Study on the occupational stress of oil workers on offshore drilling platforms

目的:初步探讨海上石油钻井平台作业工人职业紧张的现况.方法:应用职业紧张量表对某油田的107名研究对象测定职业紧张水平.结果:个人工作环境得分研究组显著高于技术工人常模组(P＜0.01);心理紧张反应得分研究组显著高于技术工人常模组(P＜0.01);自我保健及休养得分研究组显著高于技术工人常模组(P＜0.05);个体紧张反应及各子项与职业紧张任务成显著正相关关系(P＜0.05);与个人应对资源成显著负相关关系(P＜0.05).结论:海上石油钻井平台作业工人的职业紧张因素主要来源于自然环境;该人群心理紧张反应突出;应对资源以自我保健和休养为主;职业紧张源增 强紧张反应,应对资源降低紧张反应.     

老年性痴呆患者认知功能与单胺类神经递质的关系

目的:探讨老年性痴呆(SD)患者认知功能与单胺类神经递质的关系.方法:对50例SD患者和48例正常人(对照组)分别进行事件相关电位(ERP)、探究性眼动分析(EEM)和血浆单胺类神经递质(去甲肾上腺素、多巴胺和5-羟色胺)水平的测定.结果:SD组ERP异常率为96%(48/50).与对照组比较,SD组ERP中N2、P3潜伏期延长,P3波幅降低(t分别为3.453、4.972和6.544,P均＜0.001);EEM测定巾的凝视点(NEF)及反应探索评分(RSS)值减少,D值增加(t分别为8.072、6.724和7.953,P均＜0.001);血浆去甲肾上腺素、多巴胺和5-羟色胺水平降低(t分别为4.587、3.971和3.534,P均＜0.001).相关分析显示SD组P3潜伏期、D值与去甲肾上腺素、多巴胺和5-羟色胺血浆水平呈负相关(r=-0.46～-0.33,P均＜0.05),而P3波幅、NEF、RSS与其呈正相关(r=0.32～0.48,P均＜0.05).结论:SD患者认知障碍和血浆单胺类神经递质水平下降间存在相关性.     

三甲医院医务人员职业紧张反应现状及影响因素研究

目的:探讨三甲医院医务人员职业紧张反应现状及其影响因素。方法:随机整群抽取南充市三甲医院医务人员,采用职业紧张量表评价其职业紧张水平。结果:研究组个体紧张反应及各子项得分均显著高于卫生技术人员常模(P<0.01);个体紧张反应及各子项与职业任务及各子项间呈明显的正相关关系(P<0.05),与个体应对资源及各子项呈明显的负相关关系(P<0.05);多元线性回归分析发现,三甲医院医务人员紧张反应的主要影响因素有任务冲突、任务不适、理性处事、工作环境和自我保健(P<0.05)。结论:三甲医院医务人员职业紧张反应水平较高,控制或消除工作中的紧张因素及增强个体应对资源是减少职业紧张危害的根本措施。     

亚健康失眠人群脑内神经递质水平分析

目的探讨亚健康失眠人群的脑内神经递质活动变化情况及其与失眠程度间的关系。方法应用脑电超慢涨落图(EFG)分析仪与匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)量表,检测亚健康失眠人群的EFG表现和PSQI总分值。结果46例亚健康失眠者PSQI总分均≥7分,其中以总分7~16分为主(占82.6%)。EFG检测γ-氨基丁酸(GA-BA)、谷氨酸(Glu)、5-羟色胺(5-HT)、乙酰胆碱(Ach)、去甲肾上腺素(NE)及多巴胺(DA)的水平都低于参考值,与参考值比较差别均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。反映失眠程度的PSQI总分值与神经递质中的GABA、Glu水平间均具有线性相关性,其中与GABA的相关系数r=-0.967,P<0.01;与Glu的相关系数r=-0.639,P<0.05。结论亚健康失眠者脑内主要神经递质均明显降低,其中GABA和Glu活动异常与失眠程度间有密切关系。     

郑州企业医院医务人员职业紧张现状及影响因素

目的:分析企业医院医务人员职业紧张现状及其主要影响因素.方法:随机抽取郑州市15所企业医院医务人员818人,采用OSI-R量表对其职业紧张进行测量.结果:企业医院医务人员的职业任务与年龄、学历、科室有关(P均<0.05),紧张反应与年龄有关(P<0.05),应对资源与年龄、学历有关(P均<0.05).医务人员个体紧张反应与职业任务各子项成正相关(P均<0.01),与应对资源各子项成负相关(P均<0.01).结论:企业医院医务人员职业紧张水平较高,控制或消除生产环境和劳动过程中的紧张因素是减少职业紧张危害的根本途径.     

脑电超慢涨落图检查对预测癫痫药物控制敏感性的价值

目的:探讨脑电超慢涨落图检查对预测癫痫药物控制敏感性的临床价值.方法:选择患者80例,根据治疗效果分为两组,各40例,对所有患者均进行脑电超慢涨落图检查,比较两组5-羟色胺(5-HT)、乙酰胆碱(Ach)、去甲肾上腺素(NE)、γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)、谷氨酸(Glu)水平.并了解脑功能指数中的运动指数、兴奋抑制指数、血管舒缩指数变化情况.结果:敏感组运动指数、兴奋抑制指数及血管舒缩指数均显著低于不敏感组(P＜0.05),敏感组兴奋性神经递质中的5-HT、Glu和Ach水平均显著低于不敏感组(P＜0.05),抑制性神经递质NE及GABA显著高于不敏感组(P＜0.05).结论:采用脑电超慢涨落图分析,如果测定到中枢神经系统中兴奋性递质水平升高而抑制性神经递质水平降低,则预示患者对该药物治疗不敏感,而治疗后,兴奋性递质水平降低而抑制性神经递质水平升高,则提示患者对该治疗方案敏感,可以考虑继续应用.     

科学研究人员职业紧张及影响因素分析

目的探讨科学研究人员职业紧张及其影响因素.方法采用职业紧张量表(OSI-R),对科学研究人员(研究组)235例,另外,随机抽取工厂、机关、服务和商业等行业的职工(对照组)319例,共计554例进行研究.结果①职业紧张总均分[(166.25±27.20)分,(139.16±17.19)分]及各子项得分(除工作环境子项外),紧张反应总均分[(91.15±18.11)分,(82.25±17.48)分]及业务紧张反应、人际关系紧张反应子项得分,应对资源总均分[(131.81±17.12)分,(126.93±19.11)分]及自我保健子项,科学研究人员均显著大于对照组(P＜0.01,P＜0.05).②紧张反应与职业任务呈明显正相关(r=0.726,P＜0.01),与应对资源呈明显负相关(r=-0.331,P＜0.01).③个体紧张反应、躯体紧张反应、人际关系紧张反应(除自我保健外)的主要影响因素:职业任务、任务冲突、理性处事、自我保健;业务紧张反应的主要影响因素:职业任务、任务过重、文化程度、理性处事、工作环境、责任感;心理紧张反应的主要影响因素:职业任务、任务冲突、个体应对资源、任务模糊.结论将已提出并验证过的职业紧张的模式结合已制定的科学研究人员职业紧张常模及应用表、图,针对科学研究人员的主要紧张源,紧张反应及其影响因素,可对科学研究人员采取有针对性的干预(组织、个体)措施,以达到降低科学研究人员的职业紧张程度,保护和促进工作能力.     

脑电超慢涨落图在抑郁症治疗中的临床应用

目的 研究抑郁症患者治疗前后脑内多种神经递质和脑功能状态的变化特点.方法 采用ML-2001型脑电超慢涨落分析仪,检测抑郁症患者用药前及用药后2,4,6周各检测一次脑电超慢涨落图,共4次,经配对t检验,分析抑郁症患者治疗前后神经递质及脑功能动态变化情况.结果 (1)抑郁症患者治疗前脑内神经递质测值与正常值对照比较,其sl(r-氨基丁酸,GABA)、s2(谷氨酸,GLu)、s3(乙酰胆碱受体,AchR)、s4(5-羟色胺,5-HT)、s5(乙酰胆碱,Ach)、s13(深抑制递质,INH)测值均高于正常值,其中Glu差异有显著性(P＜0.05).而s6(强兴奋递质,EXC)、s7(去甲肾上腺素,NE)、s11(多巴胺,DA)测值均低于正常值,其中NE、DA差异有显著性(P＜0.05).(2)治疗前与治疗后2,4,6周各次测值比较,其中GABA治疗前测值(9.18±4.03)与治疗后2,4,6周每次测值(5.89±4.09)(5.91±3.88)(6.19±3.74),Glu治疗前测值(7.59±4.71)与治疗后2,4,6周每次测值(4.19±4.11)(3.71±3.59)(3.65±3.27)比较均降低,差异有显著性(P＜0.01).而5-HT、Ach、NE、DA经治疗后均明显升高,差异有显著性(P＜0.01).EXC亦升高(P＜0.05).AchR、INH差异无显著性(P＞0.05).(3)HAMD、SDS量表评分比较差异有显著性(P＜0.01).(4)脑功能状态治疗前后对照比较,也有明显好转.结论 抑郁发作可能与脑内神经递质GABA、Glu、5-HT、Ach、NE、DA、EXC物质和功能失调有关.     

放射工作者职业紧张与工作能力关系的研究

目的 探讨放射工作者职业紧张状况及其影响因素、紧张水平和工作能力的关系.方法 采用职业紧张量表(OSI-R)和工作能力指数量表(WAI),对不同工种的放射工作者557名(接触组)和389名非放射线接触者(对照组)共计946人进行问卷调查.结果 接触组ORQ、PSQ、PRQ(除SS外)得分均高于对照组(P＜0.05);PSQ与ORQ及各子项得分(除RI外)呈正相关(P＜0.01),PSQ与PRQ及各子项得分呈负相关(P＜0.01).对照组WAI评分"好"的职工比例高于接触组(P＜0.01),接触组WAI评分"差"与"中"的职工比例高于对照组,评分"好"的职工比例低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);WAI评分与ORQ及PSQ均呈负相关(P＜0.01),与PRQ呈正相关(P＜0.01).结论 接触组比对照组的职业紧张程度高,工作时间越长紧张程度越高,接触组的工作能力低于对照组,通过增进放射作业人员的应对资源,调整职业心理紧张反应及改善工作适应状态可提高其工作能力,保护其身心健康.     

脑涨落图仪在抑郁症失眠患者中的临床应用

目的 探讨脑涨落图仪检测抑郁症失眠患者脑内神经递质活动变化的特点.方法 选择45例抑郁症失眠患者,45例健康体检者作为对照.治疗前给予两组HAMD、PSQI和SCL-90量表评定.治疗前及常规治疗1个月后,运用脑涨落图仪分析技术检测脑内6种神经递质的值.结果 治疗前患者组HAMD、PSQI和SCL-90量表评定均值显著高于对照组(P＜0.05),脑内神经递质Ach、NE、DA和GABA值均低于对照组(P＜0.05);Glu值高于对照组(P ＜0.05);5-HT值无显著变化(P＞0.05).治疗1个月后,失眠症组患者脑内神经递质Ach、NE、DA和GABA值较治疗前增加(P＜0.05),Glu值较治疗前降低(P＜0.05),5-HT值无显著变化(P＞0.05).结论 抑郁症失眠与脑内神经递质失调有重要关系,脑涨落图仪对抑郁症失眠的诊断、疗效判断以及治疗有指导意义.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Acupuncture Treatment of Vomiting

CASE HISTORY A female patient, 46 years old, head of the foreign affairs department of a certain university in Beijing, paid her first visit on October 9, 2006, with the chief complaint of vomiting for one month. She got vomiting after meals in early September. Before that, she had discomfortable sensation in the stomach due to angry with others, but she didn't pay much attention. Later, it developed into vomiting after eating. After the vomiting, the discomfort would be relieved, but with slight hypodynamia. She was once diagnosed as having 'neurogenic vomiting'. Having taken some western and Chinese drugs, the above symptoms were a little bit improved, but she would have nausea upon eating and with regurgitation. Because of the fear for vomiting, she did not dare to have food intake, with body weight reduction of 6 kilos in one month.     

Qiu Baoguo''''s Experience in Treating Consumptive Syndromes after Radio-Chemotherapies

Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the important modern medical therapies for malignant tumors,yet they can also bring about serious local and systemic toxic side reactions so to decrease the patient;'s life quality,manifested by a series of consumptive symptoms.Having engaged in the combined work of Chinese and western medicine for nearly 50 years,the research fellow Qiu Baoguo in Henan Provincial Academy of TCM has developed his unique views on the TCM study of consumptive syndromes.The author of this essay had once the fortune tO follow Dr.Qiu in clinic,and specially would like to introduce in the following Dr.Qiu's experience in treating consumptive syndromes after radio-chemotherapies for patients with malignant tumor.     

Insomnia Due to Deficiency of Both the Heart and Spleen Treated by Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Chinese Tuina

OBJECTIVE: To observe therapeutic effects of the comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen. METHODS: 92 cases were divided randomly into the treatment group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina) and the control group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion). RESULTS: The therapeutic effect of the treatment group was obviously superior to that of the control group (the CHI2 test showed P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina can give marked therapeutic effects for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.