单双节段颈椎人工间盘置换术长期疗效比较

目的探讨单节段与双节段颈椎人工间盘置换术对治疗颈椎退行性疾病长期临床疗效的影响。方法回顾性分析我院2003年12月至2007年12月间86例患者101个节段行单双节段Bryan人工间盘置换术且随访10年以上患者的临床资料,其中男51例,女35例;平均年龄(53.9±9.3)岁。按手术节段数患者分为两组:单节段组71个节段,双节段组30个节段。评估患者的临床功能指标,包括日本骨科学会(Japanese orthopaedic association,JOA)评分、颈椎功能障碍(neck disability index,NDI)及Odom's标准;影像学指标:包括颈椎整体活动度(range of motion,ROM)、手术节段ROM、手术节段Cobb角。比较两组患者临床功能与影像学评估指标间的差异。结果单节段组颈椎整体ROM术前为(45.90±15.18)°,末次随访时为(46.31±13.03)°;手术节段ROM术前为(9.67±4.54)°,末次随访时为(8.63±5.34)°;手术节段Cobb角术前为(2.13±1.32)°,末次随访时为(1.23±1.92)°。双节段组颈椎整体ROM术前为(40.14±11.59)°,末次随访时为(38.33±12.31)°;手术节段ROM术前为(9.10±4.00)°,末次随访时为(6.51±4.61)°,手术节段Cobb角术前为(3.09±2.15)°,末次随访时为(0.44±4.62)°。单节段组患者JOA改善率为(69.40±36.80)%,NDI下降(12.06±8.20)%,Odom's标准优良率为91.5%。双节段组患者JOA改善率为(59.44±59.80)%,NDI下降(12.53±9.47)%,Odom's标准优良率为80.0%。单节段组患者末次随访时颈椎整体活动度优于双节段组(P0.05),其余指标差异无统计学意义。结论单双节段Bryan颈椎人工间盘置换术用于治疗颈椎退行性疾病具有较为满意的长期疗效,单节段Bryan人工间盘置换术后远期颈椎整体活动度优于双节段Bryan人工间盘置换术。     

颈椎人工椎间盘置换术治疗脊髓型颈椎病的长期疗效

目的 :观察颈椎人工椎间盘置换术治疗脊髓型颈椎病的长期疗效。方法 :回顾性分析我院2003年12月~2007年12月17例因脊髓型颈椎病行单节段Bryan人工椎间盘置换术且随访10年以上患者的临床资料,手术时年龄37~76岁(平均57.2±8.9岁),男13例,女4例。手术节段:C4/5 3例,C5/6 9例,C6/7 5例。依据术前CT及MRI检查结果将患者分为两组:单纯颈椎间盘突出组7例,合并骨赘形成组10例。分别于术前及末次随访时评估患者影像学指标,包括颈椎整体活动度(ROM)、手术节段ROM、手术节段Cobb角与高等级(3~4级)椎旁骨化;临床功能评价指标包括JOA评分、颈椎功能障碍指数(NDI)及Odom′s评定。比较两组间各评价指标的差异及组内术前术后各指标差异。计量数据使用t检验进行统计分析,等级数据使用非参数检验中的Mann-Whitney检验进行统计分析,P0.05为有显著性差异。结果:单纯颈椎间盘突出组患者手术时年龄56.1±11.7岁,男5例,女2例,C5/6节段3例,C6/7节段4例,手术节段ROM术前为8.18°±3.70°,末次随访时为9.07°±4.76°,1例出现ROM丧失;颈椎整体ROM术前为42.78°±14.89°,末次随访时为47.34°±6.93°;手术节段Cobb角术前为2.77°±1.08°,末次随访时为2.37°±1.48°;各影像学评估指标(颈椎整体ROM、手术节段ROM、手术节段Cobb角)末次随访时与术前比较无显著性差异(P0.05);1例(14.3%)出现局部后凸,1例出现高等级椎旁骨化。合并骨赘形成组患者手术时年龄57.9±7.0岁,男8例,女2例,C4/5节段3例,C5/6节段6例,C6/7节段1例,手术节段ROM术前为11.46°±5.19°,末次随访时为6.41°±4.87°,3例出现ROM丧失;颈椎整体ROM术前为45.53°±11.89°,末次随访时为41.60°±13.45°;手术节段Cobb角术前为2.14°±1.35°,末次随访时为1.29°±1.33°,末次随访时手术节段ROM及Cobb角较术前明显下降(P0.05),1例出现局部后凸,4例出现高等级椎旁骨化。末次随访时,单纯颈椎间盘突出组患者JOA评分改善率为(76.73±25.53)%,NDI%下降(12.29±6.26)%,Odom′s标准评定优良率为100.0%;合并骨赘形成组患者JOA评分改善率为(82.90±19.03)%,NDI%下降(10.00±4.32)%,Odom′s标准评定优良率为100.0%。术前及末次随访时颈椎整体ROM、手术节段ROM、手术节段Cobb角、JOA评分、NDI%及Odoms评分两组比较均无显著性差异(P0.05)。结论:颈椎人工椎间盘置换术治疗脊髓型颈椎病具有较好的长期疗效。单纯颈椎间盘突出导致的脊髓型颈椎病患者人工椎间盘置换术后远期手术节段ROM的维持优于合并骨赘形成患者。     

双节段ACDF和单节段ACCF手术治疗脊髓型颈椎病疗效比较

目的对比分析双节段前路颈椎间盘切除融合术(anterior cervical discectomy and fusion,ACDF)与单节段前路椎体次全切钛网植骨融合术(anterior cervical corpectomy and fusion,ACCF)治疗邻近双节段脊髓型颈椎病的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2009年6月至2014年3月因邻近双节段脊髓型颈椎病在我院行ACDF和ACCF手术的51例患者。27例患者行ACDF术(男性16例,女性11例),24例患者行ACCF术(男性13例,女性11例)。记录患者一般资料、手术相关参数、并发症发生率、融合率等数据;在术前和术后随访时进行疼痛视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS)、颈椎功能障碍指数(neck disability index,NDI)、日本矫形外科学会评分(Japanese orthopaedic association,JOA)及测量颈椎Cobb角。结果 ACDF组平均随访时间为(30.2±10.5)个月,手术时间为(83.5±15.7)min,术中出血为(135.5±21.4)mL,术后并发症发生率为14.8%,术后3个月融合率为88.9%。术后3个月及末次随访的VAS评分、NDI指数、JOA评分、Cobb角均显著优于术前。ACCF组平均随访时间为(28.3±12.1)个月,手术时间为(118.3±20.9)min,术中出血为(329.3±70.2)mL,术后并发症发生率为16.7%,术后3个月融合率为91.7%。术后3个月及末次随访的VAS评分、NDI指数、JOA评分、Cobb角均显著优于术前。ACDF组的术中失血量、手术时间以及术后Cobb角均显著优于ACCF手术。结论双节段ACDF手术和单节段ACCF手术具有相似的临床效果,均能显著改善症状和恢复神经功能,不过ACDF手术的术中失血量、手术时间以及颈椎曲度的恢复均优于ACCF手术。因此在邻近双节段脊髓型颈椎病的治疗上,双节段ACDF手术在一定程度上优于单节段ACCF手术。     

前路颈椎椎间盘切除融合术与动态装置植入术治疗单节段颈椎椎间盘突出症

目的对比前路颈椎椎间盘切除融合术(ACDF)与颈椎前路动态装置植入术(DCI)对单节段颈椎椎间盘突出症(CDH)患者颈椎活动度(ROM)及术后颈椎曲度的影响。方法回顾性分析2018年6月—2019年9月海军军医大学长征医院收治的78例单节段CDH患者临床资料,其中42例采用ACDF治疗(ACDF组),36例采用DCI治疗(DCI组)。记录并比较2组患者手术时间、术中出血量,术前及术后1年日本骨科学会(JOA)评分、疼痛视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分、手术节段Cobb角、C2~7颈椎曲度、邻近椎体高度及颈椎各运动方向(前屈后伸、左右侧曲、左右旋转)的ROM。结果所有手术顺利完成。2组术中出血量比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。DCI组手术时间比ACDF组短,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组患者术后1年JOA评分、VAS评分和邻近椎体高度均较术前改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);组间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后1年ACDF组C2~7颈椎曲度、手术节段Cobb角均较术前有所丢失,DCI组无明显丢失,组间比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后1年2组前屈后伸、左右侧曲ROM与术前比较均未出现明显变化,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后1年2组左右旋转ROM出现了相近程度的受限,与术前比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);组间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论ACDF与DCI治疗单节段CDH均可获得满意的临床效果,虽然ACDF术后影像学资料显示有生理曲度的丢失,但颈椎ROM维持良好,并不影响患者的生活质量。     

Bryan颈椎人工椎间盘置换术后长期疗效随访研究

目的：观察评估Bryan颈椎人工椎间盘置换术后长期疗效。 方法：本研究评估我院Bryan颈人工椎间盘置换术后患者长期临床疗效及影像学结果,采用mJOA、VAS、及NDI分别评价术前、术后1周、术后2年及末次随访临床效果并进行比较,末次随访时Odom’s分级评估临床疗效;X线侧位片及颈椎过屈过伸位片上采用Cobb法评估术前术后颈椎曲度、颈椎ROM,MRI T2加权相上根据Miyazaki分级标准评估Bryan人工椎间盘置换术后邻近节段退变,X线及CT上根据McAfee评估标准评价异位骨化（HO）发生情况。 结果：本研究共纳入患者20例,男性15例,女性5例,平均年龄43.85±3.70岁,平均随访时长88.5±16.29月,其中单节段9例,双节段11例,C3/4 2例、C4/5 9例、C5/6 15例、C6/7 5例;（1）mJOA、VAS、NDI评分术后较术前均明显改善,末次随访时Odom’s标准评级优（8例）,良（8例）,可（2例）,差（2例）;（2）FSU Cobb角、C2-7 Cobb角术前分别为2.33±4.08°、18.78±6.68°,末次随访为3.21±6.56°、15.61±6.73°,两者之间均无统计学差异（p=0.405,p=0.082）;FSU ROM术前为8.94±3.19°,术后早期及末次随访分别为9.47±3.81°、9.34±4.13°,术前术后比较均无统计学差异（p>0.05）,而C2-C7 ROM、上下邻近节段ROM术后均下降（p<0.05）;HO发生率为74.2%,其中严重HO（Ⅲ级或Ⅳ级）发生率为22.6%;末次随访时ASD发生率为46.5%,无症状性ASD发生。 结论：Bryan颈人工椎间盘置换术治疗颈椎退变性疾病可以取得持久稳定的临床效果,尽管异位骨化发生率较高,但大部分保留手术节段活动,同时邻近节段仍可见退变,但均无临床症状。     

单节段ProDisc-C颈椎人工椎间盘置换术对颈椎曲度和活动度的影响

目的:观察单节段ProDisc-C颈椎人工椎间盘置换术后置换节段活动度和颈椎曲度变化情况,分析ProDisc-C人工椎间盘置换术的效果.方法:2006年6月～2008年9月对53例颈椎病患者行单节段前路减压、ProDisc-C人工椎间盘置换术,置换节段C3/4 7例,C4/5 10例,C5/6 27例,C6/7 9例.应用医学影像存储与传输系统(PACS)测量术前和末次随访时置换节段活动度(ROM)、置换节段脊柱功能单位(functional spinal unit,FSU)Cobb角和颈椎整体曲度(C2～C7 Cobb角).结果:随访3～36个月,平均13.8个月.术前置换节段ROM为8.60°±3.7°,末次随访时为9.7°±3.5°,有统计学差异(P<.05);术前PSU Cobb角(前凸为正值)为0.1°±4.8°,末次随访时为3.6°±4.5°,有统计学差异(P<.05);术前颈椎整体曲度为7.0°±10.2°,末次随访时为8.0°±10.4°,无统计学差异(P>.05).结论:单节段ProDisc-C颈椎人工椎间盘置换术后置换节段活动度较术前增大,颈椎整体曲度无明显变化,FSU前凸增大,对于术前病变节段FSU生理前凸变小或轻度后凸的拟行颈椎人工椎间盘置换的患者可选择ProDisc-C假体.     

颈人工椎间盘置换治疗单节段颈椎病的中期随访研究

目的观察颈人工椎间盘置换术(CTDR)治疗单节段颈椎病的中期临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2009年1月—2011年10月本院收治的随访4年的81例单节段退变性颈椎病患者临床资料,按照手术方式分为CTDR组(n=41)及颈椎前路椎间盘切除减压融合术(ACDF)组(n=40)。采用颈椎功能障碍指数(NDI)和日本骨科学会(JOA)评分进行功能评价,采用Mc Afee分级评定异位骨化情况,并进行组间比较。通过MRI进行影像学评估,比较2组手术节段、邻近节段活动度(ROM)和C_(2~7) Cobb角。结果两组患者术后NDI和JOA评分明显改善。术后1个月CTDR组NDI明显高于ACDF组,在工作、驾车和娱乐3个项目上差异均有统计学意义(P0.05),两组之间JOA评分改善差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。在上、下邻近节段ROM和C_(2~7) Cobb角方面,CTDR组术前、术后变化不明显;ACDF组上位邻近节段ROM术后明显增加,C_(2~7) Cobb角术后明显减小,与术前相比差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);CTDR组与ACDF组相比,术后上位邻近节段ROM及C_(2~7) Cobb角差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。CTDR组在末次随访时共有15例患者出现异位骨化,2例假体下沉,1例椎体前缘骨赘吸收。ACDF组无椎间融合器下沉、植骨不愈合、畸形愈合、内固定松动断裂等并发症发生。结论 CTDR在早期恢复独立生活能力方面优势明显,中期随访可较好维持颈椎生理曲度及置换节段ROM,减少相邻节段的异常活动,保护邻近椎间盘,但中期随访发现有异位骨化发生。     

Mobi-C人工颈椎间盘置换术与ROI-C辅助的颈椎前路减压融合术治疗单节段颈椎病的临床研究

目的比较Mobi-C人工颈椎间盘置换术与ROI-C辅助的颈椎前路减压融合术治疗单节段颈椎病的效果。方法回顾性分析2016年3月至2017年9月在我院治疗的单节段颈椎病患者,对符合标准的35例患者资料进行分组,其中Mobi-C人工颈椎间盘置换术15例,ROI-C辅助的颈椎前路减压融合术20例,术后随访12个月以上。记录手术时间、术中出血量和手术相关并发症。采用日本矫形外科协会(Japanese orthopedic association,JOA)评分、颈部残障功能指数(neck disability index,NDI)及疼痛视觉模拟评分法(visual analogue scale,VAS)评价临床疗效。颈椎侧位X线片测量手术节段局部前凸椎间盘Cobb角和颈椎整体前凸C_(2～7)Cobb角,过伸过屈位X线片测量颈椎整体活动度(range of motion,ROM),对术前及随访时的数据进行比较。结果 35例患者均完成随访。两组患者末次随访的JOA评分、NDI评分及VAS评分均较术前有明显改善,两组术前的JOA评分、NDI评分及VAS评分组间比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05),两组末次随访的JOA评分、NDI评分及VAS评分组间比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。Mobi-C人工颈椎间盘置换术组末次随访椎间盘Cobb角、C_(2～7)Cobb角、颈椎整体活动度与术前相比差异无统计学意义(P0.05);ROI-C辅助的颈椎前路减压融合术末次随访椎间盘Cobb角及C_(2～7)Cobb角与术前相比差异无统计学意义(P0.05),末次随访颈椎整体活动度与术前相比差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组术前椎间盘Cobb角、C_(2～7)Cobb角、颈椎整体活动度的组间比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);两组末次随访时椎间盘Cobb角、C_(2～7)Cobb角、颈椎整体活动度的组间比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论相比于ROI-C辅助的颈椎前路减压融合术,Mobi-C人工颈椎间盘置换术可以取得与前路减压融合内固定术相同的临床效果,而且更好地保持了颈椎活动度,可以作为颈椎病的有效治疗方法。     

单节段Prestige LP人工颈椎椎间盘置换术在骨量减少颈椎病患者中的应用

目的 探讨骨量减少的颈椎病患者行单节段Prestige LP人工颈椎椎间盘置换术的安全性和有效性.方法 回顾性分析2012年2月—2017年6月本院采用Prestige LP人工颈椎椎间盘单节段置换术治疗的22例骨量减少的颈椎病患者临床资料.在术前,术后3 d、3个月、6个月、12个月及末次随访时采用日本骨科学会(JOA)评分评价患者神经功能,采用疼痛视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分及颈椎功能障碍指数(NDI)评估患者颈肩部疼痛及颈椎功能情况.在术前,术后3 d、3个月、6个月、12个月及末次随访时测量患者颈椎整体曲度、颈椎整体活动度(C2～7 ROM)、置换节段椎间角度、置换节段ROM(rROM)、置换节段椎间隙高度、置换节段脊柱功能单位(FSU)高度、邻近节段ROM(aROM)及邻近节段椎间隙高度等.观察并记录假体下沉、移位情况.结果 所有手术顺利完成.所有患者随访26～78个月,平均38.2个月.末次随访时所有患者JOA评分、VAS评分及NDI均较术前显著改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).末次随访时置换节段椎间隙高度及FSU高度与术前相比显著增加,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).末次随访时颈椎整体曲度、C2～7 ROM、置换节段椎间角度、rROM、aROM及邻近节段椎间隙高度等与术前相比,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).至末次随访时,发生假体下沉3例,移位2例.结论 采用单节段Prestige LP人工颈椎椎间盘置换术治疗骨量减少的颈椎病患者安全有效,可维持满意的椎间隙高度和ROM,但需警惕假体下沉和移位等并发症.     

Prestige LP颈椎人工椎间盘置换术治疗单节段退行性颈椎病的远期疗效

目的 探讨Prestige LP颈椎人工椎间盘置换术（CTDR）治疗单节段退行性颈椎病的远期疗效。方法 2009年1月—2010年12月,海军军医大学长征医院采用Prestige LP CTDR治疗单节段退行性颈椎病患者31例,其中脊髓型颈椎病（CSM）13例,神经根型颈椎病（CSR）15例,混合型颈椎病3例。采用颈椎功能障碍指数（NDI）、日本骨科学会（JOA）评分和疼痛视觉模拟量表（VAS）评分评估临床疗效。在X线片上测量颈椎曲度（C_2~7 Cobb角）、手术节段及邻近节段活动度（ROM）;采用X线片及CT观察是否发生异位骨化（HO）;采用MRI观察邻近节段退行性变（ASD）程度。结果 所有患者随访10.2 ~ 11.0年。术后各随访时间点患者NDI、JOA评分、颈部和上肢痛VAS评分较术前均明显改善,差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。末次随访时颈椎曲度、上下邻近节段ROM与术前相比,差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。末次随访时手术节段ROM与术前、术后3个月和术后2年相比,差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。末次随访时有13例（41.9%）患者发生不同程度HO,10例（32.3%）发生ASD,但并未发生颈痛、根性疼痛等不适症状。末次随访时发生HO患者的手术节段ROM比未发生HO的患者下降,差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。结论 采用Prestige LP CTDR治疗单节段退行性颈椎病具有良好的远期临床疗效,假体能在保持颈椎ROM的基础上减少手术相邻节段椎间盘的过度活动,但易发生HO而导致手术节段ROM下降。     

T1倾斜角对颈椎后纵韧带骨化患者后路单开门椎板成形术后颈椎曲度的影响

目的评价T_1倾斜角对颈椎后纵韧带骨化(ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament,OPLL)患者颈椎后路单开门椎板成形术后颈椎曲度的影响。方法选取2014年1月—10月,因颈椎OPLL接受颈椎后路单开门椎板成形术病例38例,男20例,女18例;年龄44~75岁,平均53.3岁,随访5.1~6.6个月,平均6.0个月;手术节段C3~6 18例,C3~7 12例,C4~7 8例。记录术前和随访时疼痛视觉模拟量表(visual analogue scale,VAS)评分、日本骨科学会(Japanese Orthopaedic Association,JOA)评分,计算VAS、JOA评分改善率。通过X线片测量术前T_1倾斜角、术前和随访时C2~7 Cobb角及颈椎活动度(range of motion,ROM),计算C2~7 Cobb角改变值,即颈椎曲度改变值。运用SPSS 18.0软件分析数据,以明确T_1倾斜角与颈椎曲度改变之间的相关性。结果根据T_1倾斜角中位数将病例分为2组,2组病例之间性别、年龄、手术节段、随访时间、术前和随访时颈椎ROM、随访时Cobb角、VAS评分改善率及JOA评分改善率差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。T_1倾斜角与随访时颈椎曲度改变明显相关,较大T_1倾斜角组(T_1倾斜角≥26.9°,n=19)病例在随访时的颈椎曲度改变明显高于较小T_1倾斜角组(T_1倾斜角26.9°,n=19),差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论对于具有较大T_1倾斜角的OPLL病例,颈椎后路单开门椎板成形术后颈椎曲度丢失的风险有可能增加,提示在拟行颈椎后路单开门手术或其他颈椎后路术式之前,在考虑患者颈椎Cobb角等评估因素的同时,也应将T_1倾斜角作为一项重要考虑因素。     

Clinical and radiographic outcomes of dynamic cervical implant replacement for treatment of single-level degenerative cervical disc disease: a 24-month follow-up

Purpose

To determine the role of dynamic cervical implant (DCI) replacement for single-level degenerative cervical disc disease in Chinese patients.

Methods

Thirty patients with single-level degenerative cervical disc disease were prospectively enrolled between April 2010 and August 2010 (12 women, 18 men; mean age 56.5 years). All patients underwent anterior cervical decompression, DCI replacement, clinical and radiological assessments preoperatively and at 1, 6, 12, and 24 months postoperatively, and Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Neck Disability Index (NDI), and Short Form 36 (SF-36) scores. Lateral neutral radiographs provided the intervertebral space height. Lateral dynamic radiographs were taken to measure the range of motion (ROM) of the cervical spine and functional spinal unit (FSU) of the treated segment. We compared the amount of motion of the adjacent vertebral endplate and the intrinsic motion of the implant and calculated a correlation analysis.

Results

DCI showed good clinical and radiographic outcomes. At the final follow-up, JOA, VAS, NDI, and SF-36 average scores improved significantly. The intervertebral space height increased slightly after operation and was maintained during follow up. The ROM of the cervical spine and FSU decreased at early follow-up, but recovered to the preoperative level within 1–2 years. There was a high index of linear correlation between the motion of the adjacent vertebral endplate and the intrinsic motion of the implant.

Conclusions

DCI provided elastic dynamic stability for the targeted segment, and restored and sustained intervertebral space height and ROM of the cervical spine.     

Cervical arthroplasty with Discover prosthesis: clinical outcomes and analysis of factors that may influence postoperative range of motion

Purpose

The aim of this current study was to analyze the clinical outcomes after Discover cervical disc replacement and its effects on maintaining cervical lordosis and range of motion (ROM). The possible factors influencing postoperative ROM were analyzed.

Method

27 men and 28 women with a mean age of 46.4 ± 8.7 years were prospectively followed up for 2 years. Clinical outcomes were assessed using Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA), Neck Disability Index (NDI), visual analog scale (VAS) and Odom’s criteria. Radiographic information including segment and overall alignment, functional spinal unit (FSU) and overall ROM, and disc heights were prospectively collected during the follow-up. The correlations between the postoperative FSU ROM at last follow-up and influencing factors were analyzed.

Results

Mean NDI, JOA and VAS scores showed statistical improvements at last follow-up. Anterior migration of the prosthesis was detected in six cases. Heterotopic ossification was observed in ten patients. Mean FSU angle, endplate angle of the treated level and mean overall cervical alignment were all improved significantly at last follow-up (P < 0.001). However, mean FSU ROM of the treated segment significantly decreased postoperatively (P = 0.008), while mean overall ROM showed no significant differences. A significant correlation was found between preoperative FSU ROM and postoperative FSU ROM by the Pearson correlation coefficient (r = 0.325, P = 0.034). Multiple linear regression analysis confirmed that preoperative FSU ROM contributed independently to a model with a coefficient of determination of 0.37 (P = 0.034).

Conclusions

In the 2 years follow-up, the Discover cervical disc arthroplasty has provided satisfactory clinical outcomes. It was able to substantially restore segment and overall cervical alignment while partially maintaining segment and overall cervical ROM. Additionally, we found that postoperative FSU ROM positively correlated with preoperative FSU ROM.     

人工颈椎间盘置换术中颈后纵韧带切除的有效性及安全性

目的 探讨人工颈椎间盘置换术中切除颈后纵韧带(posterior longitudinal ligament,PLL)的临床疗效及安全性.方法 回顾性分析2006年8月至2009年1月行Bryan人工椎间盘置换31例,男16例,女15例.根据术中颈PLL切除与否,分为颈PLL保留组(14例)和颈PLL切除组(17例).比较两组患者的基本情况、临床效果和影像学结果.结果 两组患者性别分布、年龄、受累节段和随访时间比较,差异均无统计学意义.颈PLL保留组和颈PLL切除组的手术时间分别为(84.3±10.2)min和(90.6±12.5)min,术中出血量分别为(60.4±9.5)ml和(66.2±12.4)ml,两组差异均无统计学意义;所有患者术后均无并发症.两组日本骨科协会(Japanese Orthopaedic Association,JOA)评分改善率及颈痛与上肢痛视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS)改善率分别为75.0%±13.0%和86.2%±11.7%;72.7%±18.5%和86.3%±15.8%;72.0%±17.1%和84.0%±13.0%,两组差异均有统计学意义;术后置换节段曲度增加:颈PLL保留组为4.8°±2.7°,颈PLL切除组为3.9°±2.5°,两组比较差异无统计学意义;术后置换节段活动度增加:颈PLL保留组为1.3°±1.0°,颈PLL切除组为1.8°±1.2°,两组比较差异无统计学意义;两组术后脊髓矢状径颈PLL保留组增加(2.2±1.1)mm,颈PLL切除组增加(3.6±0.6)mm,两组比较差异有统计学意义.结论 人工颈椎间盘置换术中切除颈PLL可有效提高患者的临床疗效,颈PLL切除与保留对置换节段曲度及活动度的影响无明显区别.术中切除颈PLL安全可行.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of the resection of cervical posterior longitudinal ligament (PLL) in Bryan cervical disc arthroplasty. Methods Thirty-one patients underwent Bryan cervical disc implantation only in one level from August 2006 to January 2009 were investigated in this study. Cervical PLL was preserved in 14 patients, but not in other 17 patients. The clinical (JOA score,VAS score for neck and arm pain) and radiographic parameters (the FSU angle, ROM and diameter of the spinal cord) were compared between the two groups. Results No differences were found in terms of age, affected segment, gender, follow-up period, operation time and blood loss between the two groups. Patients underwent removal of cervical PLL were significantly superior to those underwent reservation of cervical PLL in term of clinical outcomes. There were no differences between the two groups with regard to the increase of FSU angle and ROM. However, the diameter of the spinal cord had a significant increase in patients underwent removal of cervical PLL. No severe complication was found in the two groups. Conclusion Removal of the cervical PLL is beneficial for the clinical outcomes and does not have an impact on the angle and ROM of the affected segment. The procedure is safe and feasible.     

Analysis of factors that may influence range of motion after cervical disc arthroplasty

Background contextCervical artificial disc replacement is increasingly becoming popular among spine surgeons. Cervical disc arthroplasty aims to afford spinal stability and then balance this with flexibility. One of the fundamental benefits from performing cervical arthroplasty instead of fusion is preservation of motion in both the functional spinal unit (FSU) and the overall cervical spine. Eventually, preservation of segmental motion is believed to prevent the development of adjacent segment degeneration. But to justify its use, disc replacement prosthesis must demonstrate actual motion in vivo and preserve range of motion (ROM) after surgery as long as it allows. Without preservation of motion, disc prosthesis becomes just a functional arthrodesis equivalent.PurposeThe purpose of this study was to analyze the possible factors affecting cervical spine ROM after single-level cervical disc arthroplasty.Study design/settingThis is a retrospective radiological study of patients with symptomatic single-level cervical disc disorder who received the cervical disc prosthesis (Bryan Cervical Disc Prosthesis; Medtronic Sofamor Danek, Memphis, TN, USA).Patient sampleProcedure was performed in 39 patients.Outcome measuresThe outcome measures were statistical correlation of possible factors and ROM.MethodsWe investigated possible factors that could affect cervical ROM after surgical intervention using cervical disc replacement. For this, we focused on two main components, namely, patient factors and technical factors. First, we examined patient factors, such as age, sex, preoperative FSU ROM, and preoperative overall cervical spine (whole cervical spine) ROM. Second, we then investigated technical factors, such as the amount of bone resection, disc insertion angle, and disc insertion depth. Then, our study searched if there was any statistical correlation between these factors and the postoperative cervical ROM.ResultsSignificant correlation was found between the postoperative overall cervical spine ROM and preoperative overall cervical spine ROM (p<.0001, R²=0.9062). Postoperative FSU ROM is closely correlated to both the preoperative FSU ROM (p<.0001) and the disc insertion angle (p=.0097). However, no significant correlation was noted between age, sex, disc insertion angle, and disc insertion depth.ConclusionSignificant correlation was found between the postoperative overall cervical spine ROM and preoperative overall cervical spine ROM. Postoperative FSU ROM is closely correlated to both the preoperative FSU ROM and the disc insertion angle. Careful preoperative evaluation of the patient's radiographs and meticulous surgical technique during the surgical procedure could aid in achieving the goals and benefits of cervical disc arthroplasty.     

颈椎单开门椎板成形术中铰链侧断裂后采用新型棘突悬吊法固定的临床疗效

目的探讨颈椎单开门椎板成形术中铰链侧断裂后采用新型棘突悬吊法固定的临床疗效。方法2016年6月—2019年4月,海军军医大学长征医院采用ARCH钢板并单节段椎板成形术治疗多节段颈椎椎管狭窄症患者,术中发生铰链侧椎板断裂(≤2个节段)30例。早期发生铰链侧椎板断裂的15例患者未行任何处理(对照组),后期的15例患者采用新型棘突悬吊法固定(试验组)。记录并比较2组手术时间、术中出血量、术后引流量,术前及术后3个月疼痛视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分、日本骨科学会(JOA)评分、颈椎功能障碍指数(NDI)、C2~7 Cobb角、颈椎曲度、颈椎活动度(ROM),以及术后并发症(轴性疼痛、感染、C5神经根麻痹、术后6个月椎板未愈合)发生情况。结果所有患者随访10~35个月,平均20个月。对照组手术时间、术中出血量均少于试验组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组术后3个月VAS评分、JOA评分、NDI、C2~7 Cobb角、颈椎曲度及颈椎ROM均较术前显著改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。试验组术后3个月VAS评分、JOA评分、NDI及颈椎ROM均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后发生轴性疼痛者,对照组7例,试验组1例,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后6个月椎板未愈合者,对照组6例,试验组3例,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论颈椎单开门椎板成形术中铰链侧椎板断裂后采用新型棘突悬吊法固定更有利于降低患者术后颈椎功能障碍发生率,保留颈椎ROM,减少轴性疼痛的发生。     

Clinical and radiological follow-up of single-level Prestige LP cervical disc replacement

Objective

To evaluate the clinical outcomes and radiographic results of patients who underwent single-level cervical arthroplasty using the Prestige LP.

Method

Thirty-one patients with single-level cervical disc disease received the Prestige LP disc replacement from June 2008 to December 2009. The neck disability index (NDI), Japanese Orthopedic Association score (JOA) and visual analogue scale (VAS) were used to assessed clinical outcomes pre-operatively and post-operatively at 24 months. The overall cervical alignment (C2–7 Cobb angle), the functional segmental unit (FSU) curvature, the range of motion (ROM) of treated and adjacent levels were measured, and the evidence of heterotopic ossification (HO) was observed from static and dynamic radiographs.

Results

There was a statistically significant improvement in the NDI from 20.2 ± 7.5 to 6.4 ± 3.5 (P < 0.000), JOA from 12.8 ± 2.2 to 16.6 ± 0.6 (P < 0.000), the neck VAS score from 4.1 ± 2.5 to 1.4 ± 1.1 (P < 0.000), the arm VAS score from 4.6 ± 2.5 to 0.7 ± 1.1 (P < 0.000). The post-operative overall cervical alignment (9.3° ± 7.2°), ROM of treated level (7.6°) and adjacent level (upper level 9.4° ± 3.1°, lower level 9.1° ± 3.5°) are well maintained. The FSU were 0.2° ± 5.4° and 1.9° ± 5.5° at pre-operation and final follow-up with statistical significance (P = 0.011). Heterotopic ossification was evidenced in five operated segment (16 %).

Conclusions

The Prestige LP disc arthroplasty maintains favorable clinical outcomes, preserves the overall cervical alignment, FSU curvature, ROM of treated level and adjacent levels.     

Mobi-C人工颈椎椎间盘治疗颈椎病的早期临床观察

目的观察应用Mobi-C人工颈椎椎间盘治疗颈椎病的早期临床疗效。方法 2009年5月～2010年6月应用Mobi-C人工颈椎椎间盘治疗35例患者,共进行了45个间隙的人工椎间盘置换。通过颈椎正侧位和过伸、过屈位X线片测量置换节段术前和术后的活动度（range of motion,ROM）和颈椎整体曲度。应用日本骨科学会（JapaneseOrthopaedic Association,JOA）评分和疼痛视觉模拟量表（visual analogue scale,VAS）评分评价术后颈脊髓功能以及颈部和上肢疼痛症状。对数据进行统计学分析。结果所有患者随访12～24个月,平均17.5个月,本组病例置换节段术前ROM为8.6°±2.4°,末次随访时ROM为9.1°±2.1°,与术前相比差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。颈椎整体曲度术前为11.7°±9.6°,末次随访时为14.5°±7.3°,与术前相比差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。24例患者术前有颈脊髓受压的表现J,OA评分为9.4±1.4分,末次随访时为15.0±1.1分,与术前相比差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。26例患者术前有不同程度的颈肩痛和上肢痛,VAS评分为6.7±1.2分,术后为1.3±0.8分,与术前相比差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论应用Mobi-C人工颈椎椎间盘置换术治疗颈椎病近期可以保持置换节段的运动,改善颈椎曲度,并取得良好的临床疗效。     

颈前路减压植骨融合Zero-P钢板与传统钢板内固定治疗单节段颈椎病的疗效比较

目的比较颈前路减压植骨融合Zero-P钢板与传统钢板内固定治疗单节段颈椎病的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析自2010-01—2013-04行颈前路减压植骨融合内固定术治疗的51例单节段颈椎病,24例术中采用Zero-P钢板(观察组),27例术中采用传统钢板与椎间融合器(对照组)。比较2组术后疼痛VAS评分(神经根型颈椎病)、JOA评分(脊髓型颈椎病)、NDI指数、颈椎Cobb角、吞咽困难Bazaz等级、植骨融合Eck等级、邻近节段退变发生率。结果 51例均获得随访,观察组随访(81.0±4.4)个月,对照组随访(79.0±3.4)个月。观察组术后1、6个月吞咽困难Bazaz分级优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05);但2组术后12个月吞咽困难Bazaz分级差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。2组术后邻近节段退变发生率、术后12个月植骨融合Eck分级差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组与对照组术后1个月、12个月及末次随访时JOA评分、疼痛VAS评分、NDI指数、颈椎Cobb角比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论颈前路减压植骨融合内固定治疗单节段颈椎病术中应用Zero-P钢板在减轻患者术后早期吞咽困难症状方面较传统颈前路钢板固定具有优势,但这两种手术方式在维持颈椎生理曲度、缓解临床症状、植骨愈合、邻近节段退变发生率方面并无明显差异。