小型猪高脂血症对炎症因子C-反应蛋白的影响

目的本研究通过给与小型猪高脂饲料，诱发高脂血症模型，观察分析炎症因子C-反应蛋白（CRP）变化。方法选用30头五指山小型猪进行高脂饲料饲喂，动物随机分成对照组（6头）、1．5％胆固醇组（12头）和3．0％胆固醇组（12头），每个月测定一次血脂（TC、LDL-C、HDL-C、TG）和血糖（GLU）的变化，每2个月测定C-反应蛋白（CRP）变化。结果高脂饮食可引起CRP升高，CRP与TC、LDL-C、HDL-C呈正相关，高脂血症从启动时就有炎症状态。结论高脂血症和早期AS伴随CRP升高。     

五指山小型猪、西藏小型猪和巴马小型猪对外源性脂肪的敏感性观察

目的观察五指山小型猪、西藏小型猪和巴马小型猪对外源性脂肪的敏感性。方法取雄性五指山小型猪、西藏小型猪和巴马小型猪各5只,分别采用静脉注射脂肪乳和饲喂高脂饲料,分别检测静脉注射脂肪乳后0.5、1、1.5、2、2.5、3 h和饲喂高脂饲料后12、24、36、48、60、72、84、120 h的血清胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)和甘油三酯(TG)水平,并计算曲线下面积变化ΔAUC值。结果注射脂肪乳后3种小型猪甘油三酯(TG)均明显升高(P0.01),在注射后0.5 h达到峰值,其升高程度和ΔAUC值高低依次为西藏小型猪五指山小型猪巴马小型猪,而TC、LDL-C和HDL-C则无明显变化(P0.05);高脂饲料饲喂饮食诱导后3种小型猪TC、LDL-C、HDL-C和TG均明显升高(P0.05,P0.01),其中,五指山小型猪TC、LDL-C在饲喂后36 h、HDL-C在饲喂后48 h、TG在饲喂后24 h达到峰值,巴马小型猪和西藏小型猪TC、LDL-C、HDL-C在饲喂后48-60 h、TG在饲喂后36 h达到峰值,TC、LDL-C、HDL-C的ΔAUC值高低依次为五指山小型猪巴马小型猪西藏小型猪。结论静脉注射脂肪乳3种小型猪对TG敏感,脂耐量值高低依次为西藏小型猪五指山小型猪巴马小型猪;高脂饲料饲喂对3种小型猪TC、LDL-C、HDL-C敏感,脂耐量值高低依次为五指山小型猪巴马小型猪西藏小型猪。     

小型猪高脂血症对内皮功能的影响

目的通过给与小型猪高脂饲料诱发高血脂症，分析高脂血症对内皮功能的影响。方法选用30头五指山小型猪进行高脂饲料饲喂6个月，动物随机分成对照组（6头）、1．5％胆固醇组（12头）和3．0％胆固醇组（12头），每个月测定一次血脂（TC、LDL-C、HDL-C、TG）的变化，每2个月测定前列腺环素（PGI2）（实际测定6-keto-PGF1）、血栓烷A2（TXA2）（实际测定TXB2）和ET作为判断内皮功能的指标。结果高脂血症小型猪TXA2和TXA2／PGI2明显上升，而ET呈下降趋势（P〈0．01），ET和LDL-C负相关。结论高脂血症时，促进收缩血管和血小板聚集因子TXA2增加，TXA2／PGI2升高；同时，内皮细胞分泌缩血管因子ET适应性下调，存在损伤与抗损伤过程。     

五指山小型猪高脂血症模型的心脏自主神经功能变化

目的观察五指山小型猪高脂血症模型的心脏自主神经功能的动态变化,探讨血脂异常对自主神经功能的影响和与昼夜的关系。方法利用高脂饮食诱发五指山小型猪高脂血症,造模后,每2周一次测定小型猪TG、TC、HDL-C和LDL-C和监测动态心电图,并进行24 h和昼夜心率变异性(HRV)分析,以评估小型猪的心脏自主神经功能。结果高脂饮食2周后五指山小型猪血清TC、HDL-C、LDL-C水平均显著升高(P<0.01),TG水平亦在高脂饮食后6周显著升高(P<0.05),其中,TC、LDL-C在高脂饮食0~4周时呈快速上升,在4~6周达到高峰,8~10周基本稳定并维持在一定水平；HDL-C在高脂饮食0~2周迅速上升并达到高峰,2~10周基本稳定。HRV参数分析结果,时域指标(RRI、SDNN、RMSDD、SDANN、PNN50、SDANN index、STV、LTV)和频域指标(VLF、LF、HF和TP)均渐进性显著降低(P<0.05,P<0.01),LF/HF升高(P<0.05),夜间HRV参数变化程度均高于白天；相关分析显示HRV各参数与TC、LDL-C、TC/HDL-C、LDL-C/HDL-C具有显著的相关性(P<0.05,P<0.01),经多元线性逐步回归分析发现,SDNN与TC、LDL-C、TC/HDL-C、LDL-C/HDL-C比值的相关性依次为0.673、0.672、0.665、0.681。结论高脂饮食诱发五指山小型猪高脂血症的血脂异常可引起自主神经功能的下降和紊乱,自主神经功能的紊乱程度与高血脂状态的持续时间有关；血脂异常所致心血管疾病的危险程度夜间高于白天；HRV降低与TC、LDL-C、TC/HDL-C和LDL-C/HDL-C比值升高呈一定的依赖性,SDNN降低可作为预测高脂血症引发心血管病风险的独立相关指标。     

睾酮缺乏对高脂饮食小型猪血脂和肝内脂质沉积的影响

目的 探讨睾酮缺乏对高脂饮食小型猪血脂水平和肝脏脂质沉积的影响.方法 取6~7月龄性成熟后的雄性五指山小型猪18只按体重随机分成三组,即不去势组,去势组和去势加睾酮处理组,每组6只.三组动物均采用高脂饲料饲喂12周,每周测定动物体重.采血检测血清睾酮、总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)和甘油三酯(TG)水平变化.12周后动物处死,采集肝组织,检测肝脏TG和TC含量.肝组织标本石蜡包埋切片后进行苏木素-伊红染色,观察肝脏病理变化. 结果 (1)高脂饮食诱导后,三组小型猪体重均呈线性增长趋势,不去势和去势加睾酮处理组小型猪的体重略高于去势组小型猪,但三者差异不显著;(2)去势小型猪血清睾酮含量显著减少,但给予外源性睾酮后,睾酮水平恢复;(3)去势显著增加高脂饮食小型猪血清TC,LDL-C和TG水平,但对血清HDL-C水平没有显著影响.睾酮处理后,血清TG,TC和LDL-C水平均显著降低;(4)去势组小型猪肝脏TG和TC含量均显著高于不去势组小型猪,睾酮处理后TG和TC含量显著减少;(5)与不去势组小型猪相比,去势组小型猪肝细胞脂肪变性程度增加,睾酮处理后,去势小型猪肝脂肪变性程度明显减轻.结论 睾酮缺乏加剧高脂饮食诱导小型猪的血脂代谢紊乱,增加肝脏脂质沉积.     

高脂饲料致高脂血症大鼠模型的研究

目的探讨不同配方高脂饲料致高脂血症大鼠模型的建模效果。方法将24只Wistar雄性大鼠分成3组,各8只。分别饲喂基础饲料（对照组）、高脂饲料I（I组）和高脂饲料II（II组）,共4周。每周测定体质量1次,于第4周末测定血清总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）。结果3组喂养1、2、3及4周后体质量差异均有统计学意义（均P〈0．05）,其中II组与对照组差异均无统计学意义（均P〉0．05）,I组与对照组差异有纺计学意义（P〈0．05）。4周后,II组、I组与对照组比较,TC、HDL-C及LDL-C水平显著升高（均P〈0．01）,TG水平降低（均P〈0．05）;I组与对照组比较,HDL-C／LDL．C（H／L）及HDL-C／TC（H／T）明显低于对照组（均P〈O．01）,II组与对照组比较明显升高（均P〈0．01）。结论高脂饲料I与高脂饲料II均可以建立高脂血症模型,但从稳定性和效果来看,高脂饲料II优于高脂饲料I。     

铜对高胆固醇家兔模型血脂的影响

[摘要] 目的 观察铜对高胆固醇模型家兔血清总胆固醇（TC）、总甘油三酯（TG）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）的影响。方法 37只新西兰大白兔随机分成对照组（C,n=9）,铜离子组（Cu,n=8）,高胆固醇组（HC,n=10）,高胆固醇加铜离子组（HC+Cu,n=10）,对照组给予全价营养饲料100 g/d及充足蒸馏水,铜离子组给予全价营养饲料100 g/d,及充足含0.12×10-6铜离子（以硫酸铜的形式）的蒸馏水;其余家兔采用文献[1]的方法造模,高胆固醇组给予2%高胆固醇饲料（50 g普通饲料+50 g 4%高胆固醇饲料）及充足蒸馏水,高胆固醇加铜离子组给予2%高胆固醇饲料及含0.12×10-6铜离子（以硫酸铜的形式）的蒸馏水,至实验结束,共9周（食水均自由摄取）。 9周后,采用酶比色法测定各组家兔血清TC、TG 、HDL-C、LDL-C含量。结果 32只家兔纳入结果分析,每组8只。与对照组相比,HC组及HC+Cu组血清HDL-C、LDL-C、TC和TG水平均明显升高,其差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;Cu组血清HDL-C、LDL-C、TC和TG水平均呈现上调趋势,但其差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。HC+Cu组与Cu组比较,HC+Cu组血清HDL-C、LDL-C、TC和TG水平均明显升高,其差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。HC+Cu组与HC组比较,HC+Cu组血清HDL-C水平明显升高,其差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;LDL-C和TC出现上升趋势,TG出现下降趋势,但这些改变无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 高脂饮食可引起血脂代谢紊乱,血清微量元素铜含量的变化可进一步干扰脂代谢,其中对HDL-C的影响尤为明显。     

地奥脂必妥治疗高脂血症临床疗效观察

高胆固醇与高脂血症已被证明是致动脉粥样硬化的危险因素之一.血脂调节措施可延缓冠状动脉病变发展，避免或减轻动脉粥样硬化的形成.我们使用中科院成都地奥制药公司研制的调整血脂新药地奥服必要治疗20例高脂血症患者，收到良好效果.入选对象系经饮食控制无效，近期两次空腹TC＞6.5mmol／L或TG＞2.0mmol／L和／或HDL-C＜1.04mmol／L，LDL-C＞3.64mmol／L者.随机分为治疗组与对照组（烟酸肌醇脂）各20例。疗程5周。结果显示治疗组TC降低21％，TG降低46％，HDL-C升高0.26mmol／L，对照组TC降低13％，TG降低34％，HDL-C升高0.15…     

高脂环境下五指山小型猪和西藏小型猪冠心病相关血脂和炎症易感基因的表达

目的观察在高脂环境下五指山小型猪、西藏小型猪血脂和炎症细胞的变化,分析冠心病相关血脂和炎症易感基因的表达。方法取雄性五指山小型猪、西藏小型猪各5只,高脂饲喂连续6个月,每月检测血脂和血常规,并检测饲喂前和饲喂6个月时外周白细胞中LDLR、LPL、PCSK9、ApoAV、5-LO、FLAP、MMP-9、ICAM-1、VCAM-1基因和蛋白的表达,及血清中CRP、TNF-α水平;并在饲喂6个月时取腹主动脉组织进行HE染色病理学检查。结果高脂饲喂后,两种小型猪TC、HDL-C、LDL-C水平均显著升高(P0.01),西藏小型猪WBC、NEUT%、MONO%和五指山小型猪MONO%亦呈升高趋势(P0.05);五指山小型猪TC、LDL-C水平高于西藏小型猪,而西藏小型猪的WBC、NEUT%和MONO%显著高于五指山小型猪(P0.05,P0.01),且西藏小型猪血清CRP和TNF-α水平显著升高(P0.05),而五指山小型猪未见显著差异(P0.05)。高脂饲喂6个月后,两种小型猪均出现明显的AS斑块,五指山小型猪LDLR、ApoAV mRNA和蛋白表达均显著降低(P0.05,P0.01),PCSK9、LPL mRNA表达显著升高(P0.05,P0.01);西藏小型猪LPL mRNA和蛋白表达均显著升高(P0.01);五指山小型猪5-LO、FLAP、ICAM-1、VCAM-1 mRNA表达和5-LO蛋白表达均显著升高(P0.05,P0.01),西藏小型猪FLAP、MMP-9、ICAM-1、VCAM-1 mRNA和蛋白表达均显著升高(P0.05,P0.01),且西藏小型猪MMP-9、ICAM-1、VCAM-1 mRNA和蛋白表达均高于五指山小型猪,而5-LO mRNA和蛋白表达则五指山小型猪高于西藏小型猪。结论高脂环境下五指山小型猪、西藏小型猪均出现不同程度的血脂异常和炎症反应,两种小型猪的冠心病相关血脂和炎症易感基因存在明显异质性,其中,高脂诱导下五指山小型猪外周血白细胞对LDLR、PCSK9、5-LO表达较敏感,而西藏小型猪外周血白细胞中对LPL、ICAM-1、VCAM-1和MMP-9表达较敏感。     

NO-1886对高脂/高糖/高胆固醇饲养的小型猪组织中CRP和IL-6蛋白表达的影响

目的探讨脂蛋白酯酶活化剂NO-1886对高糖／高脂／高胆固醇饲养的小型猪组织中CRP及IL-6蛋白表达的影响。方法15只雄性巴马小型猪,按体重随机分为3组：正常组：喂基础猪饲料;三高组：喂高脂／高蔗糖／高胆固醇饲料（含10％猪油、37％蔗糖和2％胆固醇）;加药组：在高脂／高蔗糖／高胆固醇饲料里加1．0％NO．1886。5个月后处死动物,用油红0染色检测脂质在小型猪肝脏组织的蓄积情况,Westernblot技术检测炎症因子CRP和IL-6在肝脏和脂肪等组织中的表达。结果正常组和加药组肝脏结构正常,未见明显脂滴;而三高组肝脏组织内充满了大量大小不等的红染脂滴。与正常组比较,高脂／高糖／高胆固醇饮食能诱导巴马小型猪肝脏和脂肪等组织中ClIP和IL-6的蛋白表达增加,而在高脂／高糖／高胆固醇饲料中添加1．0％NO-1886后,NO-1886能降低肝脏和脂肪等组织中CRP和IL-6的蛋白表达。结论NO-1886能明显抑制脂质在肝脏组织中的蓄积,降低高脂／高糖／高胆固醇饲养的小型猪组织中CRP及IL-6的蛋白表达。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Acupuncture Treatment of Vomiting

CASE HISTORY A female patient, 46 years old, head of the foreign affairs department of a certain university in Beijing, paid her first visit on October 9, 2006, with the chief complaint of vomiting for one month. She got vomiting after meals in early September. Before that, she had discomfortable sensation in the stomach due to angry with others, but she didn't pay much attention. Later, it developed into vomiting after eating. After the vomiting, the discomfort would be relieved, but with slight hypodynamia. She was once diagnosed as having 'neurogenic vomiting'. Having taken some western and Chinese drugs, the above symptoms were a little bit improved, but she would have nausea upon eating and with regurgitation. Because of the fear for vomiting, she did not dare to have food intake, with body weight reduction of 6 kilos in one month.     

Qiu Baoguo''''s Experience in Treating Consumptive Syndromes after Radio-Chemotherapies

Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the important modern medical therapies for malignant tumors,yet they can also bring about serious local and systemic toxic side reactions so to decrease the patient;'s life quality,manifested by a series of consumptive symptoms.Having engaged in the combined work of Chinese and western medicine for nearly 50 years,the research fellow Qiu Baoguo in Henan Provincial Academy of TCM has developed his unique views on the TCM study of consumptive syndromes.The author of this essay had once the fortune tO follow Dr.Qiu in clinic,and specially would like to introduce in the following Dr.Qiu's experience in treating consumptive syndromes after radio-chemotherapies for patients with malignant tumor.     

Insomnia Due to Deficiency of Both the Heart and Spleen Treated by Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Chinese Tuina

OBJECTIVE: To observe therapeutic effects of the comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen. METHODS: 92 cases were divided randomly into the treatment group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina) and the control group (treated by acupuncture-moxibustion). RESULTS: The therapeutic effect of the treatment group was obviously superior to that of the control group (the CHI2 test showed P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The comprehensive therapy of acupuncture-moxibustion and Chinese Tuina can give marked therapeutic effects for treatment of insomnia due to deficiency of both the heart and spleen.     

Analysis of CK-19,PDX-1,Nestin,Ngn3 in different donor islet purity in rats

Objective: To investigate if there are the CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 positive cells in the donor islets of different purity in rats. Methods: Thirty male adult SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups. Islets were isolated using digestion by ductal injection of collagenase. Group Ⅰ (n=10): Separating cell preparations were not purified, Group Ⅱ(n=10): Islet sediment was purified with 25% Ficoll400 ,Group Ⅲ (n=10): Islet sediment was purified with 25% and 11% Ficoll-400. The levels of protein of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin and Ngn3 were detected by immunohistochemistry and the mRNA of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 was amplified by RT-PCR. Results: After two different purification methods applied, three islet preparations of different purities were obtained. The difference of islet purity was significant among various groups (P＜0.05). Compared with group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ,the protein and mRNA of CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin,Ngn3 were both higher in group Ⅰ; group Ⅲ was poorly expressed. Conclusions: The three different islet purity donor islet have different CK-19, PDX-1, Nestin, Ngn3 positive cells within them, indicating that there are some islet stem cells in the purified donor islet.     

Dr.Zhang Ren''''s Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

Luo Lingjie''''s Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.