上海市北新泾街道60岁及以上人群盲和视力损伤的现况调查

Objective To investigate the prevalence rate of blindness and low vision and the leading cause of blindness in residents aged ≥60 years in Beixinjing blocks, Shanghai. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out by Shanghai First People's Hospital, affiliated Shanghai Jiaotong University and Shanghai Beixinjing Community hospital from November 2007 to April 2008. Randomly cluster sampling method was used ,and all the individuals aged ≥60 years in 8 communities from Beixinjing blocks, Shanghai was enrolled in this study. The pinhole visual acuity and presenting visual acuity were measured separately in each eye. External eye, anterior segment and ocular fundus were examined by the ophthalmologist using slit lamp-microscopes, direct ophthalmoscopy and non-mydriatic digital camara. Assigned ophthalmolngic doctors assured the leading blind causes of every blind person. The survey was preceded by a pilot study where operational methods were refined and quality assurance evaluation was carried out. Results 3851 individuals were examined, and the response rate was 92. 73%. According to WHO diagnostic criteria: 29 persons were diagnosed as blindness, 11 male (37.93%) and 18 female (62.07%). 104 persons were diagnosed as low vision, 37 male (35. 58% ) and 67 female (64. 42% ) . The prevalence rates of blindness and low vision were 0. 75% and 2. 70%. The leading causes of blindness were macular degeneration, cataract, corneal diseases, and retinal detachment According to presenting vision diagnostic criteria: 61 persons were diagnosed as severe binocular blindness, 20 male (32. 79% ) and 41 female (67. 21% ) . 66 persons were diagnosed as slight binocular blindness, 27 male (40. 91% ) and 39 female (59. 09% ) . 276 persons were diagnosed as monocular blindness, 120 male (43.48%) and 156 female (56. 52% ). The prevalence of severe binocular blindness, slight binocular blindness and monocular blindness was 1.58% , 1.71% and 7. 17%, respectively. The leading causes of blindness were macular degeneration, cataract, ametropia and corneal diseases. Conclusion The leading cause of blindness was macular degeneration. The prevalence of degenerative retinopathy in this area is on the rise.     

高度近视的矫正视力

One handred and seven patients with bilateral or unilateral high myopiawere discussed about their corrected visual acuity,changes of fundus andrefractive conditions.Close connections among the three factors werefound.The three courses in the development of high myopia were describedaccording to relation between corrected visual acuity and refractive degree.It can help us understand high myopia better and may be valuable in seekinga effective way to prevent the devecopment of the disease.     

转甲状腺素蛋白作为高度近视血清潜在分子标记物的研究

Objective To observe the abnormal expression of transthyretin in serum and vitreous of high myopia patients.Methods 116 patients(50 males and 66 females)with high myopia,diagnosed by retinoscopic reflex,slit-lamp microscope,indirect ophthalmoscope and Iol-Master,were enrolled.The patients had an average age of(49.7±12.3)years and average diopter of(-10±4.2)D.The control group had 86 healthy individuals(42 males and 44 females)with an average age of(48.5±10.5)years.According to the findings of indirect ophthalmoscope and optical coherence tomography(OCT)examination,the patients were classified as foveal detachment,macular hole,choroidal neovascularization,epimacular membrane.retinal scar and no significant pathological changes.2 ml peripheral blood samples were taken from all the subjects.The vitreous samples of high myopia patients with foveal detachment and macular hole (20 patients.20 eyes)were collected before pars plana vitrectomy.LTQ-MASS was performed on 16 serum samples of patients and 16 control serum samples.Western blot and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)were used to detect serum transthyretin expression in high myopia groups(n=100)and control group(n=80).Vitreous samples(n=20)and corresponding serum samples were further analyzed by ELlSA.Meanwhile,the relationship between visual acuity after surgery and transthyretin expression level in vitreous were analyzed.Results LTQ-MASS detected 4 proteins differentially expressed in the serum of patients and control group,transthyretin was the most significantly increased protein in high myopia patients.Western blot validated that serum transthyretin of high myopia group was much higher than that of the control group(t=3.68,P＜0.05).High myopia patients with macular hole and macular detachment had much higher serum and vitreous transthyretin than that of control group(F=9.28,P＜0.01).Patients with higher vitreous transthyretin had better postoperative visual acuity.Conclusions The transthyretin level increases significantly in serum and vitreous of high myopia patients,and it correlated with ocular pathologies and visual outcomes.     

转甲状腺素蛋白作为高度近视血清潜在分子标记物的研究

Objective To observe the abnormal expression of transthyretin in serum and vitreous of high myopia patients.Methods 116 patients(50 males and 66 females)with high myopia,diagnosed by retinoscopic reflex,slit-lamp microscope,indirect ophthalmoscope and Iol-Master,were enrolled.The patients had an average age of(49.7±12.3)years and average diopter of(-10±4.2)D.The control group had 86 healthy individuals(42 males and 44 females)with an average age of(48.5±10.5)years.According to the findings of indirect ophthalmoscope and optical coherence tomography(OCT)examination,the patients were classified as foveal detachment,macular hole,choroidal neovascularization,epimacular membrane.retinal scar and no significant pathological changes.2 ml peripheral blood samples were taken from all the subjects.The vitreous samples of high myopia patients with foveal detachment and macular hole (20 patients.20 eyes)were collected before pars plana vitrectomy.LTQ-MASS was performed on 16 serum samples of patients and 16 control serum samples.Western blot and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)were used to detect serum transthyretin expression in high myopia groups(n=100)and control group(n=80).Vitreous samples(n=20)and corresponding serum samples were further analyzed by ELlSA.Meanwhile,the relationship between visual acuity after surgery and transthyretin expression level in vitreous were analyzed.Results LTQ-MASS detected 4 proteins differentially expressed in the serum of patients and control group,transthyretin was the most significantly increased protein in high myopia patients.Western blot validated that serum transthyretin of high myopia group was much higher than that of the control group(t=3.68,P＜0.05).High myopia patients with macular hole and macular detachment had much higher serum and vitreous transthyretin than that of control group(F=9.28,P＜0.01).Patients with higher vitreous transthyretin had better postoperative visual acuity.Conclusions The transthyretin level increases significantly in serum and vitreous of high myopia patients,and it correlated with ocular pathologies and visual outcomes.     

Stereopsis after Implantation of Intraocular Lens in Patients under 40 Years Old with Unilateral Cataract

 PURPOSE:To investigate the stereopsis after single focus intraocular lens (SIOL) implantation in patients aged <40 years with unilateral cataract. METHODS:In total, 36 patients (36 eyes) were divided into emmetropia and myopia groups. Twenty seven subjects with good uncorrected distance visual acuity (UCDVA) after surgery were enrolled in the emmetropia group. The myopia group consisted of 9 subjects whose one eye had mild myopia postoperatively and the other was emmetropic or myopic. Visual acuity, distance and near stereoacuity were measured post-operatively. RESULTS:In the emmetropia group, uncorrected near visual acuity (UCNVA) did not differ significantly between eyes (t=1.87, P>0.05). The LogMAR UCNVA of the operated and fellow eyes were (0.71±0.12) and (-0.05±0.07, t = 28.4, P<0.001) respectively. Distance stereoacuity was 60"; the near stereoacuity with uncorrected visual acuity and BCNVA in the operated eyes were 200" and 30" respectively (Z=－4.121, P<0.001). In the myopia group, the BCDVA did not differ significantly between the operated and fellow eyes (t =-0.636, P>0.05). The UCNVA of the operated eyes (0.18±0.12) was significantly better compared with that of the fellow eyes (-0.04±0.10, t = 4.2252, P<0.001). The distance stereoacuity with uncorrected visual acuity and BCDVA in the operated eyes were 200" and 60" respectively (Z =-2.371, P<0.05). The near stereoacuity with uncorrected visual acuity was 50". CONCLUSION:For patients with unilateral cataract aged <40 years, stereopsis is closely associated with refractive status after IOL implantation. Near stereoacuity in emmetropic eyes can be improved with refraction, and that in mildly myopic eyes can be enhanced by leaving myopia uncorrected.     

The Visual Deprivation and Increase in Axial Length in Patients with Cataracts

Purpose: To investigate the relationship between axial myopia and visual deprivation in patients with cataracts in their youth.Methods: Forty myopic eyes of 25 cases had long deprivation of form vision due to cataracts during their youth. The axial length was measured by A-Scan ultrasound.Results: The axial length is 2-6mm (mean: 3. 7mm) longer than the other eyes in 10 patients with unilateral cataracts. Fifteen cases with bilateral cataracts had 25-29mm of axial length (mean of the right eyes 26-8mm and the left eyes: 26. 7mm). Six cases with unilateral cataract had traumatic histotry at age from 2-9 years (mean: 5. 1 years) and the duration of visual deprivation due to cataract was from 8 to 30 years (mean; 12 years). Thirteen cases with dilateral congenital cataract had 17- 4 years(from 3 to 37 years) of visual deprivation. Concusion: The deprivation of form vision due to cataracts in childhood leads to in crease in axial length and myopia. Eye Science 1996; 12: 135- 137.     

Eleven-year Experience with Radial Keratotomy

1 900 consecutive eyes that underwent radial keratotomy by the senior author were evaluated retrospectively. 3 months after surgery, minimum reduction in mean spherical equivalent of 0. 67D was achieved with 1 incision and maximum 7. 250 with 24 incisions. Unconnected visual acuity of 20/40 or better was obtained in 99. 4% of eyes with low myopia, 64. 2% with moderate myopia and 32. 4% with high myopia. For anisometropia, bilateral RK reduced refractive error from -12. 12D to -5. 22D in more myopic eyes and -8. 18D to -3. 4D in less myopic eyes and unilateral surgeries reduced refractive error from -9. 45D to -3. 85D. Anisometropia after surgery became clinically and physically acceptable and aniseikonia was significantly improved. No vision threatening complications occurred. Our results indicate that radial keratotomy is a relatively safe and effective surgical procedure for myopia. Eye Science 1994;10: 6-12.     

The Etiology of Vision Impairment in Target Population

Purpose: research the etiology of vision impairment in target persons over 45 years old in Doumen county , Guangdong province.Methods: Depending on the prevalences of the blindness among the person aged over 50 years, the theoretic sample rate is 1 000/4 8733×100%=2. 05%. The 8 districts were divided into 3 parts according to the local economic situation and the proportion of the population in the areas. In fact, the sampling rate is 932/ 10055 = 88.34%.Results:W'e found that impairment <0. 3 accounted for 10. 94%. The prevalence of bilateral blindness and low vision was 1. 61% and 3. 22%, respectively. Both prevalences of blindness and low vision were increased with age. The leading cuase of blindness was cataract (45. 2%). The second was corneal opacity (16. 7% ). Prevalentces of the low vision and the blindness were higher in females than in males (P<0. 005).Conclusions: Curable and preventable diseases were the leading cause for the blindness (70%). Prevalences of blindness and the low vision incre     

Population-based survey of prevalence, causes, and risk factors for blindness and visual impairment in an aging Chinese metropolitan population

AIM: To assess the prevalence, causes, and risk factors for blindness and visual impairment among elderly (>60 years of age) Chinese people in a metropolitan area of Shanghai, China. METHODS: Random cluster sampling was conducted to identify participants among residents ≥60 years of age living in the Xietu Block, Xuhui District, Shanghai, China. Presenting visual acuity (PVA) and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were checked by the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) visual chart. All eligible participants underwent a comprehensive eye examination. Blindness and visual impairment were defined according to World Health Organization (WHO) criteria. RESULTS: A total of 4190 persons (1688 men and 2502 women) participated in the study, and the response rate was 91.1%. Based on PVA, the prevalence of blindness was 1.1% and that of visual impairment was 7.6%. Based on BCVA, the prevalence of blindness and visual impairment decreased to 0.9% and 3.9%, respectively. Older (>80 years of age) women, with low educational levels and smoking habits, exhibited a significantly greater chance for blindness and visual impairment than did those with high educational levels and no smoking habits (P<0.05). Based on PVA and BCVA, the main causes of blindness were cataract, myopic maculopathy, and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). CONCLUSION: Our findings help to identify the population in need of intervention, to highlight the need for additional eye healthcare services in urban China.     

Comparison on visual function after implantation of an apodized diffractive aspheric multifocal or monofocal intraocular lens

 Purpose: To evaluate visual outcomes after implantation of an aspheric multifocal/ intraocular lens (MIOL) or an aspheric monofocal intraocular lens (IOL). Methods: This was a prospective nonrandomized study. During 3-months of post-operative follow-up, the following outcomes for SN6AD1 MIOL (multifocal group) and SN60WF IOL (monofocal group) were compared: uncorrected (UDVA) and corrected (CDVA) distance visual acuity, uncorrected (UNVA) and distance-corrected (DCNVA) near visual acuity, Chinese character near visual acuity, uncorrected intermediate visual acuity (UIVA) under high (100% contrast) and low contrast (10% contrast), UIVA for different IOL powers, and a quality-of-life questionnaire. Results: UNVA, DCNVA, and UIVA under high contrast in the multifocal group were significantly better than those in the monofocal group (P＜0.05). UDVA, CDVA and UIVA under low contrast did not differ between groups at 63 cm and 100 cm (P＞0.05). In most of the cases, Chinese character near visual acuity was significantly better in the multifocal group (P＜0.05). UNVA and UIVA at 63cm were improved 3 months post-operatively. Better UIVA was found in emmetropic and mild myopic eyes as compared to hyperopic ones. The patients in the multifocal group had a higher degree of satisfaction and performed better on near and intermediate tasks, although with greater complaints of visual disturbance.    Conclusion: The SN6AD1 MIOL provides significantly better UNVA, DCNVA and UIVA under high contrast conditions, and better Chinese character near visual acuity. Patients receiving the SN6AD1 MIOL reported a better quality of vision in spite of more serious visual disturbances. Better UIVA was observed in emmetropic and mildly myopic eyes.     

正确认识和掌握高度近视黄斑病变的诊疗方法,减少高度近视患者视功能损害

以近视眼中心凹劈裂、黄斑裂孔及黄斑裂孔性视网膜脱离、近视性脉络膜新生血管为代表的高度近视黄斑病变是影响高度近视患者视功能的主要原因之一.光相干断层扫描检查有助于提升高度近视黄斑病变的认知水平.选择合适的手术时机,解除玻璃体后皮质和内界膜对视网膜的牵拉,有利于恢复视网膜的弹性,使近视眼中心凹劈裂消失.促进黄斑裂孔的闭合和视网膜复位;而抗新生血管药物与光动力疗法和(或)糖皮质激素联合应用,则是治疗近视性脉络膜新生血管的发展方向.正确认识和掌握高度近视黄斑病变的诊疗方法 和时机,采取针对性的干预措施.使其能够得到合理有效的治疗,是进一步减少高度近视患者视功能损害的关键.     

去炎松对玻璃体切除兔眼视网膜电图和超微结构的影响

3组12只兔双眼行玻璃体切除术，分别于一眼玻璃体内注入0.5、1.0，2.0mg去炎松悬液，另一眼注入眼用平衡盐液．观察术后28天内眼底及ERGb波和28天时视网膜结构的变化．注入各剂量的去炎松在28天时均未完全吸收，0.5、1 .0mg组用药眼ERGb波在各时间点与对照眼及术前无显著差异(P>0.05)；2.0mg组用药眼较术前无显著差异(P>0.05)，较对照眼有轻度升高(t=3.3589，P>0.05)．光镜及电镜下视网膜结构无损害．表明玻璃体切除后使用有效剂量的去炎松对视网膜仍是安全的． （中华眼底病杂志，1996，12：105-107）     

后巩膜加固术治疗高度近视黄斑裂孔性视网膜脱离

目的：探讨改进的后巩膜加固术对高度近视黄斑裂孔性视网膜脱离的治疗效果。 方法：1993年3月至1995年11月对住院的20例高度近视黄斑裂孔性视网膜脱离患者的20只眼，采用后巩膜加固术治疗，有关临床资料进行回顾分析。 结果：眼轴可对比的14只眼，术前与出院时的均值为28.22mm与26.87mm，17只眼视网膜复位，获得0.02一0.2的矫正视力，3只眼失败，增殖性玻璃体视网膜病变(proliferative vitreous retinopathy，PVR)加重。 结论：后巩膜加固术可有效治疗无严重PVR的高度近视黄斑裂孔所致的视网膜脱离，不必采用视网膜粘连法以尽量保存残留的中心视力。 （中华眼底病杂志，1996，12：214-216）     

Coats病19例临床病理观察

目的：观察Coats病的临床及病理改变。 方法：复习本院眼科病理室1959—1994年经病理学证实的19例Coats病患者的临床资料和病理切片。 结果：男14例，女5例，年龄为1~18岁，10岁前发病者男性明显多于女性，随年龄增长，性别差异逐渐减少。病理改变主要是视网膜外层血管扩张充血，血管壁厚薄不均及结缔组织增生。晚期病例眼底多见视网膜脱离隆起，表面有血管改变和出血，视网膜下液中有泡沫细胞和胆固醇结晶，有的病例视网膜外层有钙化及骨化。 结论：Coats病是视网膜血管病变引起的视网膜多种病理变化，视网膜下液细胞学检查可作为本病与视网膜母细胞瘤鉴别诊断的可靠方法。 （中华眼底病杂志，1996，12：157-159）     

兔视网膜中蛋白激酶C的定位研究

目的：证实兔视网膜中有α、β和γ三种蛋白激酶C(protein kinase C，PKC)亚型的分布。方法；采用免疫组织化学技术，以抗PKC同功酶I(α)、Ⅱ(β)、Ⅲ(γ)单克隆抗体对兔视网膜进行PKC同功酶定位研究。 结果：兔视网膜中有PKC-α、PKC-β和PKC-γ的阳性免疫反应。PKC-α免疫反应主要呈现在内核层的双极细胞；PKC-β免疫反应主要呈现在神经节细胞层的神经节细胞；PKC-γ则在神经节细胞层、内网状层以及光感受器的外节呈弥漫性弱阳性染色。 结论：作为中枢神经系统的一部分，视网膜可以同时存在PKC-α、PKC-β和PKC-γ三种亚型。 （中华眼底病杂志，1996，12：242-244）     

病理性近视黄斑劈裂光相干断层扫描图像分型及其对临床的指导意义

病理性近视黄斑劈裂光相干断层扫描(OCT)的类组织学分型可以分为单纯外层劈裂、外层和中层劈裂、外层和内层劈裂、多层劈裂4种情况.以彻底清除玻璃体后皮质及后部血管弓内的内界膜为重点的玻璃体视网手术是治疗病理性近视黄斑劈裂的主要选择.其中,单纯外层劈裂合并中心凹脱离者,手术后视功能改善较明显;而多层劈裂者视功能改善有限或不改善.合理剥除后皮质与内界膜起始点,应在未发生内层劈裂处.正确认识和了解病理性近视黄斑劈裂的OCT分型.对于选择玻璃体视网膜手术方式和判断治疗预后有积极意义.     

前后段联合手术及硅油填充治疗高度近视黄斑孔视网膜脱离的疗效观察

目的 观察前后段联合手术及硅油充填治疗高度近视黄斑孔视网膜脱离临床疗效.方法 回顾分析前后段联合手术及硅油充填治疗高度近视黄斑孔视网膜脱离患者48例48只眼的临床资料.患者均有高度近视史,视网膜脱离以后极部为主.裂隙灯前置镜和(或)光相干断层扫描(OCT)检查均发现黄斑裂孔.均行白内障超声乳化或抽吸联合玻璃体切割硅油充填,41例行内界膜(ILM)剥离,23例植入人工晶状体(10L).硅油取出的时间距第一次手术时间为3.5～48.0个月.取硅油前均行OCT检查.取硅油后随访观察均1年以上.结果 除5例外,其他患者手术后1周,前置镜检查均不能看到黄斑孔边缘;视力均有不同程度的提高.48例患者全部已取硅油.取硅油前OCT检查,黄斑孔愈合呈U型8例,V型为6例,W型为23例;未闭合11例.未闭合的11例经取硅油与膨胀气体充填后全部复位,其中,U型2例,W型9例.32例W型愈合者中2例患者在取油后13、38个月后出现视网膜脱离复发.最终黄斑裂孔U型和V型愈合者16例,占33.3%;W型愈合者32例,占66.7%.视网膜复位率为100.0%.结论前后段联合手术及硅油充填是治疗高度近视黄斑孔视网膜脱离的有效方法 ;OCT检查是确定黄斑孔是否封闭的客观标准.     

全氟萘烷液在眼内应用的实验研究

目的 探讨全氟萘烷(PFDL)在眼内存留不同时期眼组织结构、电生理改变及相关损伤机制.方法 选择白兔前房及玻璃腔内填充不同数量的PFDL,分别于术后6h、24h、72h、7d、30d、60d,对角膜和视网膜进行透射电镜检查,及角膜内皮镜和电生理检查.结果 术后24h到术后7d,观察到的病理改变为细胞水肿等变性反应;术后第30d、60d出现角膜内皮细胞密度显著下降,b波的振幅显著降低,角膜上皮及实质细胞坏死,细胞内质网扩张、脱颗粒,视网膜感光细胞膜盘变性、萎缩和坏死,细胞间及神经纤维层树突水肿等严重的不可逆的病理改变,在角膜内皮细胞和视网膜感光细胞发现有髓磷体的存在.结论 PFDL在眼内存留24h以上对视网膜及角膜有一定的毒性作用,其毒性作用机制与PFDL的重力压迫作用、产生自由基和PFDL破坏组织细胞的能量代谢有关,临床上不宜作眼内长期填充物.     

脉络膜黑色素瘤组织病理学分析

目的 观察脉络膜黑色素瘤的组织病理学特征。 方法 回顾分析64例病理确诊的脉络膜黑色素瘤病理资料。按照美国眼黑色素瘤多中心研究组的测量方法和WHO的分类标准，测量和观察大体标本中的肿瘤大小和光学显微镜下的肿瘤细胞学类型；以肿瘤前缘累及部位对肿瘤所处位置进行分类；以肿瘤细胞向外浸润程度对肿瘤蔓延程度进行分级。 结果 64例脉络膜黑色素瘤中，大肿瘤25例，占39.1%；中等大小肿瘤31例，占48.4%；小肿瘤8例，占12.5%。梭形细胞型42例，占65.6%,其中，梭形细胞A型15例,占23.4%，梭形细胞B型27例,占42.3%;上皮样细胞型7例,占10.9%;混合型10例,占15.6%;其它型5例,占7.8%。肿瘤细胞未累及巩膜者25例,占39.1%;累及巩膜但限于巩膜层内者22例,占34.4%;穿透巩膜全层达眼球表面者12例,占18.7%;眶内浸润者5例,占7.8%。 结论 脉络膜黑色素瘤组织病理学特征变化多样，临床上以梭形细胞型最常见，易伴巩膜浸润。 (中华眼底病杂志, 2006, 22: 161-165)     

视网膜内界膜剥离手术治疗高度近视黄斑裂孔视网膜脱离的疗效观察

目的 观察视网膜内界膜剥离治疗高度近视黄斑裂孔视网膜脱离的疗效. 方法 回顾分析25例25只眼高度近视黄斑裂孔伴视网膜脱离患者的临床资料.根据治疗方法 分为2组,A组为单纯玻璃体切割手术,13例13只眼;B组为玻璃体切割手术加吲哚青绿染色内界膜剥离,12例12只眼.所有患者行惰性气体填充,手术后保持面朝下体位7～15 d.观察最佳矫正分辨角对数(LogMAR)视力,检查眼底,光相干断层扫描(OCT)、B型超声检查视网膜复位及黄斑裂孔闭合情况,比较两组间疗效差异.手术后随访6～18个月,平均随访时间10个月. 结果 A组13只眼中,7只眼手术后视网膜复位,占53.8%;B组12只眼中,11只眼手术后视网膜复位,占91.7%.B组视网膜复位率明显优于A组(X2=4.427,P=0.046);25只眼中,手术后黄斑裂孔闭合者17只眼,占68.0%.其中,A组13只眼中,6只眼黄斑裂孔闭合,占A组患者的46.2%;B组12只眼中,11只眼黄斑裂孔闭合,占B组患者的91.7%.两组患者手术后黄斑裂孔闭合率比较,差异有统计学意义(X2=5.940,P=0.020).A组手术后最佳矫正LogMAR视力提高平均0.32,与手术前比较,差异有统计学意义(Z=-2.045,P=0.041),B组手术后最佳矫正LogMAR视力提高平均0.53,与手术前比较,差异有统计学意义(Z=-2.481,P=0.012).两组间手术后视力差异无统计学意义(U=51.5,P=0.16). 结论玻璃体切割联合视网膜内界膜剥离手术可能通过完全解除玻璃体黄斑牵引、增加视网膜顺应性而提高高度近视黄斑裂孔视网膜脱离的治疗效果.显著增加视网膜复位率及黄斑裂孔闭合率.