌活性成分研究:一个新的大环内酯的分离鉴定

目的：研究中国南海总合草苔虫中的抗癌活性成分。方法：通过分级萃取和多种硅胶柱层析(Sephadex LH-20凝胶过滤、ODS反相层析和HPLC)追踪分离抗癌活性成分;利用电喷雾离子质谱(ESI-MS)和高分辨(600MHz)核磁共振二维谱技术鉴定化合物的结构。结果：分离得到一个新的具有显著抗肿瘤活性的大环内酯bryostatin 19(1)。同时还首次自中国海域的该种苔虫中分离鉴定了5个bryostatins类大环内酯抗癌活性化合物：bryostatin 4,5,6,10,18。Bryostatin 19显示很强的体外抗癌活性,对U937细胞的ED50值为3．2nmol／L。结论：我国南海总合草苔虫资源丰富,并且含有新结构的抗癌活性草苔电内酯．本研究结果为今后的新药研制与开发提供了参考。     

总合草苔虫中抗癌活性成分的提取和含量测定

目的:建立总合草苔虫原料样品的预处理方法,用RP-HPLC法测定其中抗癌活性成分草苔虫内酯含量.方法:采用3种不同方法提取原料中草苔虫内酯,初提液经过硅胶柱和反相ODS柱纯化,然后用RP-HPLC法测定.结果:二氯甲烷-甲醇(1∶1)超声提取液中草苔虫内酯含量较高;HPLC可以同时测定原料中的草苔虫内酯4、5、10和18,峰形和分离度良好.结论:该方法可以方便地测定原料中的活性成分含量,为原料的质量控制奠定了基础.     

中国南海海绵Jaspis stellifera中异臭椿型萜类成分研究

目的:对采自中国南海海域海绵Jaspis stellifera中异臭椿型萜类成分进行分离鉴定.方法:采用硅胶柱色谱、凝胶柱色谱和HPLC制备色谱和重结晶方法分离纯化得到单体化合物,采用有机波谱方法鉴定化合物结构.结果:从Jaspis stellifera氯仿层萃取物中分离得到5个化合物,分别鉴定为22,23-dihydrostellettin B(1)、isogeoditin A(2)、stellettin A(3)、stellettin B (4)、jaspolide B(5).结论:化合物1和2为首次从该属海绵中分离得到的异臭椿型萜类成分.     

中国南海海绵Ircinia sp.中化学成分的研究

目的:对采自广西涠洲岛海域海绵Ircinia sp.进行化学研究以获得结构新颖的新化合物。方法:运用高速逆流色谱、凝胶渗透色谱、硅胶柱色谱和半制备型高效液相色谱等多种技术分离纯化,再通过氢谱、碳谱和质谱等谱学解析方法鉴定出单体成分的结构。结果:从海绵Ircinia sp.中分离鉴定出5个化合物,分别命名为cholest-7-en-6R-methoxy-3S,5R-diol(1),cholest-7-en-3S,5R,6R-triol(2),cholest-7,22-dien-6R-methoxy-3S,5R-diol(3),鲨肝醇(4)和邻苯二甲酸正丁酯(5)。结论:化合物1～3为首次从该属海绵中分离得到。     

新的抗肿瘤活性物质bryostatin国外研究概况

bryostatin 1是从海洋苔藓虫Bugula neritina Linnaeus(总合草苔虫,又称多室草苔虫)中分离提取的一种具有抗肿瘤活性的大环内酯类化合物.1982年美国亚里桑那州立大学Pettit研究小组用活性跟踪的方法,首次分离得到并用质谱、X射线衍射等方法确定了它的结构[1].体外试验表明,bryostatin 1对P388淋巴细胞白血病细胞具有一定的活性(ED50为0.89 μg/ml),体内试验以10～70 mg/kg剂量给药,延长寿命率达52%～92%.经美国国立癌症研究院(NCI)生物鉴定,bryostatin 1现已进入Ⅱ期临床试验,是极有希望的新型抗癌症药物.笔者主要对bryostatin 1的生物活性和临床试验的国外进展加以概述.     

具有抗肿瘤活性的胡萝卜脂溶性成分研究

目的:对胡萝卜脂溶性部位的化学成分进行研究,以期从中分离出具有抗肿瘤活性的单体化合物.方法:胡萝卜提取采用溶剂萃取、薄层色谱、柱色谱、高效液相色谱等化学方法,结构鉴定采用测定理化常数、1H-NMR13C-NMR、紫外等方法.结果:从胡萝卜的脂溶性部位分离得到3个化合物:β-谷甾醇、Laserlne、Epilas-erine,其中Epilaserine对白血病细胞HL-60有显著的抑制活性,Laserine、Epilaserine系从胡萝卜中提取得到.结论:胡萝卜中的Laserine、Epilaserine具有抗肿瘤活性.     

朝药草芍药的抗肿瘤活性成分研究

[目的]研究朝药草芍药的抗肿瘤活性成分.[方法]采用多种色谱法进行分离纯化,利用核磁共振波谱法(1 H-NMR和13 C-NMR)对单体化合物进行结构鉴定.检测所得化合物对人肺小细胞肺癌(NCI-H460)、胃癌(MKN-28)及肺腺癌(A-549)细胞的抑制率.[结果]利用1 H-NMR和13C-NMR最终确定了草芍药二氯甲烷层的4个化合物结构,分别为木犀草素(1)、阿魏酸(2)、2-(3,4)-Dihydroxy phenyl ethyl acetate(3)和松柏醛(4).化合物1~4的IC50值范围在33.57~91.20μmol/L.[结果]化合物2~4首次从该植物中分离得到;化合物1~4表现出适度的抗肿瘤活性.     

板蓝根化学成分研究(Ⅰ)

目的 从板蓝根中提取分离活性成分。方法 通过溶剂法提取得到水溶性部位，色谱法分离得到单体化合物，并利用其理化常数和波谱法鉴定及解析单体成分的化学结构。结果 从板蓝根的正丁醇部位分离到3个水溶性成分。结论 解析和鉴定其结构分别为：β-正丁基-D-塔格糖苷(β-n-butyl-D-tagatopyranoside，Ⅰ)、水杨酸(salicylic acid，Ⅱ)、苯甲酸(benzoicacid，Ⅲ)。其中化合物Ⅰ为新化合物。     

MTT法指导分离壁虎抗肿瘤活性成分的实验研究

目的 采用四氮唑盐（MTT）法指导壁虎抗肿瘤活性成分的分离,寻找壁虎抗肿瘤活性单体化合物,并初步观察其抗肿瘤作用.方法 常规培养人肝癌Bel-7402细胞、人肺癌Bel-95C细胞,在倒置显微镜下观察细胞形态及数量,采用MTT法检测多批次壁虎活性成分提取物对体外培养的肿瘤细胞株的生长抑制作用,计算肿瘤抑制率.结果 经过11批次重复药筛实验,逐步分梯次指导分离纯化,得到壁虎抗肿瘤活性单体化合物＂守宫咪唑衍生物＂.该化合物可明显抑制人肝癌Bel-7402细胞的生长,用药后前3d的抑瘤率分别为71.24%,91.37%,94.45%,在显微镜下发现肿瘤细胞变圆、体积变小.结论 用MTT法结合倒置显微镜观察细胞状态,指导中药壁虎抗肿瘤活性成分的提取分离,得到抗肿瘤作用明显的壁虎单体化合物.     

太平洋侧花海葵中的化学成分(Ⅰ)

目的:研究太平洋侧花海葵的活性成分.方法:采用稻瘟霉模型生物活性追踪方法,应用多种色谱技术分离太平洋侧花海葵中的化学成分,通过理化性质和波谱数据鉴定其结构.结果:分离并鉴定了5个化合物:Δ4,5(E),Δ8,9(E)-鞘氨醇-正十六碳酰胺(Ⅰ)、胆甾醇(Ⅱ)、胸腺嘧啶(Ⅲ)、尿嘧啶(Ⅳ)和胸腺嘧啶脱氧核苷(Ⅴ),其中化合物Ⅰ对稻瘟霉的最小菌丝变形浓度为63 μg/L.结论:5个化合物均为首次从该种海葵中获得,化合物Ⅰ具有诱导稻瘟霉菌丝变形活性.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.     

TCM Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis by Tonifying the Kidney and Strengthening the Governor Vessel

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic and progressive disorder with inflammation mainly involving the central axis joints. It mainly affects the cervical spine and the lumbosacral area, with the pathogenesis closely related to the kidney and the Governor Vessel (GV). TCM holds that the syndrome is deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality, which is due to insufficiency of the kidney, deficiency of GV, and blocking of the channels with the invasion of exogenous evil, leading to poor circulation of qi and blood and malnutrition of the bones, muscles and joints. The TCM method of tonifying the kidney and strengthening GV to regulate circulation of qi and blood and check the arthralgia pain should be adopted, with the Kidney-Tonifying and GV Strengthening Decoction (益肾强督汤) prescribed.     

IMPROVING P-gp EXPRESSION IN HUMAN MONONUCLEAR CELLS IN VITRO TRANSFECTED BY MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE-1 mRNA

CHEMOTHERAPY playsa greatrolein the treat- ment of malignanttumors,especiallyingynecolo- gicalones.But inanticancerchemotherapy,leuko-cytopeniaisfrequentlytheprimarydose-limitingsideeffect factor.Moreover,cancersarefrequentlychemoresistantbe-causeof overexpressionof P-glycoprotein(P-gp), which isencodedby multidrugresistancegene (MDR1 ) and detectableinup to50% ofhuman cancersand renderscellsresistancetoanticancerdrugs.The safetyand potentialtherapeuticbenefitof mdr1 gene transferredto h…