普洱市HIV感染者合并HBV、HCV、HGV感染检测结果分析

[目的]了解普洱市HIV感染者合并感染病毒性肝炎的情况,探讨行为改变对预防HIV及各型病毒性肝炎传播的意义,为今后的研究和防治工作提供基础依据。[方法]对544份HIV感染者、531份对照人群血清采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测HBsAg、抗-HCV、抗-HGV,分析感染及重叠感染状况。[结果]HIV感染者的HBsAg、抗-HCV、抗-HGV阳性检出率分别为8.46%、50.37%、27.21%;对照组的HBsAg、抗-HCV、抗-HGV阳性检出率分别为4.52%、1.32%、0.56%。HIV感染者和对照组HBV、HCV、HGV阳性检出率差异有统计学意义。HBsAg阳性检出率在不同性别、年龄、职业、民族、暴露间差异无统计学意义。HCV阳性检出率在不同性别、职业、民族、暴露间差异有统计学意义。HGV阳性检出率在不同性别、年龄、职业人群中差异有统计学意义。[结论]HIV感染者合并感染HBV、HCV、HGV的阳性检出率高于对照组人群;静脉吸毒、不安全的性行为是感染HIV、HBV、HCV、HGV的主要原因。HBV、HCV、HGV通过不同方式、渠道传播的能力不同,HCV、HGV的传播能力明显强于HBV;行为干预是控制艾滋病流行的主要手段,也是控制HBV、HCV、HGV在人群中流行的关键措施。     

HIV感染者合并GBV-C/HGV感染的预后

已知HIV感染者合并HBV或HCV感染较常见,且影响预后。为了明确HIV合并GBV-C/HGV感染的预后,作者对HIV感染者中GBV-C/HGV RNA和抗-E2的流行率及有关的临床随访结果进行了研究。 研究组为197例HIV感染者,对照组为120例随机抽样的供血员。用ELISA法检测抗-HIV、HBsAg、抗-HBc、抗-HCV;对抗-HCV阳性者再用套式PCR法检测HCV     

血液透析时间、次数与肝炎病毒感染结果分析

目的了解血液透析患者在血液透析时间、次数,发生感染病毒性肝炎（HBV、抗HCV、抗-HGV）及合并感染状况。方法223例血液透析患者,其中男137例．女86例,年龄在27－80岁之间进行HBV、抗-HCV、抗－HGV检测。结果乙、丙、庚型肝炎病毒的感染率分别为78．0％,35．0％和4．9％。血液透析忠者透析在6个月以内HBV感染率是448％;6个月以后都高于71．8％：抗－HCV感染率是10．3～69．2;抗FIGV感染率是0～10．3％。结论虹液透析足引发经血传播疾病的最危险因素之一。时间和次数是有密切的相关性。随时间和次数延长,其感染HBV、抗－HCV、抗－HGV阳性率也随之高。     

某农村人群甲、乙、丙、戊和庚型肝炎病毒感染的现况研究

目的　了解某农村人群甲、乙、丙、戊和庚型肝炎病毒的感染状况及其流行特点。方法　应用酶联免疫试验 (EIA)检测血清抗 -HAV、HBsAg、抗 -HBs、抗 -HBc、抗 -HCV、抗 -HEV和抗 -HGV ,并对抗 -HGV阳性者应用套式逆转录聚合酶链反应法 (RT -nPCR)检测HGVRNA。结果　该人群抗 -HAV、抗 -HCV、抗 -HEV和抗 -HGV流行率分别为 86.9%、11.5 %、2 .9%和 1.8% ,HBsAg阳性率为8.0 % ,HBV总感染率为 5 4.8%。HAV以 5岁以下儿童感染率最低 ( 35 .0 % ) ,到 10岁时 85 .0 %的儿童已感染HAV。HBsAg阳性率呈现两个高峰 ,分别在 5～ 9岁和 40～ 49岁年龄组 ;HBV总感染率到 10岁时为 5 5 .0 % ,然后随年龄增长而上升。HCV感染主要集中在 2 0～ 49岁年龄组 (占 77.8% )。各型肝炎病毒男女感染率无明显差异。献浆次数、年限与HCV、HEV、HGV感染呈正相关。HBsAg、抗 -HBc、抗 -HCV呈现家庭聚集性 ,但仅HBsAg呈现母亲与子女相关。抗 -HCV阳性者中ALT异常率 ( 15 .9% )显著高于抗 -HCV阴性者 ( 1.2 % ,P <0 .0 1)。结论　该人群甲、乙、丙、戊和庚型肝炎病毒感染具有不同的流行病学特点 ;献血浆是该人群HCV、HEV和HGV感染的主要危险因素 ;抗 -HCV阳性者多伴有肝损害     

肝炎病毒感染与肝细胞性肝癌患者术后复发转移的相关性研究

目的探讨单纯及合并乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)与丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)感染对肝细胞性肝癌患者手术后癌症复发转移的影响,以及HBV、HCV感染对患者术后复发转移的可能因素,以指导临床采取适当时机进行治疗。方法选取2010年3月-2013年10月安徽医科大学第一附属医院肝胆外科施行肝癌根治性切除手术的肝细胞性肝癌患者作为研究对象,从术后6个月的患者中随机选取90例,对其进行HBV和HCV感染检测,根据检测结果将患者分为A、B、C、D组,A组为HBV(-)、HCV(-);B组为HBV(+)、HCV(-);C组为HBV(-)、HCV(+);D组为HBV(+)、HCV(+),对比单纯及合并HBV、HCV病毒感染对患者肝癌复发转移率的影响,并回顾性分析患者临床病理资料,探讨病毒感染对患者术后复发转移的影响因素。结果 ELISA法检测到HCV感染阳性9例,阳性率为10.0%,nRT-PCR法检测HCV阳性25例,阳性率为27.8%,两种检测方法差异有统计学意义(P0.05);D组患者术后复发率较A、B、C组高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);B、C组患者的术后复发率显著高于A组患者(P0.05),B、C两组患者间肝癌复发率差异无统计学意义;患者年龄、肿瘤大小、肝硬化程度以及肿瘤分化程度在A、B、C、D组间,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 nRT-PCR法检测HCV感染的特异性更高,HBV和HCV感染对肝细胞性肝癌患者术后更易复发转移。     

不同人群HCV与其它肝病标志物阳性率的调查

目的了解江苏省启东地区不同人群的HCV等肝病标志物情况。方法采集肝癌病例、HBsAg阳性者及自然人群血清标本,用酶免法检测抗-HCV;同时检测ALT、抗-TTVIgG,HBVM标志物作参考比较。结果肝癌病人、HBsAg阳性者和自然人群的抗-HCV阳性率分别为5.11%、1.82%和2.42%,无显著性差异(P>0.05)。未见HCV感染与HBV感染间的联系,与年龄、性别、血型的关系也不大。9例抗-HCV阳性的肝癌患者中有6例伴有HBsAg阳性,有1例所有的HBVM均为阴性,且ALT和AFP均为阴性。有1例伴有抗-TTVIgG阳性。结论启东地区抗-HCV感染率不高,不同人群间的差别不大;与历史资料比,似有下降的趋势。     

110例丙型肝炎病人HBV重叠感染的血清学分析

[目的]为探讨丙型肝炎HBV重叠感染的血清状况.[方法]用TC-PC多聚酶链反应及ELISA酶链免疫吸附测定方法对110例丙型肝炎病人血清进行HCVRNA及抗-HCV检测,并用ELISA方法与对照组一同进行抗-HCV、HBsAg、抗-HBc、HBeAg检测.[结果]丙型肝炎的HBV重叠感染率为78.18%(86/110)和正常人群的HBV感染率24.60%(33/125)相比P《0.001,OR(观测率)值为9.99,ARP为90%;丙型肝炎的HBV重叠感染和单一HCV感染的抗-HCV水平(S/Co比值)均值比P《0.20,差异无显著性;HBV和HCV重叠感染其HBeAg感染率很低,和正常人群相比差异无显著性,P》0.05.而且,HBeAg的(S/Co比值)均值比差异也无显著性,P》0.05.[结论]丙型肝炎病人极易重叠感染HBV;丙型肝炎病人抗-HCV抗体水平较低,重叠感染后其HCV抗体水平不受影响;HCV与HBV重叠感染干扰抑制HBV的复制.     

人类免疫缺陷病毒血源传播问题的探讨

目的　探讨人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV)血源传播来源问题。方法　收集全国各地HIV阳性血清 6 2份 ,其中献血员血清 2 7份 ,静脉吸毒者血清 35份 ,用EIA法进行HBV、HCV血清学检测。结果　HIV感染者HBV总感染率为 5 3.2 % (33/ 6 2 ) ;抗 -HCV阳性率为 95 .2 % (5 9/ 6 2 )。HIV、HBV、HCV三重感染率为 5 1.6 % (32 / 6 2 ) ,HIV、HCV和HIV、HBV二重感染率分别为 2 7.4% (17/6 2 )和 1.6 % (1/ 6 2 )。献血员中HBV总感染率 44 .4% (12 / 2 7) ,抗 -HCV阳性率 10 0 % (2 7/ 2 7) ;静脉吸毒者中HBV总感染率 6 0 .0 % (2 1/ 35 ) ,抗 -HCV阳性率 91.4% (32 / 35 )。经统计学处理 ,两人群HBV感染率与抗 -HCV阳性率差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 )。对两人群中HIV、HBV、HCV三重、双重、单一感染率分析发现 ,两人群间差异也无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论　结果提示 ,HIV感染献血员和HIV感染静脉吸毒者HCV感染率很高 ;两人群在感染HIV、HBV、HCV高危因素上存在着一定的内在联系 ,静脉吸毒可能是引起我国HIV血源传播的主要根源     

丙型肝炎病人HBV重叠感染的血清学分析

目的:探讨丙型肝炎HBV重叠感染的血清状况。方法:用RtPCR及ELISA测定方法,对110例丙型肝炎病人血清进行HCVRNA及抗-HCV检测,并用ELISA方法与对照组一同进行抗-HCV、HBsAg、抗-HBc、HBeAg检测。结果:丙型肝炎的HBV重叠感染率为78.18%(86/110)和正常人群的HBV感染率24.60%(33/125)相比,P<0.001,OR(观测率)值为9.99,ARP为90%;丙型肝炎的HBV重叠感染和单一HCV感染的抗-HCV水平(S/Co比值)均值比,P<0.20,差异无显著性;HBV和HCV重叠感染其HBeAg感染率很低,和正常人群相比差异无显著性,P>0.05。而且,HBeAg的(S/Co比值)均值比差异也无显著性,P>0.05。结论:丙型肝炎病人极易重叠感染HBV;丙型肝炎病人抗-HCV抗体水平较低,重叠感染后其HCV抗体水平不受影响;HCV与HBV重叠感染干扰抑制HBV的复制。     

福建省人群丙型肝炎感染率及危险因素分析

目的通过血清流行病学调查,探索福建省丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）感染率及其相关危险因素。方法采用多阶段抽样方法,通过横断面调查,获取HCV流行现状及危险因素基础资料;用间接ELISA法检测HCV抗体,分析人群抗-HCV阳性率及发展趋势。结果福建省人群抗-HCV阳性率为0.71%;地区与性别分布差异无统计学意义;随着年龄增长,抗-HCV阳性率有增加趋势,≥50岁组抗-HCV阳性率（1.81%）远高于〈50岁组（0.54%）。肝病史、针具共用及足浴店修脚史与HCV感染相关。结论福建省人群抗-HCV阳性率与1992年相比呈下降趋势,但HCV防治形势不容乐观。     

HBV、HCV和HGV的感染对HCC家庭聚集性的影响

为了研究乙、丙、庚型肝炎病毒感染在原发性肝癌家庭聚集性中的作用，本文应用PCR方法对肝癌病、低发家庭成员进行了HBV-DNA、HCV-RNA和HGV-RNA检测。结果发现，高发户成员和无癌户成员中HBV-DNA和HGV-RNA的阳性率分别为21．8％（12／55）、36．4％（20／55）和7．3％（4／55）、14．5％（8／55）（P＜0．01）。HCV-RNA阳性率分别为10．9％（6／55）和21．8％（12／55）（P＞0．05）。HBV＋HCV、HCV＋HGV、HGV＋HBV、HBV＋HCV＋HGV的重叠感染率分别为3．6％（2／55）、3．6％（2／55）、14．5％（8／55）、3．6％（2／55）和1．8％（1／55）、9．1％（5／55）、1．8％（1／55）、0．0％（0／55），其中HBV＋HGV重叠感染模式两组有明显差异（P＜0．05），其余各模式无明显差异。结果提示，HBV和HGV的感染可能是HCC家庭聚集原因之一，而HBV＋HGV重叠感染模式较其他模式与HCC家庭聚集性关系更为密切。     

Seroprevalence of markers for hepatitis B, C and G in male and female prisoners - NSW, 1996

OBJECTIVES: 1. Establish the prevalence of markers for hepatitis B (HBV), C (HCV) and G (HGV) in a sample of male and female inmates. 2. Examine exposure to multiple viruses. 3. Compare risk factors for HGV infection with known risk factors for HBV and HCV. DESIGN: Cross-sectional random sample stratified by sex, age and Aboriginality. Inmates were screened for three hepatitis markers. Participants were 789 inmates (657 male, 132 female) in 27 correctional centres in New South Wales, 1996. RESULTS: Overall detection of each of the three screening markers was 35% for HBV, 39% for HCV and 10% for HGV. Exposure rates were higher in female prisoners than males. Increased rates of anti-HBc were observed in Aboriginal inmates compared with non-Aboriginals (54% cf. 27%); anti-HCV and HGV-RNA were comparable between the two groups (36% cf. 41% and 9% cf. 10%). Markers were significantly higher in female injecting drug users (IDU), particularly HCV (90% cf. 66%). Thirty-five per cent of inmates were unaware of their HCV status. For HBV, 72% did not self-report past or present exposure despite serological evidence to the contrary. The multivariate analysis identified Aboriginality, long-term injecting and injecting while in prison as risk factors for HBV. HCV risk factors were female sex, non-Aboriginality, institutionalisation and IDU-associated behaviours. For HGV, female sex and previous imprisonment were significant risk factors but IDU was not. CONCLUSIONS: Blood-borne hepatitis viruses are common in prison inmates, particularly females (HBV, HCV and HGV), Aboriginals (HBV) and IDU (HBV and HCV). Infection can be related to a number of risk factors, which appear similar for HBV and HCV, but distinct from HGV.     

Prevalence of hepatitis B and C viruses infection in chronic alcoholics with or without liver disease in Ioannina, Greece: Low incidence of HCV infection

Intravenous heroin abusers comprise a high risk group for hepatitis B and C viruses (HBV and HCV) infection. Chronic alcoholics with liver disease (LD) also comprise a high risk group for HBV infection whereas the frequency of antibodies to HCV (anti-HCV) ranges from 27–42.6%. In this study, HBV and HCV infection markers were determined in alcoholic patients with (83 patients) or without LD (68 patients) in order to assess the prevalence of these markers (HBsAg, HBsAb, HBcAb and anti-HCV). The reason for the study was a lack of established data in this group of patients in Greece. The disease control groups consisted of 70 non-alcoholic hospitalized patients and 60 heroin addicts, whereas 1342 healthy blood donors were also investigated. Our results showed significantly increased prevalence of HBV infection markers in chronic alcoholic patients compared to healthy controls and non-alcoholic hospitalized patients. The findings were independent of the presence or absence of LD. In contrast to heroin addicts, where anti-HCV antibodies were observed in 90%, there was no difference in the prevalence of anti-HCV antibodies in chronic alcoholics (with or without LD), nonalcoholic hospitalized patients or healthy controls. In conclusion, we found that in this area of northwestern Greece, chronic alcoholics, independent of the presence of LD, comprise a high risk group for HBV infection but very rarely have HCV infection. The latter finding may reflect technical or socioeconomic differences regarding the lifestyle of our patients, and our population in general.     

Viral co-infections in hepatitis C: HBV, HBV-C/HGV and TTV studies

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The prevalence of co-infections with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and novel hepatitis viruses GBV-C (Hepatitis G virus, HGV) and TT virus (TTV) in chronic hepatitis C (HCV) infection has been studied. In patients with chronic hepatitis C and in asymptomatic healthy HCV carriers, the influence of these agents on the course of HCV infection was assessed. METHODS: a total of 110 HCV-positive individuals, among them 77 patients with chronic hepatitis C--50 of them treated with interferon (IFN)--and 33 HCV carriers with normal alanine aminotransferase have been investigated. HBV-DNA, HGV RNA and TTV DNA were detected by PCR, to determine HBsAg and anti-HBc ELISA technic has been used. RESULTS: In the healthy population, the prevalence of anti-HCV was 0.3%, HBsAg 0.09%, anti-HBc 2.5%, HGV RNA 8.0% and TTV DNA 18.5%, respectively. In chronic hepatitis C HBsAg (accompanied with HBV-DNA) occurred in 1.29%, anti-HBc 25.97%, HGV RNA in 9.09% and TTV DNA in 40.25% of cases. In IFN-treated patients with sustained remission, the frequency of TTV was 20% vs. 45.7% found in non-responders. Among asymptomatic HCV-carriers, the prevalence of anti-HBc was 27.27%, HGV RNA 9.09% and TTV DNA 75.7% respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Neither previous HBV infection, nor HGV RNA and TTV DNA had apparent effect on the course of chronic HCV infection. TTV was detected with the lowest frequency in persons with sustained remission due to IFN, suggesting antiviral effect of IFN on TTV.     

肝癌家庭成员HBV、HCV感染的调查分析

目的：通过调查HCC家庭成员HBV、HCV感染状况,探讨HCC的发生与HBV、HCV感染的关系。方法：应用ELISA法和PCR法,分别检测了HCC病例与对照家庭成员血清中HBsAg,抗－HBs,HBeAg,抗－HBe,抗－HBc,抗－HCV 及HBV DNA。结果：病例组子女的HBsAg,抗－HBe,抗－HBc和HBV总感染率均高于对照组,具有统计学意义（P＜0．05或P＜0．01）;且病例组子女HBV DNA检测高于对照组（P＜0．05）,HBeAg和HBV DNA密切相关,HBeAg阳性血清HBV DNA检测均为阳性,抗－HCV在病例与对照组间均无显著性差异（P＞0．05）。进入条件Logistic回归方程中的因素为HBsA抗－HBc,其OR值分别为27．96和4．77。结论：HCC家内有HBV感染的聚集性倾向,HBsAg和抗－HBc两项标记,在HCC家庭成员乙肝感染中更具代表性,密切生活接触也是HBV感染传播途径之一,丙肝感染不占主要地位。     

HBV与HCV在HCC高危人群中的病因学作用

本文对在在启东、泰兴原发性肝细胞癌（ＨＣＣ）高发区随机抽取的１４０份ＨＣＣ病例和２４７份对照资料，进行了乙型肝炎病毒（ＨＢＶ）、丙型肝炎病毒（ＨＣＶ）感染与ＨＣＣ关系的病因学研究。结果显示：病例ＨＢＶ总感染指标和抗－ＨＣＶ的ＯＲ值为４．６７，多元非条件Ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ回归分析显示：在ＨＢＶ感染指标中，以ＨＢｓＡｇ，抗－ＨＢｃ和前Ｓ２蛋白３指标的意义较大，均入选多元模型，抗－ＨＣＶ也作为ＨＣＶ感染的唯一指标入选多元模型Ａ，且两模型的拟合较满意，说明两者的感染均对ＨＣＣ的发生有一定的病因学作用，ＨＢＶ和ＨＣＶ混合感染的ＯＲ值为７．８４２，约等于两者分别感染的ＯＲ值之积，说明两者之间有一定的协同作用。ＰＡＲ指标的分析表明，ＨＢＶ和ＨＣＶ的综合ＰＡＲ值在７３．６４％～７５．１１％之间，抗－ＨＣＶ的ＰＡＲ值为１１．４６％，即如能有效控制人群ＨＢＶ和ＨＣＶ的感染率，将使该地ＨＣＣ的发病数减少７５％左右，其中由ＨＣＶ感染引起的ＨＣＣ病例约占１１．４６％，说明该地ＨＢＶ的感染仍为ＨＣＣ的主要病因因素，ＨＣＶ感染的病因作用次之。     

庚型肝炎病毒在肝炎及肝癌患者中感染情况

为研究庚型肝炎病毒在乙型肝炎、丙型肝炎、非甲—戊型肝炎及原发肝癌患者中的感染情况 ,选择临床肝炎患者血清及肝癌手术病人的术前血清、肝癌组织及癌旁组织。采用HGV RT PCR法检测标本中HGVRNA。结果 ,在临床乙型肝炎、丙型肝炎、非甲—戊型肝炎及肝癌手术病人中庚型肝炎感染率分别为 9% ( 12 / 130 )、10 % ( 3/ 30 )、17% ( 4 / 2 4 )、0 % ( 0 / 2 4 )。证明庚型肝炎是普遍存在的一种肝炎病毒 ,并与乙型肝炎、丙型肝炎有较高的重叠感染率 ,而与肝癌的相关性不大。     

太原地区职业人群乙、丙、庚型肝炎病毒感染的调查

目的研究太原地区职业人群中乙、丙、庚型肝炎病毒的隐性感染现状。方法采用EusA方法对太原地区从事公共场所工作、饮食服务工作、托幼保教工作以及职业供血等具有一定代表性的职业人群进行HBsAg、抗-HCV、抗-HGV、ALT检测。结果HBsAg、抗-HCV、抗-HGV的阳性率分别为3．86％（11／285）、0．70％（2／285）、2．11％（6／285），两性之间、各年龄组之间、各职业间HBsAg、抗-HCV、抗-HGV的阳性率差异均无统计学意义。11例HBsAg阳性者3例ALT异常，6例抗．HGV阳性者2例ALT异常，HBsAg、抗-HGV均阳者1例，抗-HCV、抗HGV均阳者1例。结论太原地区职业人群中存在有乙、丙、庚型肝炎病毒隐性感染，并且三者间存在有-定程度的交叉感染或重叠感染。     

Prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis C virus in hemodialysis patients and renal transplant recipients

This work was carried out to study the prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, its associated risk factors and possible routes of transmission in hemodialysis patients and renal transplant recipients. Ninety five patients and 15 normal controls were included in this study. Patients were classified into 3 groups: Group I (64 hemodialysis patients), Group II (16 renal transplant recipients) and Group III (15 patients with chronic renal insufficiency on conservative treatments). Each individual was subjected to full clinical examination, estimation of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), testing for antibodies to hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV), screening for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), antibodies to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs) and core antigen (anti-HBc) by modified ELISA technique. Anti-HCV was found in 87.5% of hemodialysis patients, 81.25% of renal transplant patients, 53.3% of the conservative group and in 13.3% of the control group. There was a significant correlation between the presence of anti-HCV and the duration on dialysis in groups I and II (p < 0.05), while no significant correlation was detected between HCV positive cases and the number of units of transfused blood in groups I and II (p > 0.05). Serum ALT was elevated in patients with HCV infection, but there was no significant correlation between the presence of anti-HCV and elevated ALT level among the examined groups of patients (p > 0.05). The prevalence of HCV infection was not correlated with the duration of renal transplantation and the type of immunosuppressive therapy (p > 0.05). Coinfection with HBV and HCV could occur, as previous infection with HBV was demonstrated. Anti-HBc was found in 51.8%, 66.7%, 37.5% of anti-HCV positive patients in groups I, II, II respectively. Anti-HBs was detected in 24.1% and 15.4% of anti-HCV positive in groups I and II. HBsAg was found only in 4.7% of anti-HCV positive hemodialysis.