儿童青少年脂肪细胞因子等指标与超重和肥胖关系研究

目的 探讨儿童青少年的脂肪细胞因子等指标与超重和肥胖的关系。方法 调查儿童青少年827人,测量其身高、体重和血压,检测血糖、血脂、空腹胰岛素、瘦素、脂联素、肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)、胰岛素样生长因子1(insulin-like growth factor 1,IGF-1)等指标,比较超重与肥胖组和正常组的差异,分析其与超重和肥胖的关联性。结果 超重与肥胖儿童青少年的胰岛素抵抗、血压升高,血脂异常患病率高于正常组,调整性别和年龄分期因素后,其体重指数(body mass index,BMI)、收缩压(systolic blood pressure,SBP)、舒张压(diastolic blood pressure,DBP)、甘油三酯(triglyceride,TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C)、载脂蛋白(apolipoprotein, Apo)B、瘦素和TNF-α水平仍高于正常组,与BMI呈正相关(r分别为0.419、0.304、0.249、0.151、0.148、0.432和0.157),而高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C)和脂联素含量则低于正常人群,并与BMI呈负相关(r分别为-0.112和-0.182),差异和相关均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多元线性回归分析得到由瘦素、TNF-α、SBP、IGF-1和年龄因素构成的回归方程可解释BMI信息量的51.2%(F=172.440,P<0.001)。结论 超重与肥胖儿童青少年易发生胰岛素抵抗、血压升高,血脂异常等改变,瘦素、TNF-α和IGF-1与儿童青少年的超重和肥胖有关,可能参与超重和肥胖的发生发展。     

利津县中青年超重和肥胖与高血压及高同型半胱胺酸血症相关性的研究

目的通过观察利津县中青年体质量指数(BMI)、血压及血清同型半胱胺酸(HCY)水平,探讨中青年超重和肥胖与高血压及高HCY血症的相关性。方法选择利津县750例健康查体的中青年,计算BMI、监测血压及检测血清HCY(采用循环酶法)水平,根据分组情况进行统计学分析。结果①750例中青年超重和肥胖的检出率为43.20%,其中超重31.07%、肥胖12.13%;男性超重和/或肥胖的检出率均明显高于女性(P<0.01)。②750例中青年高血压及高HCY血症的检出率分别为17.07%、9.73%;超重和肥胖者分别为28.09%(91/324)和19.75%(64/324),分别显著高于正常组(P<0.01);超重组、肥胖组分别显著高于正常组(P<0.01);肥胖组也分别显著高于超重组(P<0.01)。③血压(收缩压、舒张压)及血清HCY水平与BMI值呈显著正相关(r=0.639、0.515、0.497,P<0.01),其相关性良好。结论利津县中青年尤其是男性超半数存在超重或肥胖,高血压及高HCY血症与BMI相关,超重和肥胖者高血压及高HCY血症的发生率高,应积极防治高血压及高HCY血症。     

京津冀地区不同营养状况中小学生身体素质和生理功能比较

  目的  了解京津冀地区不同营养状况儿童青少年身体素质和生理功能水平及其相关性,为儿童青少年体质健康促进和干预提供参考和帮助。  方法  2019年9—12月,以班级为单位采用分层整群抽样方法,在京津冀地区对4 424名7~18岁中小学生进行营养状况、身体素质和生理功能指标测试。  结果  中小学生消瘦、正常、超重肥胖检出率分别为7.93%,67.36%,24.71%。不同营养状况男生心率、收缩压、舒张压、肺活量体重指数、握力体重指数、斜身引体/引体向上、立定跳远、50 m跑、1 000 m跑、体能指数水平相比较,差异均有统计学意义(Z值分别为9.6,55.2,118.6,332.5,122.8,15.6,49.5,47.5,12.6,113.5,P值均＜0.01);不同营养状况女生心率、收缩压、舒张压、肺活量体重指数、握力体重指数、1 min仰卧起坐、立定跳远、50 m跑、800 m跑、体能指数水平相比较,差异均有统计学意义(Z值分别为33.9,24.5,46.5,262.5,102.6,32.5,27.5,33.6,27.6,51.6,P值均＜0.01)。男生体质量指数与收缩压、舒张压、50 m跑、1 000 m跑呈正相关(r值分别为0.27,0.31,0.14,0.16),与心率、肺活量体重指数、握力体重指数、斜身引体/引体向上、立定跳远、体能指数呈负相关(r值分别为-0.07,-0.62,-0.41,-0.21,-0.35,-0.29)(P值均＜0.05);女生体质量指数与收缩压、舒张压、800 m跑呈正相关(r值分别为0.21,0.27,0.22),与心率、肺活量体重指数、握力体重指数、体能指数呈负相关(r值分别为-0.12,-0.49,-0.32,-0.18)(P值均 < 0.05)。  结论  京津冀地区儿童青少年营养状况与身体素质和生理功能存在相关,超重肥胖者身体素质和生理功能较低。应有效控制超重肥胖的发生,以更好促进身体素质和生理功能发展。     

深圳市中小学生血压与体质量指数的关系

探讨深圳市中小学生血压与体质量指数(BMI)的关系,为高血压的早期预防提供参考.方法 抽取深圳市小学、初中、高中各10所共40 989名学生为研究对象,对学生身高、体重和血压数据进行测量和分析.结果 高血压检出率达12.49%,高收缩压和高舒张压检出率分别为9.07%和5.70%.不同营养状况学生高血压、高收缩压、高舒张压检出率差异均有统计学意义(X2值分别为340.630,668.535,101.548,P值均<0.01),肥胖学生高血压、高收缩压和高舒张压检出率均最高,分别为23.79%,19.72%和9.61%;营养正常学生高血压、高收缩压和高舒张压检出率分别为10.67%,7.38%和5.15%.相关性分析显示,不同性别学段学生收缩压、舒张压均与BMI呈正相关(P值均<0.01).结论 深圳市中小学生血压状况不容乐观,血压与BMI存在正相关,应多关注超重肥胖儿童的血压状况.     

Vascular structure and function in women: relationship with body mass index

BACKGROUND: The purpose of the present study was to compare endothelial function in lean (body mass index [BMI]=18.0-24.9 kg/m2); overweight (BMI=25-29.9 kg/m2); and obese (BMI>30 kg/m2), healthy, eumenorrheic women. METHODS: Eighteen lean, 22 overweight, and 19 obese eumenorrheic middle-aged women were studied. Vascular structure and function were assessed via non-invasive ultrasound imaging of the carotid and brachial arteries. Body composition, blood pressure, fasting blood lipids, glucose, and insulin also were measured. RESULTS: The groups demonstrated significantly (p<0.001) different mean values for total body, lean body, and fat masses. The obese group demonstrated significantly (p<0.05) elevated fasting glucose and insulin levels and lower high-density lipoprotein levels as compared to the lean group. The overweight group also demonstrated elevated fasting glucose levels as compared to the lean group (p<0.05) with no significant difference from the obese group. Only systolic blood pressure differed among the three groups, being elevated in the obese group compared to the lean group (p<0.05). The obese group demonstrated significantly (p<0.05) elevated carotid artery lumen diameter, carotid artery wall cross-sectional area, and brachial artery lumen diameter with significantly (p<0.05) lower flow-mediated dilation as compared to the lean group. The overweight group demonstrated elevated carotid artery wall cross-sectional area and brachial artery lumen diameter as well as lower flow-mediated dilation as compared to the lean group (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study support the hypothesis that carotid artery wall cross-sectional area is elevated and flow-mediated dilation reduced in overweight and obese eumennorheic women as compared to lean counterparts in relation to BMI classification.     

不同体重指数和腰臀比与血糖、血脂、血压的关系

[目的]探讨重庆地区成人不同体重指数（BMI）和腰臀比（WHR）与血糖、血脂、血压的关系及其与心血管疾病危险因素的聚集性。[方法]选择重庆市两社区中老年人群2883例,根据世界卫生组织推荐的成人超重与肥胖标准,对BMI和WHR与血糖、血压和血脂的关系进行了统计分析。[结果]超重及肥胖总检出率35.73%,腹型肥胖率31.84%。随BMI升高,空腹血糖（FBG）、甘油三酯（TG）、收缩压（SBP）、舒张压（DBP）平均水平逐渐升高,高密度脂蛋白（HDL）明显降低;且糖尿病、高血压、高TG、低HDL检出率亦升高。超重和肥胖人群高血糖、高血压、高TG和HDL降低的危险性分别为正常人群的1.70、1.87、2.99、2.29倍。与正常组比较,超重与肥胖人群有任意1、2、3、4种危险因素时的危险性分别是2.15、3.84、6.23和24.90。[结论]超重与肥胖增加成人心血管疾病危险因素的聚集性以及获得多个心血管疾病的危险性。控制超重和肥胖对心血管疾病的防治具有重要意义。     

钻井工人体质指数与血压、血液生化指标的关系

[目的]调查钻井工人体质指数(body mass index,BMI)与血压、血脂、谷丙氨酸氨基转移酶(alanine transaminase,ALT)、脂肪肝水平的关系,为改变其不良生活习惯,提高健康水平提供理论依据. [方法]对胜利油田927名钻井工人的体检资料进行分析,根据年龄、工龄、BMI的不同划分范围各分为3组,分别比较3组之间血压、血清ALT、血脂以及脂肪肝等异常结果的发生率. [结果]胜利油田钻井工人超重、肥胖和血压、血清ALT、血脂异常及脂肪肝的发生率分别为39.27％、18.66％、30.85％、9.28％、39.59％、37.65％.血压、血清ALT、血脂异常及脂肪肝的发生率均随着年龄、工龄、BMI的增长而升高,差异有统计学意义. [结论]胜利油田钻井工人的高血压、高血脂、血清ALT水平的升高及脂肪肝的患病率均随着年龄、工龄与BMI的增长而升高,且超重组与肥胖组的患病率均显著高于BMI正常组.     

中国12～17岁儿童青少年体格测量指标与血压偏高的关联分析

目的 分析12~17岁我国青少年收缩压、舒张压和血压偏高的流行情况,探讨体格测量指标(BMI、腰围、腰臀比、腰围身高比)与血压偏高之间的关联关系,为相关部门制定儿童青少年的高血压防控策略提供参考依据。方法 选取1991-2015年“中国健康与营养调查”数据,研究对象为资料完整的5 554名12~17岁儿童青少年。血压偏高的定义采用2018年国家卫生和健康委员会发布的“7~18岁儿童青少年血压偏高筛查界值”行业标准。采用多因素Logistic回归分析血压偏高与4个体格测量指标的关联关系。结果 1991-2015年我国12~17岁儿童青少年血压偏高、单纯收缩压偏高及单纯舒张压偏高的检出率分别为9.67%、1.57%和6.41%。瘦和正常组、超重组、肥胖组三个亚组的血压偏高检出率分别为8.79%、17.88%和27.45%,单纯收缩压偏高检出率分别为1.39%、3.03%和5.88%,单纯舒张压偏高检出率分别为5.99%、10.91%和12.75%。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,血压偏高、单纯收缩压偏高及单纯舒张压偏高的风险随BMI增大呈上升趋势(P<0.05)。结论 中国12~17岁儿童青少年超重和肥胖人群中血压偏高检出率较高。预防和控制超重和肥胖是有效应对儿童青少年血压偏高的重要手段。     

Obesity and elevated blood pressure among adolescents in Lagos, Nigeria: a cross-sectional study

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Childhood obesity and associated hypertension are major public health concerns globally. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of obesity and the associated risk of high blood pressure among Nigerian adolescents. METHODS: A cross-sectional school-based study of 885 apparently healthy adolescents was performed. Weight, height and blood pressure (BP) were measured using standard methods. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated and categorized by age, sex and percentile. Obesity and overweight were defined as: [greater than or equal to] 95th and 85th to < 95th percentiles, respectively, for age, sex and height. Subjects were sub-categorized into age 10-13 years (A) and 14-17 years (B). The odds ratio for pre-hypertensive and hypertensive range BP by age and BMI were generated. Significance was set at P < 0.05. RESULTS: The prevalence of overweight and obesity were 13.8% and 9.4%, respectively. The prevalence of hypertensive range systolic BP and diastolic BP in obese subjects was 16% compared with 2.3% in normal BMI subjects (P = 0.00), and was 12.1% for females versus 6.4% in males (P = 0.27). The prevalence of hypertensive range diastolic BP was 15.2% in obese subjects versus 3.5% in normal subjects (P = 0.01), and 12% in females versus 1.4% in males (P = 0.00). BMI in group B was significantly associated with pre-hypertensive and hypertensive range systolic BP in overweight (P = 0.01, P = 0.002) and obese subjects (P = 0.00, P = 0.00) and with hypertensive range diastolic BP (P = 0.00) only in obese subjects. The only significant association in group A was between obesity and pre-hypertensive range diastolic BP (P = 0.00). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of hypertensive range BP among obese Nigerian adolescents was high. Screening for childhood obesity and hypertension, and long-term follow-up of obese adolescents into adulthood are recommended.     

某农机厂噪声作业男工健康状况的动态分析

目的调查分析职业性噪声对工人心血管系统的动态影响。方法以常州某农机厂150名接触噪声的作业男工为噪声组,以企业行政、后勤及不接触噪声男工125人为对照组。采用现场环境噪声测试和班前班后职业性健康检查等方法进行调查研究,比较其血压、心率、心电图的变化情况。结果噪声组班前班后动态收缩压改变差异有统计学意义(P0.05),噪声组与对照组班前收缩压、舒张压、心率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论噪声对作业工人的动态血压、脉率、心电图有一定影响,需进一步采取措施预防。     

丙氨酸转氨酶升高患者代谢异常情况及危险因素分析

目的 分析丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）升高的检出率、伴有代谢异常情况及其危险因素.方法 将12789例体检者（排除乙肝病毒感染、过量饮酒者）进行体格检查、血压、血糖、血脂、肝功、血红蛋白、尿酸、血乙肝表面抗原检测及肝脏超声检查,根据ALT升高与否（〉40 U/L）分为两组,比较两组间各代谢组分的差异.结果 ALT升高的检出率为8.69%.ALT升高组的腰围、体质指数、收缩压、舒张压、总胆固醇、三酰甘油、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、尿酸、空腹血糖、血红蛋白、总胆红素、谷氨酰转移酶、碱性磷酸酶水平均高于ALT正常组,而年龄、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）水平低于ALT正常组（P〈0.05）.ALT升高组超重、肥胖、各型高脂血症、空腹血糖受损、糖尿病、舒张压高、高尿酸血症、脂肪肝检出率高于ALT正常组（P〈0.05）.logistic回归分析显示：患脂肪肝、舒张压、体质指数、总胆固醇、血红蛋白是ALT升高的危险因素,年龄、HDL-C是保护因素.结论 非酒精性脂肪性肝病、脂代谢紊乱、肥胖是丙氨酸转氨酶升高的重要危险因素.     

Acute effects of whey protein isolate on blood pressure, vascular function and inflammatory markers in overweight postmenopausal women

Previous evidence indicates that chronic consumption of dairy whey proteins has beneficial effects on CVD risk factors. The present study investigated the postprandial effects of whey protein isolate on blood pressure, vascular function and inflammatory markers in overweight and obese postmenopausal women. This was a randomised, three-way cross-over design study where twenty overweight and obese postmenopausal women consumed a breakfast meal in conjunction with one of three supplements: 45 g whey protein isolate, 45 g sodium caseinate or 45 g of a glucose control. Fasting and postprandial blood samples, blood pressure and pulse wave analysis readings were taken for up to 6 h. After consumption of the meal, both systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and augmentation index (AI) decreased initially for all interventions and gradually returned to baseline levels by 6 h. However, there were no significant differences in AI, systolic or diastolic blood pressure within or between the glucose control, casein or whey groups. There were also no significant group effects on plasma inflammatory markers (IL-6, TNF-α and C-reactive protein). The health effects previously seen with chronic whey protein ingestion were not seen in the acute 6 h postprandial period in relation to blood pressure, vascular function or inflammatory markers when compared with casein and a glucose control. This suggests that such effects are better observed from the long-term consumption of whey proteins.     

供电职业人群体检指标与心血管疾病危险因素相关性研究

目的 通过描述供电职业人群身体健康状况,探讨体检指标与心血管疾病危险因素的相关性,为供电职业人群健康管理提供理论依据.方法 采用流行病学横断面研究方法对北京市、河北省唐山市、张家口市220 kV及以上电压等级输变电作业场所18～60岁2 782名（男性1 830名,女性952名）供电职业人群身体健康状况和生活方式进行了问卷调查和体格检查.两样本或多样本率的比较采用x2检验.多因素分析采用多变量线性回归.结果 本组供电职业人群超重检出率为38.9％;肥胖检出率为9.7％;收缩压高值检出率为30.1％;高收缩压检出率为17.4％;舒张压高值检出率为34.8％;高舒张压检出率为24.4％;空腹血糖受损率为7.1％;空腹血糖异常率为6.6％;总胆固醇边缘升高率为19.8％;总胆固醇异常率为7.9％;三酰甘油边缘升高率为17.2％;三酰甘油异常率为21.8％;低密度脂蛋白边缘升高率为14.5％;低密度脂蛋白异常率是3.8％;高密度脂蛋白减低率为15.0％;白细胞异常率是2.7％;丙氨酸转氨酶异常率为6.7％;肌酐异常率为4.6％.多因素线性回归结果显示：收缩压、舒张压、体质指数、空腹血糖、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白、高密度脂蛋白和丙氨酸转氨酶均与多种心血管疾病的危险因素相关.结论 220 kV及以上电压等级输变电作业场所供电职业人群心血管疾病危险因素边缘增高值和异常率均较高,对该职业人群进行有针对性的健康管理具有重要的公共卫生意义.     

A study of cardiovascular risk in overweight and obese people in England

Objectives: To report current levels of obesity and associated cardiac risk using routinely collected primary care computer data. Methods: 67 practices took part in an educational intervention to improve computer data quality and care in cardiovascular disease. Data were extracted from 435 102 general practice computer records. 64.3% (229 108/362 861) of people age 15 y and older had a body mass index (BMI) recording or a valid height and weight record that enabled BMI to be derived. Data about cardiovascular disease and risk factors were also extracted. The prevalence of disease and the control of risk factors in the overweight and obese population were compared with those of normal body weight. Results: 56.8% of men and 69.3% of women aged over 15 y had a BMI record. 22% of men and 32.3% of women aged 15 to 24 y were overweight or obese; rising each decade to a peak of 65.6% of men and 57.5% of women aged 55 to 64 y. Thereafter, the proportion who were overweight or obese declined. The prevalence of ischaemic heart disease, diabetes mellitus and hypertension rose with increasing levels of obesity; their prevalence in those who are moderately obese was between two and three times that of the general population. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure, blood glucose even in non-diabetics, cholesterol and triglycerides were all elevated in the overweight and obese population.

Conclusion: Based on the recorded data over half of men and nearly half of women are overweight or obese. They have increased cardiovascular risk, which is not adequately controlled by current practice.     

Association of body mass index and health status in firefighters

This study evaluates the usefulness of body mass index (BMI) as a preventive screening tool for general health and duty fitness status among firefighters. Two major BMI categorization methods were used: (1) "standard" [low (< 27), medium (> or = 27 < 30), high (> 30)]; and (2) WHO [(normal (< 25), overweight (> or = 25 < 30), obese (> or = 30 < 39), morbidly obese (> or = 39)]. Using the "standard" categorization, nearly 60% of individuals had medium or high BMI's; using the World Health Organization categorization, 80.7% of individuals were found to be overweight, obese, or morbidly obese. Statistically significant, inverse correlation between BMI and each of the following parameters was noted: systolic and diastolic blood pressure, VO2max, METS, and total cholesterol. Inconsistent or statistically insignificant correlation was found between BMI and HDL, Chol/HDL ratio, triglycerides, FVC% predicted, and FEV1 second% predicted. Findings were similar to previous studies of such correlates. BMI continues to prove useful as a screening tool and may be useful in identifying individual firefighters for health and fitness intervention measures.     

Plasma Imidazole Propionate Is Positively Correlated with Blood Pressure in Overweight and Obese Humans

Background: The gut microbiota and its metabolites are essential for host health and dysbiosis has been involved in several pathologic conditions such as type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Recent studies have identified that plasma imidazole propionate (ImP), a microbial-produced metabolite, is increased in patients with prediabetes and T2D. More recently, ImP was found to be significantly increased in patients with overt CVD. Here, we aimed to investigate the association between ImP and CVD risk factors: blood pressure, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and insulin-resistance in overweight and obese subjects without T2D or use of any metabolic diseases-related medication. Methods: Plasma metabolites, including ImP, were determined in 107 male or post-menopausal women with overweight/obesity, but without T2D. Insulin-sensitivity was assessed with the gold standard method: the hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp using the isotope [6,6-²H₂] glucose and expressed as glucose rate of disposal (Rd) for peripheral insulin sensitivity and suppression of endogenous glucose production (EGP) for hepatic insulin sensitivity. Results: Partial correlation analysis controlled for BMI and age showed a significant correlation between ImP and diastolic blood pressure (r_s = 0.285, p = 0.004) and a borderline significance with systolic blood pressure (r_s = 0.187, p = 0.060); however, systolic and diastolic blood pressure did not correlate with ImP precursor histidine (r_s = 0.063, p = 0.526 and r = −0.038, p = 0.712, respectively). We did not find a correlation between ImP with LDL-cholesterol or HDL-cholesterol (r_s = −0.181, p = 0.064 and r_s = 0.060, p = 0.546, respectively). Furthermore, there was no association between plasma ImP concentrations and Rd and EGP suppression. Conclusion: In this cohort with overweight/obese subjects without T2D, plasma ImP concentrations were positively correlated with diastolic blood pressure but not with insulin-sensitivity.     

北京城区居民体质指数与慢性病危险因素关系分析

对 1 995～ 1 998年营养与食品安全所老年与临床营养室在北京地区慢性病社区防治研究中积累的1 2 4 6例 2 5～ 74岁居民的部分体检资料进行分析 ,观察不同人群体质指数 (BMI)、腰围 (WC)水平与慢性疾病相关因素 血清总胆固醇 (TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (HDL C)、甘油三酯 (TG)、收缩压 (SBP)、舒张压 (DBP)、血糖 (FBG)及与高血压、高脂血症、糖尿病的检出率的关系。结果 :该人群超重及肥胖率男性为 41 7%及1 4 6 % ,女性为 32 0 %及 2 0 4%。超重及肥胖组高血压、高脂血症、糖尿病的检出率明显高于BMI正常组。相关分析结果表明BMI、WC与TC、TG、SBP、DBP呈显著正相关 ;与HDL C、HDL C TC呈显著负相关 ,WC与FBG呈显著正相关。提示为早期预防慢性病 ,应对BMI>2 4的人群给予充分关注     

Discrimination of health risk by combined body mass index and waist circumference

OBJECTIVE: NIH Clinical Guidelines (1998) recommend the measurement of waist circumference (WC, centimeters) within body mass index (BMI, kilograms per square meter) categories as a screening tool for increased health risk. RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES: The Canada Heart Health Surveys (1986 through 1992) were used to describe the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in Canada and to test the use of the NIH guidelines for predicting metabolic risk factors. The sample included 7981 participants ages 20 to 74 years who had complete data for WC, BMI, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, triglycerides, diabetic status, and systolic and diastolic blood pressures. National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III risk categories were used to identify the metabolic syndrome and associated risk factors. Logistic regression was used to test the hypothesis that WC improves the prediction of the metabolic syndrome, within overweight (25 to 29.9 kg/m(2)) and obese I (30 to 34.9 kg/m(2)) BMI categories. RESULTS: The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome was 17.0% in men and 13.2% in women. The odds ratios (OR) for the prediction of the metabolic syndrome were elevated in overweight [OR, 1.85; 95% confidence interval (95%CI), 1.02 to 3.35] and obese (OR, 2.35; 95%CI, 1.25 to 4.42) women with a high WC compared with overweight and obese women with a low WC, respectively. On the other hand, WC was not predictive of the metabolic syndrome or component risk factors in men, within BMI categories. DISCUSSION: In women already at increased health risk because of an elevated BMI, the additional measurement of WC may help identify cardiovascular risk.     

Correlation of anthropometric parameters and blood-pressure in elderly people

INTRODUCTION: The elderly represent a growing segment of populations in developed and also in developing countries. Anthropological measurements offer a cheap and easy way method for assessment of health and nutritional status and in prediction for mortality. Anthropological parameters and their relation to blood pressure were studied in elderlies. METHODS: Two hundred-thirteen elderly people (83 men over 65 y and 110 women over 60 y) were involved. The weight, height, waist- and hip circumferences were measured and waist: hip ratio, and body mass index (BMI) were calculated. Blood pressure was measured by the use of sphygmomanometer. Hypertension was diagnosed when systolic blood pressure was >/= 140 and/or diastolic >/= 90 mmHg. The SPSS 10 version for Windows was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: According to the BMI, 72% of men and 65% women were considered overweight or obese. According to waist circumference 51% of men and 83% of women belonged to the high risk group. Under 80 y the mean blood pressure was in the pathological range both in the case of men and women. That could be considered as a sign of the insufficient efficiency of treatment or bad compliance. By 60% of this elderly population hypertension was registered. 75% of people, considered overweight or obese according to BMI, showed hypertension. According to the waist circumference, in 73% of people in the high risk group hypertension was detected versus 6% of persons in the non-risk group. This relation could not be observed in women. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of obesity and overweight is higher in the elderly group than in the younger adult population. Decrease in body mass may be suggested only by cautious nutritional intervention, control of systolic blood pressure should be more regular and prudent.     

儿童期体重状态及其变化与血压偏高发生风险的关系

目的 探索儿童期体重状态及其变化与血压偏高发病风险的关系,为儿童高血压的防控提供依据。方法 数据来源于在2012—2018年间,基于自贡市开展的“自贡基于学校的心血管代谢风险队列研究”。本研究纳入至少接受2次调查;在基线（第一次调查）和随访（最后一次调查）时血压,身高,体重等信息完整;且在基线时血压正常的儿童。使用中介效应模型探索随访体质量指数(body mass index, BMI)在基线BMI与随访血压水平关系中的中介效应。运用logistic模型探索基线和随访时体重状态的变化与随访时血压偏高的关系。结果 基线时,5087名儿童平均年龄为8.9岁,男性占58.9%。在2年的中位随访时间后,血压偏高的发病率（95%置信区间）为8.5%(7.8%~9.3%)。在控制其它混杂因素后,基线BMI与随访收缩压和舒张压的总效应均有统计学意义（Ps<0.001）,但随访BMI的中介作用分别占73.6%和97.2%。相对于基线和随访时体重均正常的儿童,基线及随访持续超重肥胖（OR=2.592,P<0.001）及基线正常但随访超重肥胖的儿童（OR=1.649,P=0.013）更容易发生血压偏高;而基线超重肥胖但随访体重正常儿童发生血压偏高的风险没有增加（P=0.195）。结论 高BMI与儿童血压水平升高有关。基线超重肥胖但随访体重正常儿童相对于基线和随访体重均正常的儿童,血压偏高的发生风险没有增加。