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1.
 目的 建立人血浆中兰索拉唑的反相高效液相色谱紫外检测法,进行兰索拉唑的人体药动学研究。方法 血浆样品以乙醚提取,非那西丁为内标,采用Kromasil100-5 C8(4.6 mm×150 mm)色谱柱,以水-乙腈-二乙胺(用磷酸调pH 6.7)(600∶400∶1.2)溶液为流动相,流速0.8 mL·min-1,柱温40 ℃,检测波长285 nm。12名健康受试者,男女各半,采用随机开放自身对照三交叉,单剂量静脉滴注低(15 mg)或中 (30 mg) 或高 (60 mg) 剂量的注射用兰索拉唑,测定血浆中兰索拉唑浓度,计算兰索拉唑的人体药动学参数,并对其进行统计分析。结果 线性范围49.0~4 900.0 ng·mL-1,最低定量限为49.0 ng·mL-1(S/N > 10),方法学回收率为93.3%~100.1%,提取回收率大于82%。15 mg剂量组主要药动学参数:ρmax为(1 105.65±506.24)ng·mL-1,tmax 为(0.24±0.14)h,t1/2为(3.01±1.77)h, MRT0-12为(0.93±0.95)h,AUC0-12为(991.16±814.49)ng·h ·mL-1;30 mg剂量组,ρmax为(2 171.33±799.02)ng·mL-1,tmax 为(0.51±0.16)h,t1/2为(3.98±2.51 )h, MRT0-12为(1.91±0.83)h,AUC0-12为(3 495.87±1 770.92)ng·h ·mL-1; 60 mg剂量组,ρmax为(4 070.53±643.04)ng·mL-1,tmax 为(1.02±0.07)h,t1/2为(3.73±1.55)h,MRT0-12为(2.42±0.65)h,AUC0-12为(8 351.14±2 599.90)ng·h ·mL-1。结论 本法简便、灵敏、重现性好。健康受试者静脉滴注15、30、60 mg兰索拉唑后,其体内药动学过程基本上呈现线性动力学特征而无饱和性,血浆药物浓度-时间曲线符合二室模型。  相似文献   

2.
 目的 研究中国健康志愿者单剂量静脉推注0.25、0.5、1.0 μg·kg-1盐酸纳美芬注射液后的药动学行为,并评价药动学参数在0.25~1.0 μg·kg-1内剂量相关性。 方法 12名健康志愿者,随机三交叉试验,分别单剂量静脉推注盐酸纳美芬注射液0.25、0.5、1.0 μg·kg-1;测定给药后48 h内的血药浓度。结果 单剂量静脉推注0.25、0.5、1.0 μg·kg-1盐酸纳美芬注射液后,纳美芬的消除半衰期大约为13~15 h,血浆药物浓度(ρmax)随剂量增加呈线性增加[(104.4±61.9)~(330.6±152.5) pg·mL-1]。另外,曲线下面积(AUC)在0.25~1.0 μg·kg-1内也呈线性增加[AUC0-t(301.4±86.8)~(1 023.1±214.2)pg·h·mL-1, AUC0-∞:(337.1±82.7)~(1 115.2±302.3) pg·h·mL-1]。结论 在0.25~1.0 μg·kg-1内纳美芬呈线性药动学,ρmax、AUC的升高与剂量成正比。tmaxt1/2、AUC0-tCL/FVd/F性别间无统计学差异,但是ρmax有明显统计学差异。  相似文献   

3.
 目的 通过比较研究上海天汇化学制药有限公司研制的注射用紫杉醇脂质体和市售紫杉醇注射液的单次静脉滴注人体药动学特征,了解注射用紫杉醇脂质体在人体内的吸收、分布、消除规律,为临床合理用药提供理论依据。方法 采用单周期设计与双周期自身交叉设计相结合的单剂量给药方式,分别静脉滴注175 mg·m-2注射用紫杉醇脂质体或市售紫杉醇注射液,采集受试者血样,采用高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(HPLC-MS/MS)测定其血药浓度。 结果 患者单次静脉滴注175 mg·m-2剂量注射用紫杉醇脂质体和市售紫杉醇注射液后,平均ρmax分别为(883.11±353.69)和(6 250.00±1 635.12)μg·L-1,tmax分别为(1.94±1.01)和(3.00±0)h,t1/2分别为(5.00±1.87)和(3.37±0.61)h,AUC0-tn分别为(2 828.40±1 113.36)和(17 304.28±5 064.30)μg·h·L-1,AUC0-∞分别为(3 077.96±1 195.39)和(17 400.43±5 053.15)μg·h·L-1。4例完成注射用紫杉醇脂质体与市售紫杉醇注射液双周期自身交叉药代试验患者的平均药动学参数如下, ρmax分别为(767.75±182.94)和(6 805.00±881.38)μg·L-1,tmax分别为(2.50±1.0)和(3.00±0)h,t1/2分别为(5.16±2.42)和(3.30±0.88)h,AUC0-tn分别为(2 675.39±385.24)和(18 036.51±5 239.99)μg·h·L-1,AUC0-∞分别为(2 913.80±238.66)和(18 186.84±5187.37)μg·h·L-1。 结论 在给予相同剂量下,注射用紫杉醇脂质体ρmax和AUC0-tn明显低于市售紫杉醇注射液,t1/2高于紫杉醇注射液。对比于市售紫杉醇注射液,注射用紫杉醇脂质体具有明显缓释效果。  相似文献   

4.
 目的 研究单次注射盐酸纳布啡后的药代动力学,为该药临床研究及合理用药提供依据。方法 16名健康受试者,男女各半,分为两组,采用随机、开放试验设计,试验分别单剂量注射10、20 mg的盐酸纳布啡注射液。分别于给药前及给药后0、5、10、15、30、45 min、1、1.5、2、4、6、8、12 h分别采集静脉血4 mL。采用LC-MS/MS法测定血浆样品中纳布啡的血药浓度,并计算主要的药动学参数。结果 单剂量注射10、20 mg的盐酸纳布啡注射液后AUC0-12分别为(213.4±195.7)和(325.7±26.8) ng·h·mL-1,AUC0-∞分别为(218.1±200.7)和(332.0±25.8) ng·h·mL-1;t1/2分别为(2.2±0.4)和(2.2±0.2) h;V分别为(202.9±114.2)和(194.1±24.3) L;CL分别为(63.7±25.4)和(60.6±4.5) L·h-1;MRT0~12分别为(3.4±0.6)和(3.1±0.6)h。结论 两种剂量的清除率、体内滞留时间和药物消除半衰期相近;与给药剂量无关,结果符合线性药动学特征。经体重与剂量校正后各剂量组受试者的药动学参数AUC0-12和AUC0-∞在性别之间无统计学差异。  相似文献   

5.
 目的 研究磷酸川芎嗪(TMPP)鼻用pH敏感型原位凝胶(TMPP凝胶)大鼠血液和脑部药动学。方法 大鼠鼻腔给予TMPP凝胶和TMPP溶液后,利用血液微透析与脑部微透析技术同步进行血液药动学与脑部药动学研究,高效液相色谱法测定并计算透析液中TMPP的浓度,用Kinetica 4.4软件计算药动学参数。结果 两种鼻腔给药制剂在大鼠血液和脑部的药-时曲线均符合二室开放模型,TMPP溶液组和凝胶组血液中的主要药动学参数:tmax分别为(15.0±1.0),(35.0±1.0)min;ρmax分别为(5.857±1.3),(5.848±1.0)μg·mL-1;AUC0~∞分别为(529.9±68.6),(642.7±54.3)μg·min·mL-1。脑部的主要药动学参数:tmax分别为(15.0±1.0),(35.0±1.0)min; ρmax分别为(7.134±0.8),(6.738±1.1)μg·mL-1;AUC0~∞分别为(615.4±71.2),(801.4±67.5)μg·min·mL-1。结论 TMPP凝胶易于通过鼻腔吸收进入脑部,并能起到缓释效应。  相似文献   

6.
 目的 比较米索前列醇不同给药途径(口服、舌下和阴道)药动学特征。方法 采用平行试验设计,30名中国健康女性志愿受试者随机分为3组,分别空腹口服、舌下含服和阴道给予400 μg米索前列醇片,采用液相色谱-串联质谱法测定受试者血浆中米索前列醇活性代谢物米索前列酸的浓度。结果 受试者空腹口服、舌下含服和阴道给药后的主要药动学参数:tmax分别为(0.18±0.05),(0.40 ± 0.14)和(5.05±1.80)h,ρmax 分别为(1 424±380),(783±285)和(302±198) ng·L-1,t1/2分别为(0.61±0.32),(0.82±0.18)和(5.27±4.38)h,AUC0-t分别为(698±138),(824±302)和(1 313±691)ng·h·L-1,AUC0-∞分别为(709±143),(846±306)和(1 816±727)ng·h·L-1。结论 米索前列醇片经不同途径给药后的药动学有较大差异。空腹口服给药后吸收迅速,米索前列酸达峰最快,舌下含服给药tmax略有延长,阴道给药tmax明显滞后。达峰浓度以空腹口服给药最高,舌下含服次之,阴道给药最低。与空腹口服和舌下含服相比,阴道给药AUC最高,但个体差异较大。  相似文献   

7.
富马酸卢帕他定片的人体药动学研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
 目的 通过对健康志愿者口服不同剂量富马酸卢帕他定片后的药动学研究,探讨其在国人体内的药动学特征。方法 12名中国健康志愿者采用随机自身交叉试验设计,口服单剂量富马酸卢帕他定片(10,20,40 mg)。采用高效液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)测定血药浓度。结果 富马酸卢帕他定10,20,40 mg剂量组主要药动学参数如下:ρmax分别为(4.39±1.46)、(15.16±7.71)、(27.04±10.92)μg·L-1;tmax分别为(0.78±0.37)、(0.94±0.38)、(1.14±0.54)h;t1/2分别为(7.23±6.35)、(10.05±6.43)、(11.53±3.14)h, AUC0-tn平均值分别为(14.14±5.28)、(49.28±28.86)、(104.14±45.32) μg·h·L-1;AUC0-∞平均值分别为(15.18±5.84)、(51.59±30.92)、(107.53±46.87)μg·h·L-1。结论 血浆中卢帕他定的ρmax和AUC随给药剂量的增大而增大,显示线性药动学特征。受试者服用10,20,40 mg富马酸卢帕他定片后药动学参数经单因素方差分析有性别差异。  相似文献   

8.
 目的 研究自制溴新斯的明缓释制片与溴新斯的明普通片在兔体内的药动学与相对生物利用度。方法 新西兰兔随机分组,自身交叉对照,单剂量口服45 mg溴新斯的明缓释制片或普通片后,采用高效液相色谱法测定血浆中溴新斯的明药物浓度,计算药动学参数和相对生物利用度。结果 溴新斯的明缓释片与普通片给药后,药动学参数tmax分别为(7.00±1.09)和(1.58±0.38)h;ρmax 分别为(3.42±1.14)和(4.56±1.72)mg·L-1;AUC0-∞分别为(52.97±13.43)和(56.78±12.34)mg·h·L-1;与普通片相比,缓释片的相对生物利用度为(93.3±24.6)%。结论 溴新斯的明缓释片tmax明显延后,ρmax降低,有明显的缓释效果,单次给药后的吸收程度与普通片无统计学差异。  相似文献   

9.
 目的 评价中国男性志愿者口服3种左旋多巴给药方案后的人体稳态药动学和生物等效性。方法 采用液相色谱-质谱/质谱法测定18名健康受试者口服3种左旋多巴制剂后血浆中的左旋多巴浓度。采用WinNonlin药动软件计算药动学参数,并评价其生物等效性。结果 卡左双多巴控释片+恩他卡朋片(测试药1)、多巴丝肼片+恩他卡朋片(测试药2)和卡左双多巴控释片(参比药)的左旋多巴药动学参数AUC0-12分别为(3 657.57±683.27)、(2 365.87±597.81)和(3 017.48±612.99) ng·h·mL-1,实测ρmax为(809.56±128.40)、(742.50±152.81)和(746.83±148.53) ng·mL-1,实测tmax为(2.53±0.50)、(1.42±0.70)和(2.19±0.71) h,MRT0-inf为(6.57±2.15)、(6.04±1.91)和(6.75±2.80) h,t1/2为(2.96±1.04)、(2.72±1.43)和(2.87±1.12) h。以左旋多巴计,测试药1和测试药2与参比药的相对生物利用度分别为(128.77±47.69)%和(80.43±20.11)%。结论 经统计学分析,以左旋多巴计,测试药1、测试药2分别和参比药相比均生物不等效。测试药1、测试药2与参比药的ρmax均生物等效。经非参数秩和检验,与参比药相比,测试药1的tmax无显著差异(P>0.05),测试药2有显著差异(P<0.05),参比药tmax大于测试药2的tmax。  相似文献   

10.
 目的研究葛根总黄酮(TPF)生物黏附性缓释片和普通片在家犬体内的药动学与生物利用度,揭示葛根总黄酮生物黏附性缓释片在家犬体内的药动学变化规律,为临床合理运用该药提供实验依据。方法健康家犬6只,以自身前后交叉对照方式,单剂量分别给予葛根总黄酮生物黏附性缓释片和普通片600mg。葛根素血药浓度经时数据以3P87药动学程序处理,以对两种片剂在家犬体内的动态过程进行拟合。以非室模型统计矩方法,计算药时曲线下面积(AUC0→12),并由血药浓度数据读取cmax,tmax,经统计分析比较普通片与缓释片的生物利用度。结果单剂量给予家犬TPF片及生物黏附片后,葛根素血药浓度变化符合一级吸收一室模型,Ke分别为(0.461±0.115)h-1,(0.238±0.042)h-1;Ka分别为(0.844±0.404)h-1,(0.446±0.100)h-1;t1/2ka分别为(0.954±0.352)h,(1.609±0.292)h,t1/2ke分别为(1.570±0.333)h,(2.995±0.617)h。普通片的AUC0-12,cmax,tmax分别为(4430±998)ng·h·mL-1,(1241±247)ng·mL-1和(2.2±0.6)h。缓释片的AUC0→12,cmaxtmax分别为(6459±738)ng·h·mL-1,(1040±134)ng·mL-1和(4.0±0.7)h。以普通片为参比制剂,缓释片的生物利用度为(151.4±37.6)%。结论葛根总黄酮缓释片在家犬体内表现出较好的缓释特性,主要药动学参数发生了变化,生物黏附片的生物利用度也明显高与普通片。  相似文献   

11.
汤卫国  王奇志  印敏  王鸣  陈雨  张建华  冯煦 《中草药》2014,45(15):2172-2177
目的建立微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)直接稀释测定脉络宁注射液中25种矿物质元素(Mg、Ca、Fe、Cu、Zn、Mn、Al、B、Ba、Co、Cr、K、Li、Mo、Na、Ni、P、Pb、Sr、Th、Ti、V、As、Cd和Hg)的方法。方法分别对微波消解条件和测试条件进行考察;样品经微波消解后,采用电感耦合质谱仪测定25种矿物质元素,并对测定方法学进行考察。结果确定最佳消解条件为3步缓慢升温:400 W 80℃升温10 min,保留5 min;600 W 120℃升温10 min,保留5 min;900 W 200℃升温20 min,保留20 min;25种矿物质元素在各自的线性范围内线性关系良好,r≥0.999 6,精密度、稳定性和重复性试验的RSD均符合定量分析要求;加标回收率为94.7%~106.1%,RSD在0.34%~2.79%。脉络宁注射液中检测出Mg、Ca、Fe、Cu、Zn、Mn、Al、B、Ba、Co、Cr、K、Li、Mo、Na、Ni、P、Pb、Sr、Th、Ti、V,未检出As、Cd和Hg。结论该方法简便、迅速、准确,适用于脉络宁注射液中25种矿物质元素的同时测定。  相似文献   

12.
The disturbance and instability of laterality are obstacles to diagnostics and therapy. Correction prior to starting therapy is required. They also predispose toward defined health problems and unspecific diseases. Numerous research activities provide evidence of the relevance of undisturbed laterality in diagnostics and therapy. Techniques of testing and therapeutic corrections will allow for optimized therapy success.  相似文献   

13.
正Beverages based on Ilex paraguariensis A.St.-Hil.are used in the south Brazil and other Latin American countries located at the so-called southern cone.It is known as chimarro or mate in south and southeast Brazil,tererêin  相似文献   

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The Journal of Acupuncture and Tuina Science, a journal with an international scope (IS SN 1672-3597, CN 31-1908/R, Bimonthly), is embodied by 'Springer Verlag' Database, Index Copernicus (IC) and Chinese Scientific and Technical Paper and Citations Data (CSTPCD). You can search full text on http://www, springerlink, com/content/1672 -3597.  相似文献   

16.
This paper deals with an interdisciplinary study covering historic, botanical, phytochemical, pharmacological and clinical aspects of rhubarb and related species, to lay stress on the correlation between plant phylogeny, chemical constituents and purgative activity.

It was found that the official rhubarbs were exclusively restricted in the Sect. Palmata e.g. Rheum palmatum R. palmatum var. tanguticum R. officinale; the following criteria may serve as their standard, viz., the presence of sennoside derivatives and rhein, the occurrence of the reduced form of rhein and aloe-emodin, the leaves with any kind of palmate incision. Comprehensive multivariate analyses showed that there is a very close relationship between the leaf incision, existence of sennosides or rhein and purgative activity.  相似文献   


17.
目的 通过电感耦合等离子体质谱(inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry,ICP-MS)法建立加味左金丸中Cd、Pb、As、Hg、Co、V、Ni、Cu、Li、Sb、Ba、Mo、Sn、Cr、Na、Mg、Al、Ca、Ti、Mn、Fe、Zn、Ga、Se、Sr、Tl共计26种无机元素的测定方法。方法 加味左金丸通过微波消解法处理后,根据相对分子质量的大小选择内标物,其中7Li、23Na、24Mg、27Al、40Ca、48Ti、51V、52Cr、55Mn、56Fe、58Ni、59Co、63Cu、66Zn、70Ga、75As、77Se、86Sr以72Ge作为内标;95Mo、114Cd、118Sn、121Sb、137Ba以115In作为内标;202Hg、205Tl、208Pb以209Bi作为内标。对标准品溶液、空白溶液与供试品溶液进行分析,采用标准曲线法进行定量分析。通过ICP-MS法进行测定。结果 26种无机元素线性的相关系数r ≥ 0.999 6,检出限为0.001~1.500μg/L,定量限为0.01~5.00 μg/L,精密度与重复性试验的RSD均小于5%,平均回收率在82.64%~106.44%,RSD均小于5%。对3个厂家的12批样品进行了测定,26种元素的含量差异较大,其中Na、Mg、Ca、Fe 4种元素的含量比较高,均大于500 μg/g,Cd、Pb、As、Hg、Co、Li、Sb、Mo、Sn、Cr、Se、Tl的含量比较低,均小于1 μg/g。由结果可知,人体的常量元素,如Na、Mg、Ca的含量比较高,Cd、Pb、As、Hg等有害元素含量比较低。根据《中国药典》2020年版一部的要求,本品中Cd、Pb、As、Hg与Cu均符合规定。结论 该方法快速、准确,可以用于加味左金丸中无机元素的测定。  相似文献   

18.

Background

At present, the state-of-the-art medication in treating idiopathic taste disorder (gustatory dysfunction) is zinc. If zinc medication was unsuccessful, not tolerated or if it is contraindicated the persons affected can hardly be helped.

Objectives

In a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial an attempt was made to determine the efficacy of acupuncture.

Methods

The treatment group was treated with acupuncture needles, the placebo group with an inactive acupuncture-laser. Endpoints of the study were changes in the taste test, the quality of life and the severity of symptoms of depression (BDI) as well as mood changes (ZMS). Satisfaction with the success of the respective therapy was also evaluated. Data were collected before and after therapy and again for the treatment group 10 weeks after completion of the treatment period.

Findings

Treatment with real acupuncture showed a significant improvement in gustatory function as well as a significant improvement in psychological symptoms. Greater satisfaction with the treatment results was evident in the treatment group. The treatment results of acupuncture remained stable over a period of ten weeks after completion of the treatment.

Conclusion

Acupuncture was effective in the therapy of idiopathic taste disorders and therefore it is an effective alternative when zinc medication is not tolerated or unsuccessful. But it is also suitable as a therapy of first choice. Acupuncture can be considered as an extension of the therapeutic spectrum in the difficult treatment of taste disorders.  相似文献   

19.
A girl, three and a half years old at the respective date, premature in 25th week of gestation, had been presented. On day three after birth, she had had a IVH III° right and left with severe involvement of parenchyma and other multiple complications, e. a. infant respiratory distress syndrome up to the 42nd day postpartum, and epileptic attacks with apnoeic events.  相似文献   

20.

Background

Experimental and clinical studies postulate a neurobiological mechanism of acupuncture by modulating central pain systems, neurohormones and -transmitters. It seems to be quite likely that the autonomic nervous system (ANS) plays an important mediating role in this neuromodulation.

Aim

In measuring heart rate variability (HRV), as a non-invasive approach to the ANS-function, the object of this study was to monitor probable acupuncture-induced changes of autonomic balance. The innovative technology of laser-needle acupuncture offers for the first time a stimulation method which fulfils the demands on a placebo-controlled acupuncture trial not requiring controversial sham acupuncture.

Method

19 healthy voluntary subjects underwent 3 treatments in randomized sequence, consisting of placebo-, 1-point- (PC 6) and simultaneous 3-point- (PC 6, LR 3, SI 3) laser-needle-stimulation over 20 minutes. Before, during and after placebo-/verum laser-needle acupuncture, HRV-data for normalized HF(high frequency)- and LF(low frequency)-Power (nHF, nLF) and their quotient nLF/nHF obtained by power spectrum analysis (FFT), were measured and analyzed statistically at 5 different time points (ANOVA repeated measures, p < 0,05).

Results

During both verum applications, the 1-point- (PC 6) as well as the simultaneous 3-point- (PC 6, LR 3, SI 3) laser-needle stimulation, significant changes of the ANS-activity were found in comparison to the placebo application. The most significant modification of HRV was an increase of nHF (p < 0,05 (PC 6), p < 0,0001 (PC 6, LR 3, SI 3)) as an expression of growing vagal activity during acupuncture.

Conclusion

Laser-needle acupuncture causes in 1-point-stimulation (PC 6) as well as in simultaneous 3-point-stimulation (PC 6, LR 3, SI 3) significant changes in HRV in comparison to placebo application. HRV-monitoring seems to be a suitable approach in exploration of acupuncture-induced changes of ANS and could possibly be established in combination with laser needle acupuncture as a standard for further scientific and clinical acupuncture investigations which are greatly needed.  相似文献   

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