高原汽车兵心理健康特点及相关因素分析

目的研究高原汽车兵心理健康特点及其影响因素.方法采用症状自评量表(SCL-90),状态-特质焦虑问卷、社会支持评定量表、应对方式问卷及成人艾森克人格问卷,对驻扎在格尔木地区某部汽车团汽车兵进行测试.与SCL-90中国常模、军人常模、高原一般军人进行比较,并分析SCL-90军龄、级别特征,进行相关分析.结果①高原汽车兵SCL-90总均分[(1.76±0.59)分]、阳性项目数[(41.01±21.60)分]和各因子得分均显著高于中国军人常模(P＜0.01);除阳性项目数外,SCL-90总均分和各因子得分明显低于高原一般军人(P＜0.05);②高原军人心理健康特征.军龄上:除躯体化因子外,SCL-90各因子得分、总均分和阳性项目数差异无显著性(P＞0.05);级别上:躯体化、偏执因子和阳性项目数得分存在显著差异(P＜0.05);③SCL-90各因子得分与艾森克人格问卷神经质因子、精神质因子、特质焦虑、状态焦虑和消极应对得分呈显著正相关(P＜0.01),与内外向因子、掩饰性因子、社会支持总分、客观支持、主观支持、支持利用度得分呈显著负相关(P＜0.05).结论高原条件下汽车兵心理卫生水平总体较差,并呈现明显的军龄和级别特征;高原汽车兵心理健康与个性、焦虑、社会支持及应对方式有关.     

执行维稳任务军人个性、应对方式、状态-特质焦虑与心理健康的相关性研究

目的 探讨执行维稳任务军人个性、应对方式、状态-特质焦虑与心理健康的相关性.方法 应用一般情况问卷、状态-特质焦虑问卷(STAI)、应对方式问卷、艾森克个性问卷(EPQ)、症状自评量表(SCL-90)、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)对824名执行维稳任务军人进行测试,并与内地327名留守非任务军人进行比较. 结果除抑郁因子分外,执行维稳任务军人SCL-90总分和其他因子、STAI各因子分均显著高于非任务军人(P<0.01);执行维稳任务军人SCL-90总分、STAI各因子分与不成熟型、混合型应对方式及EPQ-P、EPQ-N呈显著正相关(P<0.01);与成熟应对方式、主观支持、对支持的利用度及EPQ-E、EPQ-L呈显著负相关(P<0.01,P<0.05).回归分析显示,对维稳军人SCL-90总分有显著性影响的因素由大到小依次为EPQ-N、状态焦虑、社会支持利用度、自责、特质焦虑、主观支持,6个变量的决定系数R2=0 449, P=0.000.结论 执行维稳任务军人心理健康受个性、对应方式、社会支持、状态-特质焦虑的综合影响.     

人格、家庭因素与军人焦虑情绪的相关性研究

目的:研究军人人格特质、家庭因素与焦虑的关系,分析军人焦虑的影响因素,为建立有效的干预措施提供理论依据.方法:应用艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)、状态-特质焦虑问卷(STAI)及自拟的一般情况调查表对2 001名男性军人进行团体心理测试,分析测试结果.结果: 受测军人状态焦虑(S-AI)、特质焦虑(T-AI)标准分与EPQ中精神质(P)、神经质(N)评分显著负相关(P＜0.01),与效度量表(L)和外倾性(E)评分显著正相关 (P＜0.01).特质焦虑标准分与父母关系、经济状况相关(P＜0.05),状态焦虑标准分与父母关系、家庭组成和经济状况相关(P＜0.05).多元逐步回归分析结果提示,特质焦虑的影响因素为父母关系、经济状况(P＜0.01),状态焦虑的影响因素只有经济状况(P＜0.01).结论:人格特质、家庭因素是影响军人焦虑状况的重要因素,人格特质中EPQ 四个维度的作用均显著,家庭因素中父母关系、经济状况作用显著.     

高原汽车兵心理健康特点及相关因素分析

目的研究高原汽车兵心理健康特点及其影响因素。方法采用症状自评量表(SCL-90),状态-特质焦虑问卷、社会支持评定量表、应对方式问卷及成人艾森克人格问卷,对驻扎在格尔木地区某部汽车团汽车兵进行测试。与SCL-90中国常模、军人常模、高原一般军人进行比较,并分析SCL-90军龄、级别特征,进行相关分析。结果①高原汽车兵SCL-90总均分[(1.76±0.59)分]、阳性项目数[(41.01±21.60)分]和各因子得分均显著高于中国军人常模(P<0.01);除阳性项目数外,SCL-90总均分和各因子得分明显低于高原一般军人(P<0.05);②高原军人心理健康特征。军龄上:除躯体化因子外,SCL-90各因子得分、总均分和阳性项目数差异无显著性(P>0.05);级别上:躯体化、偏执因子和阳性项目数得分存在显著差异(P<0.05);③SCL-90各因子得分与艾森克人格问卷神经质因子、精神质因子、特质焦虑、状态焦虑和消极应对得分呈显著正相关(P<0.01),与内外向因子、掩饰性因子、社会支持总分、客观支持、主观支持、支持利用度得分呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。结论高原条件下汽车兵心理卫生水平总体较差,并呈现明显的军龄和级别特征;高原汽车兵心理健康与个性、焦虑、社会支持及应对方式有关。     

军事飞行员应对方式、状态特质焦虑与心理健康的相关性研究

目的 探讨军事飞行员应对方式、状态-特质焦虑与心理健康的关系.方法 整群抽样抽取飞行员504名,进行应对方式量表、状态-特质焦虑量表、症状自评量表(SCL-90)测试.结果 SCL-90各因子分显著低于军人常模(P＜0.01);应对方式中解决问题、求助因子[(0.84±0.15)分,(0.61±0.19)分]显著高于军人常模[(0.28±0.22)分,(0.46±0.26)分],而其余4个因子显著低于军人常模;状态-特质焦虑分[(36.93±8.49)分,(37.96±8.76)分]显著低于国内常模[(39.71±8.89)分,(41.11±7.74)分];SCL-90总分＜160组的飞行员应对方式中的解决问题、求助因子分[(0.83±0.15)分,(0.62±0.19)分]高于SCL-90总分≥160组[(0.70±0.15)分,(0.57±0.15)分]的飞行员,且解决问题因子有显著差异(P＜0.01),而其余4个因子分均显著低于SCL-90总分≥160组(P＜0.01);除敌对性因子外,SCL-90各因子与应对方式中的解决问题、求助因子呈显著负相关(P＜0.05～0.01);而与应对方式的其余4个因子及状态、特质焦虑总分呈显著正相关(P＜0.01);(3)从对军事飞行员心理健康的作用大小来看,特质焦虑最大,依次为自责、解决问题、合理化.结论 军事飞行员的心理健康受应对方式、状态-特质焦虑的影响.     

高海拔环境下军人状态-特质焦虑的特点研究

目的 研究高海拔环境下军人状态-特质焦虑的特点.方法 采用状态-特质焦虑问卷(state-trait anxiety inventory,STAI),对驻高原地区45个部队6 019名军人进行团体测评,分析军人状态-特质焦虑的特点.结果 ①性别:女性TAI得分显著高于男性(P＜0.01).②职别:军官组SAI和TAI得分显著高于士兵和士官组(P＜0.01).③年龄:＞30岁组TAI得分显著高于25岁以下各组(P＜0.01);＞25 ～30岁组TAI得分显著高于20岁以下各组(P＜0.01).④军龄:TAI得分差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01);＞ 12～16年组和＞16年组TAI得分显著高于≤1年、＞1 ～2年、＞2 ～5年和＞5 ～8年组(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).⑤海拔高度:SAI和TAI得分差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01);≤2000 m组SAI和TAI得分显著高于＞2 500～3 000 m组(P＜0.01).⑥文化程度:呈现SAI和TAI得分大学及以上组＞高中(中专)组＞初中及以下组的趋势(P＜0.01).⑦非独生子女组SAI得分显著低于独生子女组(P＜0.05).结论 高海拔环境的军人状态特质焦虑在性别、职别、年龄、军龄、文化程度、独生子女情况和海拔高度上差异有统计学意义.     

住院官兵心理障碍与人格特征的相关研究

目的:探讨军队医院住院官兵的心理状态以及心理障碍形成的人格基础。方法:抽取某战区所辖8所部队医院526名住院军人,采用90项症状清单(SCL-90)和艾森克个性测验(EPQ)测查心理状态和人格特征。结果:军队医院住院官兵的艾森克人格问卷中神经质维度得分明显高于国内常模,内外向和精神质两维度得分低于国内常模(P<0.05或0.01);症状自评量表中总分、躯体化、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐惧、精神病性因子分均高于国内常模(P<0.05);住院官兵EPQ神经质维度与SCL-90各因子得分呈显著正相关(P<0.05或0.01);内外向维度与SCL-90的躯体化、人际敏感、抑郁和焦虑因子分呈负相关(P<0.05);精神质维度与SCL-90敌对、偏执和精神病性因子呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论:军队医院住院军人存在不同程度的心理障碍,情绪不稳定、内倾的人格特点可能为其人格基础。     

驻京某警卫部队战士人格特征及心理状况的调查分析

目的：调查某警卫部队战士人格特征、心理健康水平及两者的相关性。方法采用艾森克人格测量问卷(EPQ)、症状自评量表(SCL-90)对261名警卫战士进行测试。结果 EPQ的N、P、L维度显著低于中国军人常模(P＜0.01),EPQ各维度显著高于地方常模(P＜0.01);SCL-90各因子除强迫症状、敌对外低于军队常模(P＜0.05);除抑郁、敌对、恐怖外均高于地方常模(P＜0.05);义务兵与士官的EPQ、SCL-90各因子得分比较,两者差异无统计学意义。战士SCL-90的各因子得分与EPQ中神经质、精神质呈显著正相关(P＜0.01);与掩饰性呈显著负相关(P＜0.01);人际关系敏感、抑郁、敌对、恐怖与内外向呈负相关(P＜0.05)。结论警卫战士的人格特征和心理健康水平高于中国军人平均水平,但也存在着一些问题,应加强人格及心理健康教育。     

高、低特质焦虑军校学员的认知情绪调节策略、应对方式和焦虑的现况调查

目的 探讨不同特质焦虑军校学员认知情绪调节策略和应对方式的使用情况及他们与焦虑的关系.方法 采用特质-状态焦虑问卷(STAI-Formy)、认知情绪调节问卷(CERQ)和简易应对方式问卷(SCSQ)对328名军校学员进行整群抽样调查.根据测验结果选取高特质焦虑组(n=51)和低特质焦虑组(n=69)共120人,比较两组被试的CERQ和SCSQ的差异.结果 ①与低特质焦虑组相比,高特质焦虑组有更高的状态焦虑(P＜0.01)和消极应对(P＜0.05),对沉思、灾难化、责备他人等策略使用更多(P＜0.01);低特质焦虑组则有更高的积极应对(P＜0.01),对重新关注计划和积极重新评价策略使用更多(P＜0.01);②特质-状态焦虑与沉思、灾难化、责备他人呈显著正相关(P＜0.01);特质-状态焦虑与积极重新关注、重新关注计划、积极重新评价和积极应对呈显著负相关(P ＜0.05,P＜0.01);③回归分析结果显示:沉思、积极重新关注、灾难化、责备他人4种认知情绪调节策略和积极应对、消极应对2种应对方式对状态焦虑有显著预测力;沉思、积极重新关注、灾难化3种策略和积极应对、消极应对2种应对方式对特质焦虑有显著预测力,解释率分别为27.6％和30.3％.结论 不同焦虑特质军校学员的认知情绪调节策略、应对方式和焦虑密切相关.     

医学生的状态-特质焦虑与个性关系的调查分析

目的了解医学本科生状态-特质焦虑状况及其与个性特征的关系,为开展针对性心理卫生工作提供依据.方法采用Zung编制的<状态-特质焦虑量表(STAI)>和龚耀先修订的<艾森克个性问卷(EPQ)>对622名在校医学本科生进行了测评.结果一年级新生的状态-特质焦虑得分高于三年级学生;但被调查学生状态焦虑分数低于一般人群均值,其EPQ各维度得分亦与全国常模有差异.状态-特质焦虑测评结果与EPQ各维度有显著相关,E维度尤为明显.结论医学生焦虑状态及其水平低于一般人群,其状态-特质焦虑与个性有一定关联.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.     

Acupuncture Treatment of Vomiting

CASE HISTORY A female patient, 46 years old, head of the foreign affairs department of a certain university in Beijing, paid her first visit on October 9, 2006, with the chief complaint of vomiting for one month. She got vomiting after meals in early September. Before that, she had discomfortable sensation in the stomach due to angry with others, but she didn't pay much attention. Later, it developed into vomiting after eating. After the vomiting, the discomfort would be relieved, but with slight hypodynamia. She was once diagnosed as having 'neurogenic vomiting'. Having taken some western and Chinese drugs, the above symptoms were a little bit improved, but she would have nausea upon eating and with regurgitation. Because of the fear for vomiting, she did not dare to have food intake, with body weight reduction of 6 kilos in one month.     

Qiu Baoguo''''s Experience in Treating Consumptive Syndromes after Radio-Chemotherapies

Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the important modern medical therapies for malignant tumors,yet they can also bring about serious local and systemic toxic side reactions so to decrease the patient;'s life quality,manifested by a series of consumptive symptoms.Having engaged in the combined work of Chinese and western medicine for nearly 50 years,the research fellow Qiu Baoguo in Henan Provincial Academy of TCM has developed his unique views on the TCM study of consumptive syndromes.The author of this essay had once the fortune tO follow Dr.Qiu in clinic,and specially would like to introduce in the following Dr.Qiu's experience in treating consumptive syndromes after radio-chemotherapies for patients with malignant tumor.     

Insomnia Due to Deficiency of Both the Heart and Spleen Treated by Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Chinese Tuina

OBJECTIVE: To observe therapeutic effects of the comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen. METHODS: 92 cases were divided randomly into the treatment group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina) and the control group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion). RESULTS: The therapeutic effect of the treatment group was obviously superior to that of the control group (the CHI2 test showed P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina can give marked therapeutic effects for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen.     

Survey and practice of reporting quality of randomized controlled clinical trials on traditional Chinese medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.