格列吡嗪片在健康人体内的药物动力学及相对生物利用度

目的 :研究格列吡嗪片在健康人体的药物动力学及相对生物利用度。方法 :9名健康受试者单剂量随机交叉口服格列吡嗪片参比制剂和被试制剂 5mg ,采用HPLC法测定用药后不同时间的血药浓度。 结果 :2种制剂的体内过程均符合一房室开放模型 ,Tmax分别为 (3 .67± 0 .50 )h和 (3 .33± 0 .50 )h。Cmax分别为 (391± 37) μg·L- 1和 (40 0± 35) μg·L- 1 ,AUC分别为 (2 .46± 0 .39) μg·h·L- 1 和 (2 .2 3± 0 .88) μg·h·L- 1 ,被试制剂的相对生物利用度为 (1 0 2 .9± 1 5 .7) %。结论 :用NDST软件对两种制剂的AUC、Cmax、Tmax进行双单侧t检验 ,证明两种制剂具有生物等效性。     

尼莫地平在健康人体内的药动学和相对生物利用度

目的 :研究尼莫地平在健康人体内的药动学和相对生物利用度。方法 :8名健康受试者单剂量随机交叉口服尼莫地平标准参比制剂和待测制剂 1 2 0mg,采用HPLC法测定用药后不同时间的血药浓度。结果 :2种制剂的体内过程均符合一房室开放模型 ,AUC分别为 (1 4 3.1± 9.9) μg·h·L-1 和 (1 37.0± 7.3) μg·h·L-1 ,Cmax分别为 (83.1±7.4 ) μg·L-1 和 (80 .8± 4 .6 ) μg·L-1 ,Tmax分别为 (1 .0 0± 0 .0 0 )h和 (1 .0 6± 0 .1 7)h。待测制剂的相对生物利用度为 (96 .0± 5 .9) %。经双向单侧t检验证明 ,2种制剂的AUC、Cmax相比 ,差异均无统计学意义。结论 :2种制剂具有生物等效性。     

格列吡嗪片健康人体生物等效性研究

目的　研究格列吡嗪片在健康人体内的生物等效性。方法　 9名健康受试者单剂量随机交叉口服格列吡嗪片参比制剂和被试制剂 5mg,采用HPLC法测定用药后不同时间的血药浓度。结果　二制剂健康人体的体内过程均符合一房室开放模型 ,Tmax分别为 (3 0± 0 )h和 (3 0± 0 )h ,Cmax分别为 (30 5± 2 2 ) μg·L-1和 (2 99± 13) μg·L-1;T1/2 分别 (3 2 4± 0 37)h和 (3 2 2± 0 4 0 )h ;AUC分别为 (14 90± 70 ) μg·h·L-1和 (14 90± 70 ) μg·h·L-1。被试制剂的相对生物利用度为 (10 0 4± 7 8) %。结论　方差分析和单双侧t检验证明 ,两种制剂具有生物等效性     

盐酸氟桂利嗪片在健康人体中的相对生物利用度

目的：研究盐酸氟桂利嗪片在健康人体中的药物动力学及相对生物利用度。方法：以哈尔滨北方制药厂生产的盐酸氟桂利嗪片为参比制剂,河南省濮阳市第二制药厂研制的盐酸氟桂利嗪片为受试制剂。采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定8名志愿者单剂量交叉口服50 mg盐酸氟桂利嗪片后不同时刻的血药浓度。结果：2制剂的血药浓度-时间曲线均符合一房室开放模型。其AUC分别为(1 686±216)μg·h·L-1和(1 755±151)μg·L-1;Cmax分别为(172±14)μg·L-1和(165±15)μg·L-1;Tmax分别为(3.27±O.19)h和(3.32±0.22)h。受试制剂的相对生物利用度为(103.7±7.7)％。结论：2制剂具有生物等效性。     

肾移植术后FK506血药谷浓度的临床观察

目的 :建立FK5 0 6理想治疗窗谷浓度范围 ,初步了解影响FK5 0 6谷浓度的因素以及FK5 0 6谷浓度与急性排斥反应和肾中毒的关系 .方法 :78例同种尸肾移植受者应用FK5 0 6 +骁悉 (MMF) +强的松 (Pred)三联免疫抑制治疗 ,采用竞争性酶联免疫吸附法 (ELISA)测定服药 12h后FK5 0 6的全血浓度 (即谷浓度 ) ,对术后不同时期的FK5 0 6血药浓度进行分析 .结果 :FK5 0 6的全血谷浓度 ,正常组术后 1mo内(13.1± 2 .6 ) μg·L-1,2mo (10 .9± 2 .4 ) μg·L-1,3mo (10 .6± 1.9) μg·L-1,4 / 6mo (8.2± 1.2 ) μg·L-1,7mo以后 (6 .6± 1.1) μg·L-1.抗痨组术后 3mo内FK5 0 6谷浓度显著低于正常组 ,肝功损害组术后各时期的FK5 0 6谷浓度显著高于正常组 .急性排斥反应 1例 ,FK5 0 6谷浓度为 3.2 μg·L-1.急性肾中毒 6例 ,平均谷浓度为 18.7μg·L-1.结论 :FK5 0 6理想的全血谷浓度治疗窗范围为 :术后 1mo内 10～ 15 μg·L-1,术后 2～ 3mo 9～ 12 μg·L-1,4～ 6mo 7～ 10 μg·L-1,7mo以后5～ 8μg·L-1.肝损害可显著提高FK5 0 6血药浓度 ,利福平显著降低FK5 0 6血药浓度 .FK5 0 6低浓度易致急性排斥反应 ,高浓度可致急性肾中毒     

Graves病患者治疗前后细胞因子的变化

目的　测定 Graves病 (GD)患者血清肿瘤坏死因子(TNF- α)、白细胞介素 1(IL- 1)、白细胞介素 2 (IL- 2 )、白细胞介素 6 (IL - 6 )的水平及在抗甲状腺药物治疗过程中的变化 .方法　 32例 GD患者在确诊时、治疗约 6周和 6月时用放射免疫法测定血清 TNF- α,IL- 1,IL- 2 ,IL- 6 ,TSH,TT3,TT4的水平 . 2 5例年龄与性别相匹配的健康志愿者作为正常对照 .结果　 1与正常对照组相比 ,TNF- α在缓解前明显降低 (1.0 1± 0 .18)μg· L- 1 (P<0 .0 0 1) ,缓解中开始升高(1.2 7± 0 .19)μg· L- 1 ,缓解后继续升高 (1.42± 0 .17)μg·L- 1 ,但仍低于正常对照组 (1.6 9± 0 .15 ) μg· L- 1 ;IL- 1,IL-6在缓解前明显升高 (0 .39± 0 .0 9)μg· L- 1 ,(1.79± 0 .2 1)μg· L- 1 (P<0 .0 1) ,缓解中即降低 (0 .2 8± 0 .0 7) μg· L- 1 ,(1.5 1± 0 .19) μg· L- 1 ,缓解后 (0 . 2 1± 0 . 0 7) μg· L- 1 ,(1.40± 0 .2 1)μg· L- 1 与正常对照组 (0 .2 0± 0 .0 6 )μg· L- 1 ,(1.41± 0 .16 )μg· L- 1 无显著差异 ;IL - 2在缓解前明显降低(4 .2± 1.2 ) μg· L- 1 (P<0 .0 1) ,缓解中即升高 (5 .0± 1.7)μg· L - 1 ,缓解后 (6 .1± 2 .7) μg· L- 1与正常对照组 (6 .3± 2 .3)μg· L- 1无显著     

盐酸曲马多片剂人体相对生物利用度

目的:研究盐酸曲马多片剂在人体内的相对生物利用度。方法:采用HPLC法测定 18名男性健康受试者单剂量交叉口服 100mg2种盐酸曲马多片剂后不同时间血浆中的药物浓度。结果: 2制剂药 时曲线均符合一房室模型,Cmax分别为(410. 0±71. 1)μg·L-1和 (427. 0±57. 1)μg·L-1,Tmax分别为 (2. 20±0. 49)h和 (2. 20±0. 55)h;T1 /2ke分别为(7. 13±0. 83 )h和 ( 7. 08±0. 74 )h;AUCt0 分别为 ( 4 376±855 )μg·h·L-1和 ( 4 514±1 068)μg·h·L-1,AUC∞0 分别为(5 184±1 112)μg·h·L-1和(5 241±1 330)μg·h·L-1。与参比制剂相比,被试制剂的Ft0 为(98. 94±16. 04)%,F∞0 为(1 101. 90±21. 92)%。结论: 2种制剂具有生物等效性。     

地尔硫Zhuo控制阵发性心房颤动时快速心室反应的疗效评价

目的观察静脉应用地尔硫(艹卓)控制阵发性心房颤动时快速心室反应的效果.方法将59例阵发性心房颤动伴快速心室率者随机分为地尔硫(艹卓)治疗组30例和毛花甙丙组29例,观察用药后的心室率和血压变化.结果地尔硫(艹卓)组用药后心室率从141次±18次/min,降至82次±10次/min,毛花甙丙组用药后心室率从142次±15次/min,降至88次±11次/min,两组最大效应时间前者为7.0min±2.5 min,后者为105min±29min,P＜0.01,地尔硫(艹卓)组有效率为93.3%,毛花苷丙组为72.4%,P＜0.05.地尔硫(艹卓)组有2例出现一过性无症状性低血压,无需处理.结论静脉应用地尔硫(艹卓)能快速、有效和安全地控制阵发性心房颤动时快速心室反应.     

地尔硫(艹卓)与毛花苷丙控制心房颤动快速心室率的对比观察

目的 观察和比较静脉注射地尔硫(艹卓)、毛花苷丙控制快速心房颤动心室率的即时疗效及安全性.方法 快速房颤患者53例,采用随机方式分两组,分别静脉注射地尔硫(艹卓)、毛花苷丙.结果 地尔硫(艹卓)、毛花苷丙组控制房颤或房扑的快速心室率总有效率分别为93%、69%,心室率平均下降幅度分别为37%、25%,平均起效时间分别为7.4±5.2分钟、31.8±20.8分钟.地尔硫(艹卓)组出现可耐受性低血压2例,发生窦性停搏1例,均自行缓解,无心力衰竭加重表现.结论 静脉注射地尔硫(艹卓)能迅速、安全、有效控制房颤、房扑的快速心室率.     

地尔硫治疗肺源性心脏病并发心房颤动11例

目的 :观察地尔硫 艹卓 治疗肺源性心脏病 (肺心病 )并发心房颤动 (房颤 )的疗效与安全性。方法 :选择 11例慢性肺心病并发持续快速房颤的患者 ,口服地尔硫 艹卓30～ 6 0mg ,每天 3次 ,10天 1疗程 ,治疗 1个疗程 ,观察心率、症状及心电图等改变。结果 :治疗前后的心室率分别为 12 4.5± 8.8次 /分和 91.4± 14.4次 /分 ,心室率下降达 - 33 .2± 12 .5次 /分 (P <0 .0 1) ;有效率为 81.8% ,9例患者的哮喘及心功能都有一定程度改善。 7例伴有ST T改变的心电图有不同程度的恢复 ,其中 2例ST段基本恢复正常。结论 :地尔硫 艹卓 治疗肺心病并发房颤较为有效。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.     

TCM Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis by Tonifying the Kidney and Strengthening the Governor Vessel

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic and progressive disorder with inflammation mainly involving the central axis joints. It mainly affects the cervical spine and the lumbosacral area, with the pathogenesis closely related to the kidney and the Governor Vessel (GV). TCM holds that the syndrome is deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality, which is due to insufficiency of the kidney, deficiency of GV, and blocking of the channels with the invasion of exogenous evil, leading to poor circulation of qi and blood and malnutrition of the bones, muscles and joints. The TCM method of tonifying the kidney and strengthening GV to regulate circulation of qi and blood and check the arthralgia pain should be adopted, with the Kidney-Tonifying and GV Strengthening Decoction (益肾强督汤) prescribed.     

IMPROVING P-gp EXPRESSION IN HUMAN MONONUCLEAR CELLS IN VITRO TRANSFECTED BY MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE-1 mRNA

CHEMOTHERAPY playsa greatrolein the treat- ment of malignanttumors,especiallyingynecolo- gicalones.But inanticancerchemotherapy,leuko-cytopeniaisfrequentlytheprimarydose-limitingsideeffect factor.Moreover,cancersarefrequentlychemoresistantbe-causeof overexpressionof P-glycoprotein(P-gp), which isencodedby multidrugresistancegene (MDR1 ) and detectableinup to50% ofhuman cancersand renderscellsresistancetoanticancerdrugs.The safetyand potentialtherapeuticbenefitof mdr1 gene transferredto h…